大学生就业能力现状、问题和提高对策

当代大学生就业能力的现状、问题和培养对策——以沈阳师范大学为例I摘要随着现代经济的迅猛发展，社会对高等教育人才的需求日渐强烈，引发我国高等教育政策不断改革和高等教育大众化的深入推进。近年来各高校招生规模逐渐扩大，导致大学生社会供给量远远大于社会需求量，大学生就业问题日益突出。在我国较为严峻的就业大环境下，如何提高当代大学生的就业能力，使其顺利实现就业目标已成为我国社会广泛关注的问题之一。针对大学生就业难的问题，本文主要对当代大学生就业能力的现状、问题及培养对策进行了研究，首先结合专家对大学生就业能力的研究，了解大学生就业能力的概念界定，随后以沈阳师范大学为例，对沈阳师范大学的学生进行问卷调查，分析当前大学生的就业能力现状，主要从大学生自身状况入手，探讨当代大学生就业能力存在的问题。紧接着针对当代大学生就业能力存在的不足提供相应的培养对策，本文从社会层面、高校层面和学生自身层面进行探讨，强调只有各个层面都关注就业问题，积极引导大学生就业，才能促进大学生就业能力的提高，才能缓解大学生就业难的现状，才能使国家的社会和经济得到全面的进步和发展。本文为提高大学生就业能力，实现大学生顺利就业的目标提供借鉴和参考。关键词：大学生就业能力；就业能力现状；就业能力问题；培养对策当代大学生就业能力的现状、问题和培养对策——以沈阳师范大学为例IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofmoderneconomy,thesocialdemandfortalentsofhighereducationincreasinglystrong,causeourcountryhighereducationpolicyreformandthepopularizationofhighereducationdevelopment.Inrecentyears,thecollegeenrollmentscaleisgraduallyenlarging,causestheuniversitystudentsocialsupplyisfargreaterthanthesocialdemand,theemploymentofcollegestudentshasbecomeincreasinglyprominent.InChina'semploymentenvironmentismoreserious,howtoimprovetheemployabilityofcollegestudents,toachieveemploymentgoalshasbecomeoneoftheextensiveattentionofoursocietyproblem.Aimingatthedifficultproblemofemploymentofuniversitystudents,thispaperpresentsituation,problemsofcontemporarycollegestudentsemploymentabilityandcultivationmeasureswerestudied,firstly,combiningwiththeresearchontheemploymentabilityofexperts,tounderstandtheconceptofCollegeStudents'employmentabilitydefinition,thentakingShenyangNormalUniversityasanexample,carriesonthequestionnairesurveytothestudentsofShenyangNormalUniversity,analysisofthecurrentsituationofCollegeStudents'employmentabilitycollegestudents,mainlyfromthesituation,discussestheexistingproblemsofcontemporarycollegestudents'employmentability.Thenprovidethecountermeasurestocultivatethecorrespondingproblemsofcontemporarycollegestudentsemploymentability,thispaperdiscussesthesociallevel,thelevelandthestudentsthemselves,stressingthatonlyalllevelsconcernedaboutemploymentissues,andactivelyguidetheemploymentofuniversitystudents,topromotetheuniversitystudentsemploymentability,inordertoeasethedifficultemploymentsituationofuniversitystudents,tomakethecountrytheeconomicandsocialprogressandcomprehensivedevelopment.Inthispaper,inordertoimprovetheemploymentabilityofcollegestudents,andprovidethereferenceimplementationofcollegestudentsemploymenttarget.Keywords:collegestudents'employmentability;employmentstatus;abilitytoobtainemployment;trainingstrategy当代大学生就业能力的现状、问题和培养对策——以沈阳师范大学为例I目录摘要....................................................................IAbstract.................................................................II目录....................................................................I一、引言..................................................................1（一）问题的提出.......................................................1（二）研究现状.........................................................21.关于就业能力概念内涵的研究........................................22.关于就业能力结构维度的研究........................................33.关于大学生就业能力培养策略的研究..................................4（三）概念界定.........................................................41.就业能力..........................................................42.大学生就业能力....................................................4（四）研究目标与意义...................................................4（五）研究方法.........................................................51.文献分析法........................................................52.问卷调查法........................................................5二、大学生就业能力的现状描述..............................................6（一）专业知识技能方面.................................................6（二）实践能力方面.....................................................6（三）环境适应能力方面.................................................6（四）思想道德素质方面.................................................7三、大学生就业能力的问题..................................................7（一）专业素养欠缺.....................................................8（二）实践能力不足.....................................................8（三）社会适应能力不强.................................................8（四）优秀思想品德素质缺失.............................................9四、大学生就业能力的培养策略.............................................10（一）社会层面........................................................101.完善就业市场体系.................................................102.转变选拔人才观念.................................................10（二）高校层面........................................................101.调整学科专业设置.................................................102.加强实践操作演练.................................................113.强化校企合作机制.................................................11（三）学生层面........................................................111.提高自身专业素养.................................................122.积极参与社会实践.................................................123.加强思想道德建设.................................................12结论.....................................................................13参考文献.............................................................