道路交通工程专业英语词汇

公路highway道路road中英术语对照通行能力trafficcapacity基本通行能力basictrafficcapacity可能通行能力possibletrafficcapacity设计通行能力designtrafficcapacity公路工程highwayengineering公路网highwaynetwork公路网密度highwaydensity公路等级highwayclassification公路自然区划climaticzoningforhighway公路用地highwayright-of-way高速公路freeway;expressway等级公路classifiedhighway辅道reliefroad干线公路arterialhighway支线公路feederhighway专用公路accommodationhighway国家干线公路(国道)nationaltrunkhighway省级干线公路(国道)provincialtrunkhighway县公路(县道)countyroad乡公路(乡道)townshiproad辐射式公路radialhighway环形公路ringhighway绕行公路bypass交通结构trafficstructure延误delay行驶速度runningspeed运行速度operatingspeed平均速度averagespeed(设计车速)designspeed交通量trafficvolume公路交通规划trafficplanning交通调查trafficsurvey交通量调查trafficvolumesurvey起迄点调查(OD调查)origin-destinationstudy境内交通localtraffic过境交通throughtraffic交通发生trafficgeneration交通分布trafficdistribution交通分配trafficassignment交通预测trafficprognosis行车道carriageway分离式行车道dividedcarriageway车道lane变速车道speed-changelane加速车道accelerationlane减速车道decelerationlane爬坡车道climbinglane停车道parkinglane错车道turn-outlane自行车道cyclepath路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带laneseparator中央分隔带mediandivider中间带centralstrip路肩shoulder;verge路缘带marginalstrip路缘石kerb;curb侧向余宽lateralclearance路拱camber;crown路拱横坡crownslope公路建筑限界clearanceofhighway公路路线highwayroute公路线形highwayalignment平面线形horizontalalignment纵面线形verticalalignment线形要素alignmentelements平曲线horizontalcurve极限最小平曲线半径limitedminimumradiusofhorizontalcurve弯道加宽curvewidening超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevationrunoff纵坡longitudinalgradient最大纵坡maximumlongitudinalgradient最小纵坡minimumlongitudinalgradient变坡点gradechangepoint平均纵坡averagegradiant坡长限制gradelengthlimitation道路交叉roadintersection;道口railroadgradecrossing平面交叉at-gradeintersection;gradecrossing分离式立体交叉simplegradeseparation,separategradecrossing互通式立体交叉interchange定向式立体交叉directionalinterchange喇叭形立体交叉three-Leginterchange环形立体交叉rotaryinterchange匝道ramp交叉口roadcrossing;intersection交叉口进口intersectionentrance交叉口出口intersectionexit渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weavingsection合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflictpoint交通岛trafficisland导流岛channelizationisland中心岛centralisland安全岛refugeisland沿线设施roadsidefacilities交通安全设施trafficsafetydevice人行横道crosswalk人行地道pedestrianunderpass人行天桥pedestrianovercrossing护栏guardfence防护栅guardfence,safetybarrier遮光栅anti-dizzlingscreen应急电话emergencytelephone反光标志reflectivesign反光路钮reflectivebutton弯道反光镜trafficmirror道路交通标志roadtrafficsign警告标志warningsign禁令标志regulatorysign指示标志guidesign指路标志informationsign辅助标志auxiliarysign可变信息标志changeablemessagesign路面标线pavementmarking防雪设施snowprotectionfacilities防沙设施sandsprotectionfacilities隔音墙acousticbarrier停车场parkingarea踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibilitystudy线形设计highwayalignmentdesign公路景观设计highwaylandscapedesign选线routeselection路线控制点controlpoint定线location比较线alternativeline展线linedevelopment初测preliminarysurvey定测locationsurvey平原区plainterrain微丘区rollingterrain重丘区hillyterrain山岭区mountainousterrain沿溪线valleyline山脊线ridgeline山坡线hill-sideline越岭线ridgecrossingline土方调配cut-filltransition土方调配图cut-filltransitionprogram土方调配经济运距economicalhaulingdistance导线traverse导线测量traversesurvey中线centerline中线测量centerlinesurvey施工测量constructionsurvey竣工测量finalsurvey(路线)平面图plan交点intersectionpoint虚交点imaginaryintersectionpoint加桩additionalstake护桩referencestake水准测量levelingsurvey水准点benchmark绝对基面absolutedatum高程elevation地面高程groundelevation设计高程designedelevation(路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cutandfillatcenterstake地形测量topographicsurvey基线baseline地形图topographicmap等高线contourline横断面测量cross-sectionalsurvey横断面图cross-section坑探pittest钻探boring地面控制点测量groundcontrol-pointsurvey路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基partcut-partfillsubgrade台口式路基benchedsubgrade路基宽度widthofsubgrade路基设计高程designelevationofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimumheightoffill边坡sideslope边坡坡度gradeofsideslope(边)坡顶topofslope(边)坡脚toeofslope边坡平台plainstageofslope碎落台bermatthefootofcuttingslope护坡slopeprotection挡土墙retainingwall重力式挡土墙gravityretainingwall衡重式挡土墙balanceweightretainingwall悬臂式挡土墙cantileverretainingwall扶壁式挡土墙counterfortretainingwall柱板式挡土墙column-plateretainingwall锚杆式挡土墙anchoredretainingwallbytierods抛石riprap路基排水subgradedrainage边沟sideditch截水沟interceptingditch排水沟drainageditch急流槽chute跌水dropwater蒸发池evaporationpond盲沟blinddrain渗水井seepagewell透水路堤permeableembankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrowearth弃土waste取土坑borrowpit弃土堆wastebank回填土back-filling黄土loess软土softsoil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土saltysoil膨胀土expansivesoil冻土frozensoil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基softground强夯法dynamicconsolidation预压法preloadingmethod反压护道loadingberm砂井sanddrain路基砂垫层sandmatofsubgrade压实compaction压实度degreeofcompaction(标准)最大干容重maximumdryunitweight相对密实度relativedensity毛细水capillarywater土石方爆破blastingprocedure抛掷爆破blastingforthrowingrock爆破漏斗blastingcrater松动爆破blastingforlooseningrock爆破作用圈actingcirclesofblasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elasticmultilayertheory(回弹)弯沉deflection加州承载比(CBR)Californiabearingratio,(CBR)路面宽度widthofpavement路槽roadtrough刚性路面rigidpavement柔性路面flexiblepavement路面结构层pavementstructurelayer面层surfacecourse磨耗层wearingcourse联结层bindercourse基层basecourse垫层bedcourse隔水层aquitard隔温层thermalinsulatingcourse封层sealcoat透层primecoat保护层protectioncourse补强层strengtheninglayer高级路面hightypepavement次高级路面sub-hightypepavement中级路面intermediatetypepavement低级路面lowtypepave