年处理原油X万吨常压板式塔的设计

11摘要简要介绍了塔设备中板式塔的发展历程、应用现状及应用前景。结合给定的工艺参数拟定了常压板式塔的设计方案。依据GB150-1998《钢制压力容器》和其他关于压力容器设计方面的国家标准，对给定工艺参数的常压板式塔进行设计。经计算确定了满足工艺要求的板式塔的主体尺寸，对一些危险截面进行了风载荷、地震载荷的计算，并重点进行了强度校核和稳定性校核。经机械设计完成了基础环、地脚螺栓、塔盘、接管法兰、筋板、盖板、封头、等零部件的选定及相应零部件间连接方式的确定，并对焊接处进行了补强计算。所设计的常压板式塔满足了给定工艺条件的要求。关键词：结构设计强度校核标准件选取补强计算22AbstractThearticbrieflyintroducesthedevelopmentprocess,applicationstatusandprospectsoftheplatetowerequipment.Preparedthedesignproposalofatmosphericplatetowerequipmentcombinedwiththegivenprocessparameters.AccordingtoGB150-1998SteelPressureVesselandothernationalstandardsonthedesignofpressurevessels,Idesignedtheatmosphericpressureplatetowerwiththegivenprocessparameters.Aftercalculation,themainsizeofthetowerequipmentisdetermined,whichmeetthetechnologicalrequirementsofthetowerwell.Thewindloadandtheearthquakeloadofsomedangeroussectionshavealsobeenchecked.Moreover,thestrengthcheckandstabilitycheckofthedangeroussectionshavebeenonstrictly.Duringthemechanicaldesignphase,thebasering,anchorbolts,trays,pipeconnectingflange,ribs,cover,headandotherpartsandcomponentshavebeencorrectlyselected.Moreover,theconnectionpatternofthecorrespondingpartshavealsobeendetermined.Thereinforcementcalculationonweldingpartshasalsofinished.Allinall,thedesignedatmosphericpressureplatetowermeetsthegivenprocessconditionrequirementswell.Keywords:structuraldesign;strengthcheck;standardpartsselection;computationofreinforcement33目录摘要................................................................................................................................1ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................2第1章绪论..................................................................................................................61.1选题的依据..........................................................................................................61.2课题研究现状......................................................................................................61.3课题的基本内容及要求......................................................................................71.3.1塔设备机械设计的基本内容........................................................................71.3.2塔设备机械设计的基本要求........................................................................71.4课题主要难点及解决方法..................................................................................81.4.1疑难问题........................................................................................................81.4.2解决方法........................................................................................................8第2章设计参数及材料选取......................................................................................92.1设计参数..............................................................................................................92.2材料选取..............................................................................................................92.2.1压力容器用材的基本要求............................................................................92.2.2材料的选择....................................................................................................9第3章板式塔的结构设计与强度计算....................................................................103.1按计算压力计算通体和封头的壁厚................................................................103.2塔的质量载荷计算............................................................................................103.2.1塔体和裙座质量..........................................................................................103.2.2人孔、接管、法兰等附件质量..................................................................103.2.3内构件质量..................................................................................................103.2.4保温材料质量..............................................................................................113.2.5平台、笼式扶梯质量..................................................................................113.2.6操作时塔内物料质量..................................................................................113.2.7充水质量......................................................................................................113.2.8全塔操作质量..............................................................................................113.2.9全塔最小质量..............................................................................................113.2.10全塔最大质量............................................................................................113.3塔的自振周期计算............................................................................................113.4地震载荷计算....................................................................................................12443.5风载荷计算........................................................................................................123.5.1风力计算......................................................................................................123.5.2风弯矩计算..............................................................................................