选修八unit2词汇

选修8Unit2Cloning共119页11．differvi.不同；相异differfrom与...不同=bedifferent（adj.）fromdifferin在……方面不同differwith/fromsb.on/aboutsth.与某人关于……意见不同differencen.不同；不同之处makea/some/nodifferencetosb./sth.对某人/某物有/有些/没有影响或作用共119页22．undertakevt.着手，从事，承担；承诺，答应undertakingn.任务，事业；承诺，答应undertakeatask/project承担一个任务/项目undertaketodosth.答应做某事undertakeforsth.为……负责共119页33．castvt.&vi.(cast,cast).&n.投掷；投射（光，视线等）；为（戏剧，角色）选派演员castaside抛弃，消除，废除castaway抛弃，丢掉，使(船)漂流，(船)失事castbehind疏远；把……抛在脑后castdown使沮丧/不愉快castoff丢弃castone‘seyesover审视castone’smindbacktosth.回顾，回想castlighton/upon＝throwlightupon弄清楚，阐明共119页4[即学即练](1)Don‘tbeso____________.Justkeepupyourspirits.不要这么沮丧，打起精神来！(2)Assoonastheyreachedthefishingarea,thefishermen______theirnets______thesea.渔民们一到捕鱼区就把渔网撒进了大海。(3)Assoonashebecamerichhe____________allhisoldfriendswhogavehimsomehelp.他一富起来就抛弃了所有曾经给过他帮助的老朋友。castdowncastinto共119页5castaside4．objectvi.反对，不赞成n.实物；目的；对象objectionn.反对；厌恶objecttosb./sth.反对，不赞成某人/某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事objecttosb.doingsth.反对某人做某事raiseanobjectionto(doing)sth.对……提出异议have/makeanobjectionto(doing)sth.对……表示反对共119页6[即学即练](1)I____________theproposal.我反对这个提议。(2)We_______________________likethis.我们抗议这种待遇。(3)Ifeel________________________gettingupearly.我极不愿意早起。objecttoobjecttobeingtreatedastrongobjectionto共119页75．obtainvt.获得，取得；买到；借到（尤指通过努力）obtainknowledge/money/services/aneducation共119页86．forbidvt.(forbade/forbad,forbidden)禁止；反对近义词：ban，prohibitforbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidthat...禁止……(从句中常用“should＋动词原形”)forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事共119页9[即学即练](1)Ourschool______________________________.我们学校不允许学生吸烟。(2)Smokingshould__________________publicplaces.公共场所应该禁止吸烟。forbidsstudentstosmokebeforbiddenin共119页10(3)Hisparents__________________.他的父母不准他喝酒。forbidhimwine提示：forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语，而是跟动名词做宾语，也可用forbidsb.todosth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有allow,permit,advise等。共119页117．owevt.欠(钱、物、债等)；应当给予owesb.sth.或owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owe...to...把……归功于……oweittosb.that...多亏某人帮忙owingto＝becauseof因为，由于共119页12[即学即练](1)Don’tforgetyoustill______150yuantothewineshop.别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢。(2)He______hissuccesstohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。oweowes共119页13(3)IfIhaveimprovedinanyway,I______italltomyteacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。(4)You______meanapology.你得向我道歉。(5)Weshoulddothedutywhichwe______toourcountry.我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。oweoweowe(6)I______ittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。(7)_________totherain,theycouldnotcome.由于下雨，他们不能来了。oweOwing共119页148．bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人botherwith/aboutsth.花费时间或精力(做某事)bothersb.about/withsth.使某人烦恼，不安Itbotherssb.that.../todosth.使某人苦恼的是……bothertodo/doingsth.操心做某事共119页159．strikevt.&vi.打，撞击，冲击，罢工，打动，划燃，侵袭，突然想起n．罢工，打击（strike-struck-struck/stricken）bestruckwith/by为……所侵袭；为……所触动Itstrikesmethat...我觉得……；我突然想到……strikeamatch划火柴strikeon/upon打在……上；撞到……上be/goonstrike举行罢工共119页16[即学即练](1)Theworkers____________/____________becausetheywantedmoremoney.工人们在罢工，因为他们要求增加工资。(2)Whentheclock____________，thestrikestarted.当钟敲响了五点，罢工开始了。werestrikingonstrikestruckfive共119页17(3)Thematch____________becauseofthemoistureoftheair.由于空气潮湿，火柴划不着。(4)____________________noneofthemtrustseachother.他们当中没有一个人信赖对方这使我震惊。(5)Greatdamagehasbeencausedbythetornadowhich______thearealastweek.上周侵袭这一地区的龙卷风造成了巨大的损失。won’tstrikeItstrikesmethatstruck10．resistv.忍住；顶住；抵御；反抗resistancen.反抗resistantadj.抵抗的；耐……的resiststh.抵制、阻挡某事resistdoingsth.反对做某事can‘tresistdoingsth.忍不住做某事beresistantto对……有抵抗力共119页1811．payoff得到好结果；取得成功；还清paymoneyforsth.付钱买……payforsth.买……payback还钱，报复payout付出大笔款项；放松payup付清欠款共119页1912．infavourof赞成；支持infavour赞同；流行；得宠infavourwithsb.受某人支持insb.‘sfavour对某人有利outoffavour失宠；不流行dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.帮某人忙dosb.thefavourtodosth.帮某人做……owesb.afavour欠某人情共119页2013．beboundtodo一定；注定boundv.跳跃；限制；形成……的界线n.跳跃；界线，范围adj.必然的，一定的；准备到……去的beboundtosth.被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上beboundtodosth.一定会、有义务去做某事bebound(for...)准备(去……)beboundupin热心于，忙于beboundupwith与……有密切关系I'llbebound...我确信……共119页21[即学即练](1)It‘s____________sunnyagaintomorrow.明天肯定又是阳光灿烂。(2)We______________obeythelaw.我们有义务遵守法律。(3)Theplane_____________NewYork.这架飞机是飞往纽约的。(4)He'stoo_________________hisworktohavemuchtimeforhischildren.他工作太忙，没有时间多陪孩子们。boundtobeareboundto共119页22isboundforboundupin14．ingood/badcondition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)＝beinagood/badstate)outof/inbadcondition(人)身体不适；(物)保养得不好working/livingconditions工作/生活条件indifficultconditions在困难的条件下onconditionthat...(相当于solongas或if)只要onthis/thatcondition在这种/那种条件下onnocondition在任何情况下都不economicconditions经济形势in/underfavourableconditions在有利的形势下共119页23Ⅱ.重点句型详解1．Then_camethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了令人烦恼的消息——多莉得了重病。共119页24(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等置于句首时，句子倒装。①Look,herecomesthebus.看，公共汽车来了。②Outrushedthechildren.孩子们冲了出去。③Theregoesthebell.铃响了。共119页25(2)本句中的news与thatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill是同位语关系。一个名词或代词后面有时可接一个单词、短语或从句，对前者做进一步的解释，说明它指的是谁或是什么，这就是同位语。共119页26①Weheardofthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我们听说了我们队赢了这一消息。②Wemustfacethefactthatwehaverunoutofallthemoney.我们必须面对我们已花完了钱这一事实。共119页27[即境活用1](1)Inthedarkforests______，somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.A．standmanylakesB．liemanylakesC．manylakeslieD．manyla