英语：Unit 1《Great scientists》课件-重点单词短语详解与练习(新人教版必修5)

1._____________adj.科学的2._____________vt.传染，感染；影响3._____________vt.出席，参观；照料4._____________vi.推断出；结束5._____________vt.暴露；揭发；曝光6._____________vt.指责n.过失，责备blamescientificinfectattendconcludeexpose7.____________vt.宣布,宣告;声称8.____________adj.热情的9.____________vt.命令，通知10.___________vt.吸收；吞并；理解11.defeatv.________________12.curen.&v.________________13.challengen.________________announceenthusiasticinstructabsorb打败；战胜；使受挫；失败治愈；痊愈；治愈；治疗挑战14.contributev.________________15.constructv.________________16.rejectv.________________17.pollutev.________________18.positiveadj.________________19.linkvt.&n.________________20.expertadj.&n._______________熟练的;内行的;专家,行家捐献；贡献建设；修建拒绝；抛弃污染积极的，肯定的连接，联系1.charactern.性格，品质；人物；字体_____________n.特征；特性adj.独特的characteristic⑴WearebuildingsocialismwithChinese______________(character).⑵Hefinishedanovelwith2millionChinese___________(character).⑶Heisfirmin__________(character).characteristicscharacterscharacter2.attendv.护理，照顾；出席，参加_____________n.服务人员，侍者；随从____________adj.专心的，留意的____________adv.专心地____________[搭配]照顾，护理；处理attendtoattendantattentiveattentively⑴Itisthenursewhoattended___myunclewhenhewasillinthehospitallastmonth.⑵MrSmithhassomeurgentbusinesstoattendto，sohecan’t__________(attend/takepartin/join)yourwedding.⑶Youshouldbemore_________toyourwork.toattendattentive3.pollutevt.污染；弄脏______________n.污染⑴Wecan’tdrinkthe_____________(pollute)water.pollutedpollution⑵Nowadays，somethingmustbedonetoreduceair________(pollute).⑶The_________(pollute)thathaspollutedtheriverisachemicalfactory.pollutionpolluter4.instructvt.命令；指示；教导______________adj.有指导意义的，有益的______________n.指导；说明书(复数)____________________[搭配]命令/指示某人做某事instructsb.todosth.instructiveinstruction⑴Mymumalwaysinstructsme_______(keep)theroomcleanandingoodorder.⑵Readthe__________(instruct)carefullybeforetakingthemedicine.⑶Yourwordsarevery__________(instruct)，soIwillkeeptheminmymind.tokeepinstructionsinstructive1.提出__________________2.得出结论__________________3.应该受责备__________________4.也，另外，此外__________________5.将……和……连接或联系起来__________________6.导致，通向__________________leadtoputforwarddrawaconclusionbetoblameinadditionlink...to...7.makesense______________8.apartfrom______________9.contributeto_______________10.curesb.ofillness_______________11.beenthusiasticabout_______________12.bestrictwithsb._______________有意义，说得通除……之外，此外为……作贡献或捐款,导致,有助于治好某人……病对……热情对某人要求严格JohnSnowwasawell-knownphysicianinLondoninthe19thcentury.1______famouswashethatheevenattendedQueenVictoriatoeasethe2_____(bear)ofherbabies.However，hedecidedtodefeatcholera，adeadlydiseaseatthattimewhenhesawthousandsofpeople3_________(expose)toitdiedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.exposedSobirthIn1854whencholerabrokeout，hebegantogatherinformationandmarkedonamap4______allthedeadpeoplehadlived.Hefoundmanypeoplewho5___________(drink)thedirtywaterfromthepumpdied.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.haddrunkwhereHefoundawomanandherdaughter6____hadthewaterdeliveredfromthepumpeverydaydiedofcholeraafterdrinkingthewater.7_____thisextraevidenceJohnSnowannouncedthatthepollutedwaterwas8_________(blame).Hesuggestedthesourceofallwatersupplies9____________(examine)andnewmethodsofdealing10______waterbefound.Finally，“KingCholera”wasdefeated.whoWithtoblamebeexaminedwith1.exposevt.揭露；使曝光；使暴露；展出expose...to使……显露/暴露beexposedto招致；暴露于；感染(病)派生：exposuren.显露；暴露；曝光运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴Thosewho______________(expose)tobirdfluwereseparatedandtreatedwithoutdelay.⑵Stayathomeanddon’texposeyourskin______thesun.wereexposedto2.curev.治愈，治疗;n.治愈，疗法curesb.ofsth.治好某人的疾病acurefor...治疗……的方法/药物运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。⑴Hersonwasaddictedtothecomputergamesandshehadtospendmuchtime________(cure)him______thebadhabits.⑵Thegovernmentisfindingacure_____therisinghousingprices.curingoffor3.absorbvt.吸收(takeorsuckin)，全神贯注运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴当我进来时，他正聚精会神地在看小说。WhenIentered，he_____________________anovel⑵我们可以从外国语言中吸收我们需要的东西。Wecan___________________fromforeignlanguagesbeabsorbedin全神贯注于，专心致志于absorbwhatweneedwasabsorbedinreading4.suspectvt.怀疑;n.嫌疑犯;adj.不可靠的suspectsb.of....认为某人有……的嫌疑suspectsb.tobe怀疑某人是……运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。⑴Heissuspected____murder.⑵Isuspectedhim_______(be)thespy.⑶Whatmadeyoususpecther___havingtakenthemoney?ofoftobe辨析：suspectedthat...表示“怀疑其有”；doubtthat...“无把握，不相信”，怀疑其无。请比较：Oldfriendsandoldwinesarebest.陈酒味醇，老友情深。Idoubtthathehasstolenmywatch.我不相信他偷了我的手表。Isuspectthathehasstolenmywatch.我怀疑/猜想他偷了我的手表。blamesb.for(doing)sth.为某事责备某人blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(forsth.)(为某事)承担责任/受责备5.blamevt.责备；谴责;n.过失；责备运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。⑴我不责怪你，我责怪我自己。Idonotblameyou，butI_____________.⑵那次事故怪不得孩子们。Thechildrenwerenot_____________theaccident.toblameforblamemyself⑶Themanagerblamedhim_____hiscarelessnessatwork.⑷Thepoliceblamedthetrafficaccident_____Steven’sdrunkendriving.onfor6.contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contributeto(doing)sth.有助于……；促成contribute...to(doing)sth.把……献给……；撰稿给(报社、杂志)makeacontributionto(doing)sth.对……作出贡献运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴去年地震发生后，这家公司向红十字会捐赠了食品和衣物。Thecompany________________________theRedCrosslastyearaftertheearthquakehappened.⑵我相信新鲜的空气有助于健康。I’msureplentyoffreshair____________goodhe