Deconstructionism解构主义

ThedefinitionofdeconstructionDeconstruction’sOriginAndDevelopmentTextualanalysis:TheGreatGatsbyDeconstructionisanapproachthatrigorouslypursuesthemeaningofatexttothepointofexposingthesupposedcontradictionsandinternaloppositions.ItisintroducedbyJacquesDerrida,aFrenchphilosopher.Deconstruction’sOriginAndDevelopmentFriedrichWilhelmNietzscheclaimedthattheGodhadpassedawayandhumanbeingsshouldrevaluatedallvalues,whichistheoriginofdeconstruction.MartinHeideggeralsohadgreatcontributiontodeconstruction.Deconstructionclaimsthatanytexthasmorethanoneinterpretation.Therefore,aninterpretativereadingcannotgobeyondacertainpoint.1.Pastandpresent2.Pureandfall3.ThewestandtheeastPresent:corrupt,degenerate,pococurante,ruledbyTomBuchananandMeyerWolfsheimwhoarecruelselfishandhypocritical(Ballservesasaplacefortheagedpmanhuntingforyoungerwomenratherthanagracefulsocialisedactivity.Tomandwifefollowtowardthosewealthypeople.Jordanmovesamonghotels,clubsandotherfamilies.Noneofthemenjoysintimateandeverlastingfriendship.)Past:happyandattracive.(NickdescribesthelifeinWisconinwhenhewasyoung:AsonwouldattendYaleUniversityashisfatherdid,aboyoftenaccompaniedwithagirlwouldberegardedasengagedwitheachother,DaisyandJordanwerepurethen).Thiswasaworldofromancewithsweetmorning,softgrassland,brandnewskirt,whiteclothes,whitecarsandhandsomeofficials.Obviouslythewriterdescribesaromanticandpurifiedpasttomakeacontrastwiththecorruptanddegeneratepresent.Buttheconstrastofthemischangeable.Becausenotallofpeopleinthepastwerepurified,letaloneGatsby’spast.Gatsbycan’tacceptthepastsohechangehisname.Hisisreluctanttofacethetruesituationandtriestogetridofthepast.ThereforehisdeterminationtomarryDaisyisbasedonaverticalpastanditbcomefancy.Thenovelgivesusahappyandromanticpast,whiletellusreadersit’sfulloflie—thenoveldeconstructsitselfasthecontrastofpurifiedpastandcorruptpresent.Butthedivisionofthemisfaint.Inasense,thepastsharesthefeaturesofthepresentcorruptanddegenerate,socalled“purifiedpast”isjustanimagination.PureandFallAccordingtothetraditionalview,thisnovelcriticizesthefallofsociety.Ontheotherhand,itstronglypraisespureagainstdemoralization.Pure-----Asthenarratorandwitnessofallimportantthings,Nickisacalm,sensible.What’smore,Nickgivesusanimpressionofbeingalooftotheworld.Fall------Whenwestudythedetails,wecanfindthatNickwasattractedbytheluxuriouslifestyle.e.g.IbegantoappreciateNewYork,Icantasteitsenergetic,baldandriskyatmosphere.Icangetsatisfactionbywatchingendlesstrafficstreamandpeople.Iliketochoosesomeromanticsexygirl,andthenimagineenteringtheirliveswithoutnobodyknowingit.ThoughNickdidn’tcontinuehisimagination,butobviously,Nick’simaginationissomethingaboutsex.Indeed,theenergyofNewYorkmeansthepossibilityofenjoyingsexylifewithoutlaws’restrict.PureandFallTherelationshipbetweenNickandJordanWecanknowthatNickwasfallbyanalyzingtherelationshipbetweenNickandJordan.ThoughNickknewthatJordanwasabsolutelydishonest,hedidn’ttakeitseriously.Instead,hecomfortedhimself,”Beingdishonestisnotsuchabigdeal.”Indeed,whatabstractNickwasJordan’sdishonestybecauseheknowthathecouldgetsexyhappinessfromthehypocriticalJordan.Criticismandcouldn’tleaveNickcriticizedtheindulgentluxuriouslifestyle,buthecouldn’tleavetheparty.Bycontrasting,hewasthelastonetoleaveGatsby’sparty.e.g.“Iwanttogooutsideforrefresh~~~buteverytimewhenIstanduptowalkaway~~~asifastringtiemetothechair.”PureandFallIsNickNick’spureispartlybecauseofhisignorance.Attheverybeginningofthestory,Nickboughsomebooksaboutbanks,investigationandfinancialcredit.Hewasurgentlyeagertoknowthesecretofhowtobecomesuccessful.Whyhedidso?That’sbecausehisignorance.Inotherwords,toNick,ignoranceistheconnotationofpure.Wilson-----theonlyabsolutelypurepersonInthisnovel,Wilsonistheonlyabsolutelypureperson.Hetriednottodoharmtoothers,hebelieveallthepeopleespeciallyhiswife.ButWilson’spureisnotanactivepersonality.Inthenovel,Wilsonisalwaysspiritless,lackofpersonalityandwithoutsoul.Healwayssitinfrontofhishouse,whenisnotatwork,watchesthepassingcarsandpeoplewithoutfocus.Heevenhaven’tanyfriend.Hiswifebetrayedhim.PureandFallAllinall,Pureisdefinedasignorance,lackofpersonalityandvanity.“pure”isnotthatadvisable.Thisnovelcriticizesthedegradedlifestyleunmercifully,butthenarratorNickseemstodiscoverthe“fall”ismoreenergetic,colorfulthan“pure”.Thebinaryoppositionsisunsteady,easilytoberefuted.Besides,Nick'simageevenreflectedthecombinationofpureandfalleninsomedegree.•Allthemaincharactersinthenovelfromthecentralandwesternregions,forvariousdifferentreasonstheycametotheeasternmetropolisofNewYork.•InNick’seyes,theWestispure,isthesimpleexampleofvirtue,onbehalfofthetraditionalpower;Eastisevil,istheworldlycorruptionofthecity,isasymbolofcorruption.•InNick’seyes,natureandmoderncivilizationareinterlinkedandmutuallyentangled.•Forexample,intheWestEggdescriptionoftheearlysummer–“thegreatburstsofleavesgrowingonthetrees,justasthingsgrowinfastmovies”•NickattendedapartyheldbyGatsbyoncesaidso,“herremarkwasaddressedtotheprematuremoon,producedlikethesupper,nodoubt,outofacaterer’sbasket.”Here,amasterpieceofnature--