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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 营销创新 > 08-TOC约束理论(瓶颈管理)八讲-策略
1GOLDRATTSATELLITEPROGRAM高瑞特卫星节目SESSION8第八讲STRATEGY策略Thelastone–strategy.最后一个讲次—策略。Whatisstrategy?什么是策略?Ifyouaskpeoplewhatisthemeaningofthewordstrategy,whatisthechancethatyouwillgetmorethanoneanswer?如果你问其它人策略的意义是什么,那么你得到一个以上答案的机率是多少?Whatisthechancethatyouwillgetthesameanswerfromtwodifferentpeople?你从两个不同的人口中得到相同答案的机率是多少呢?Soletsstartbydefiningthewordstrategy;andIamnotgoingtodoawholediscussionaboutit.所以先让我们定义一下策略,我不打算长篇大论来讨论它。Iwilltellyouwhatismydefinitionandwewillgofromthere.我会告诉你我的定义,然后从这里开始讨论。Itiscalleddemocracy.这叫做民主。Formestrategyisonlyonething–itisthedirectioninwhichyouwanttomoveyourcompanynowaswellasinthefuture.对我来说,策略只是一件事—你想让公司现在和未来朝着什么方向前进。That’sall-assimpleasthat.就这样—如此简单。Whatdirectionhaveyouchosentomoveyourcompany–thatisstrategy.你选择让公司朝着什么方向前进—这就是策略。Well,bynowweareintheeighthsessionsoyouknowwherealwayswestart.嗯,现在我们已经到了第八讲,所以你知道我们通常都从什么地方开始。Wealwaysstartwiththequestion–whattochange?我们都从问题开始—要改变什么?Whatisthecoreproblem?核心问题是什么?2Whatisthecoreproblemwithourstrategies?策略的核心问题是什么呢?Well,Ithinkthatwebetterstartbysayingwhatisagoodstrategy,whatarethecriteriathatweshoulduseinordertojudgewhetherornotastrategyofacompanyisagoodstrategyoralousyone.我认为我们最好先从什么是好策略开始,我们应该使用什么标准来评估公司的策略究竟是好或坏。Well,howdowedothat?嗯,我们要怎么做呢?Letsremindourselveswhatwesaidatthebeginningofthefirstsession–everycompanywasbuiltforapurpose.先回想一下,我们在第一讲一开始说—每个公司的设立都是为了达成一个目标。Everycompanywasbuiltinordertoachievesomething.每个公司的设立都为了达到某个目的。Whichmeansthereisagoalofthecompany.也就是说,每个公司都有目标。Thestrategybydefinition,agoodstrategy,mustshowushowtoreachthegoalofthecompany,becauseifthestrategydoesnothelpusreachthegoalofthecompanythenit’sdefinitelynotagoodstrategy.就定义而言,好策略必须告诉我们如何达到公司的目标,因为如果策略不能帮我们达到目标,那么绝对不是好策略。Whoistheonethatdeterminesthegoalofthecompany?谁决定了公司的目标?Myclaimis-thepeoplewhoownthecompany,thepeoplethatputthecompanyaretheoneswhohavetherighttodeterminethegoal.我认为是—公司的拥有者,设立公司的人有权决定目标。Ifwearetalkingaboutforprofitcompany,acompanythatistradedinWallStreet,theminutethatitistradedinWallStreetactuallytherewasacommitmenttothegoal.如果我们谈到的是营利企业,在华尔街交易的上市公司,那么公司股票在华尔街交易的那一刻,其实就是对目标许下承诺。Whydoyouthinkpeopleinvesttheirmoneythroughastockexchangeinacompany?你认为人们为什么要把钱透过股票交易来投资一家公司呢?ForthesakeofGod?为了上帝吗?Theyinvestedthemoneyinordertogetmoremoney.3他们投资金钱是为了得到更多的钱。Sothegoalofeverycompanywhichsharesaretradedinthestockexchangeistomakemoneynowaswellasinthefuture.所以每家上市公司的目标,就是现在和未来都赚钱。Whataboutothercompanies,likeforexampleacompanythatisahighschool?至于其它组织,例如一所高中的目标是什么呢?Theyhavealsoagoal.Andtheirgoaliseducation.他们也有一个目标,就是教育。Whataboutthemoneyaspect?那么金钱层面呢?Somebodyhastopayforit.Whenarewegoingtopayforit?总要有人付钱,我们什么时候付钱呢?Anditdoesnotmatterifitisintermsofcontributionsorintermsofactualsales-whenthecompanyissatisfyingusbyprovidingwhatwehaveintended.无论是从贡献或实际的销售额来表示都没有关系—当公司提供的东西能满足我们的需求,此时我们就会付钱。SoinordertomakeittotallygenericIhavesaid‘Makemoneynowaswellasinthefuture.’所以为了让这个概念在每个组织都通用,我说“现在和未来都赚钱。”Makemoneythroughsalesormakemoneythroughprovidingtotheextentthatsomebody,shareholdersinthiscase,willprovidethemoneyforyoutooperate.透过销售赚钱、或藉由某人(在这个例子里是股东)投资在公司上的金钱来赚钱。Ifthestrategydoesnothelpus,andshowus,howtodothatthenitisabadstrategy.如果策略没有帮我们、告诉我们该如何做,那么就是不好的策略。Doweagreeonthat?大家都同意吗?Fine.Soeasy,sosimple.很好,非常简单。Isitsoeasytodothat?很容易做到这一点吗?Notsosimple!不太容易!Butthecriteriaisobvious.但是评估的标准非常明显。InotherwordsIwillrefertothat,tothegoalofthecompany,Iwillrefertoitasanabsolutenecessaryconditionforthestrategy,because,aswesaid,ifthe4strategydoesnothelpusindoingthatthatisabadstrategy.换句话说,我会把公司的目标当做是策略的绝对必要条件,因为我们说过,如果策略不帮我们做到这一点,就是不好的策略。Isittheonlyone?Isittheonlynecessarycondition?这是唯一的必要条件吗?Idonotthinkso.我认为不是。Asamatteroffact,whenwelookonthecompany,ortheorganisation,it’snotjusttheshareholderswhichareimportant,becausewehavelearnedthatnotlessimportantarethepeoplewhichcomprisetheorganisation.实际上,当我们看一下公司或组织,不单只是股东很重要,因为我们知道组织的成员也一样重要。Ifwedonotgettheircollaborationwewillnotsucceed,theorganisationwillnotsucceed,todeliverwhatitissupposedtodeliver,atleastinthelongrun.如果他们不跟我们合作,组织就不会成功,就长期而言,无法达成应该达成的事。Whichmeanswemustconsiderit,wemustmakethesepeopletocollaborate,otherwiseinthelongrunthecompanywillfail.也就是说,我们必须考虑这一点,让这些人共同合作,否则长期而言公司会失败。Andstrategyisnotjustforthenextquarter.策略不只是为了下一季而制订。Bytheactualmeaningofthestrategywearetalkingnotjustonthecurrentsituationwhattodonow,weareputtingalotofemphasis,whenwearedealingwithstrategy,onthelongrun.就策略实质的意义而言,我们不只是讨论目前该做什么,而是把许多重心放在长远的未来。Now,whatisthenecessaryconditionregardingthepeoplethatcomprisetheorganisation,theemployees.现在,对组织的成员来说,必要条件是什么?Whatisabsolutelynecessaryinordertogettheirrealcollaboration?什么必要条件让他们能真正合作?Iwouldsaythatlookingtherewearegettingthesecondnecessarycondition,we‘mustprovideasecureandsatisfyingenvironmenttoemployeesnowaswellasinthefuture.’我认为我们可以得到第二个必要条件—“现在和未来都必须提供员工安全和满意的环境。”Ifwedonotdothatinthelongrunwewillnotgettheircollaborationandthen5wewillnotgetthegoal.如果没有做到这一点,长期来说,他们就不会合作,我们就无法达成目标。InotherwordswhenIamjudgingastrategythiswillbeanecessarycondition.换句话说,当我评估一项策略,这会是个必要条件。Astrategythatdoesnotguaranteethat,itmeansitdoesnotgu
本文标题:08-TOC约束理论(瓶颈管理)八讲-策略
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