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语法归纳高考语法专题五副词语法训练归纳语法分类讲解语法归纳对应学生用书P192副词定义:副词是指可以用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词。一、副词的作用1.修饰形容词作状语。Heisterriblysorryforwhathehasdone.Theprofessorspokehighlyoftheyoungman.☞名师提示:以a开头的表语形容词(alike例外),通常不用very修饰。如:verymuchafraid;wideawake;fastasleep等2.修饰动词作状语。Allthestudentsdidthejobperfectly.☞名师提示:very不可以修饰动词作状语。IverylikeEnglish.(×)IlikeEnglishverymuch/alot.(√)3.修饰副词作状语。Youdrivetoofast.Theboyplaysthepianoquitewell.4.修饰句子作状语;有些副词置于句首作状语。Fortunately,Mikequicklyfoundanotherjob.Happily,thisneverhappened.5.作表语。Mymotherisn'tin;butmyfatherisupstairs.6.个别副词作后置定语。Themenhereareallexperts.Haveyouseenthenewspapertoday?7.作补语。Openthedoorandletthedogout.Hewasseentherejustnow.二、副词的分类副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、全句或名词词组及介词。副词一般可分为以下几类:1.时间副词,例如:now,usually,often,always2.地点副词,例如:here,there,out,everywhere3.方式副词,例如:hard,well,fast,slowly4.程度副词,例如:very,much,still,almost5.疑问副词,例如:how,when,why,where6.关系副词,例如:when,where,why7.连接副词,例如:whether,why,when,how☞名师提示:(1)以ly结尾的词不一定都是副词,也有形容词。如:friendly;likely;lonely;silly;manly等(2)有些副词有两种形式。一种与其形容词形式一样,另一种是在后加ly。二者意义有一定差异或迥然不同。常考的有:close(指实际距离)—closely仔细地,密切地(抽象概念)wide(指实际宽度)—widely广泛地(抽象概念)high(指实际高度)—highly高度地(抽象概念)deep(指实际深度)—deeply深深地(抽象概念)free(免费地)—freely自由地hard(努力地)—hardly几乎不most(最)—mostly大多数情况三、副词的位置1.时间副词和地点副词的位置一般放在句尾。如果这两种副词同时出现在句中,则把地点副词放在时间副词前面,也可把时间副词放在句首。例如:YesterdaytheywentboatinginZhongshanPark.TheywentboatinginZhongshanParkyesterday.但表示不确定时间的副词通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词、助动词和tobe之后。这些副词有always,seldom,often,never,rarely等。例如:Heoftencomeslate.Weareneverlate.Weshouldalwaysworkhard.2.程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(enough例外)。例如:Youareoldenoughtodothis.Heisverycareful.3.方式副词修饰不及物动词时放在被修饰词之后,修饰及物动词时放在被修饰的动词之前或宾语之后,如宾语较长,也可把副词放在动词与宾语之间。例如:Heworkshard.HespeaksEnglishverywell.Mr.Wangwrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.4.副词修饰名词时,一般放在该名词之后;修饰介词时(如well,right,just,soon等),放在该介词前;副词修饰全句时,一般放在句首。例如:Thepersonthereislookingforyou.There'sthehouse,rightinfrontofyou.TrulyhewillgotoShanghai.四、副词的特殊用法1.倒装①含有否定意义的副词rarely,seldom,never,little,hardly等用于句首时。如:NevershallIdoitagain.②here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away+表位置移动的词+主语。如:Herecomesthebus.(若主语是代词,不用倒装:Herehecomes.)Outrushedtheboy.(Outherushed.)2.有些副词也可用作连词,如:though,immediately,instantly,incase等。①Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.(though用作连词)考例:—HaveyoubeentoNewZealand?—No,I'dliketo,________.A.tooB.thoughC.yetD.either解析:though用作副词,常在句末,仍表转折关系。答案:B②Idon'tknowifitwillrain,butIwilltakemyraincoat,justincase.=Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.③immediately/instantly用作副词,意思是“立即”;用作连词,意思是“一……就”。3.形容词、副词的一些固定搭配。如:smokeheavily;dependheavilyon;rain/snowheavily;wideawake(非常清醒的);fast/soundasleep(熟睡的);heavytraffic;strongwind;high/lowprice;large/smallnumber/population等。这就要求同学们在平日学习时,要留心多积累、归纳并记忆。温示提馨(点此进入word部分)请做:语法训练
本文标题:《快乐考生》2014届高考英语一轮复习(理教材 析考点 悟规律 赢高考):高考语法专题5副词(共23
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