成本效益、政策机制与生态恢复建设的可持续发展

1,2,1,2,2,2,3(1.,100101;2.,100101;3.,100190):,1998,,,,,:;;:F316.20:A:1002-9753(2010)02-0005-10CostEffectiveness,PolicyMechanismandSustainableDevelopmentofEcologicalRestorationEvaluationonEcologicalProtection&ConstructionProjectsandPolicyinChinafromaHolisticPerspectiveXUZhi-gang1,2,MARui1,2,YUXiu-bo2,JIANGLu-guang2,WANGYi3(1.CenterforChineseAgriculturePolicy,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China;2.InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China;3.InstituteofPolicyandManagement,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100190,China)Abstract:ThispapertriestotakeChinaeco-systemconstructionprojectsasawholetoevaluateinputandoutputeffi2ciencyofecologicalconstructioninvestment.Basedonarrangingeco-systemconstructionprojectsandrelatedpoliciessince1998,wemakeanobjectiveandcomprehensiveassessmentofEcologicalProtection,ConstructionProjects,theeffectsofpolicyimplementationsandeffectiveness,furthermore,givesomeadviceonfurtherecologicalprotectionandconstruction.Ontheanalysisofprojectspolicyimplementationstatusandsystemdesignandrelatedbehaviorandrela2tionship,webelievethatcurrenteco-systemconstructionprojectsandpolicysystemimprovementisnotonlyhelpfultoecologyconstructionsustaineddevelopmentandecologyimprovement,butalsohelpfultoimproveeconomiclifestatusofrelatedinterestsubjects.Keywords:ecologicalprotection&constructionprojects;effectiveness;policyevaluation:2009-12-09:2010-02-22:;(KSCX1-YW-09-04):(1973-),,,,5,2090[1],,,[2],,[3],,90,[4],,[5],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1998,,:;;2070,,,,,,2007,13.21,,1998,:(1)367km2,38%,1km2;(2)262km2,2460km2;(3),,;(4)135km2,1/3,2km2;(5);(6),15-20%,10-15%620102[6],,,80,[7],2090,,199811,,50,,,,,,[8],,1978(),2001,17,,31(),,[9],,;,,,,;,,,,2005,304,112004,(2002-2030),2030,90%,,1()()(%)()1998-2010962.02[10]1998-2007657.38[17]23.571999-20214311.4[11]1999-20071345.0[17]48.23()2001-2010354.12[12]1998-2007103.01[17]3.69()2001-2010205.61[10]1998-200743.21[17]1.55()2001-201039.09[10]1998-200734.12[17]1.22()2001-201052.94[10]1998-200711.54[17]0.41()2001-201035.97[10]1998-200715.86[17]0.57()2001-201012.47[10]1998-200737.72[17]1.352001-2010577.03[10]1998-2007193.05[17]6.922001-20301356.5[10]1998-200734.28[17]1.232001-2015718[10]1998-200724.86[17]0.892006-201599.84[13]2006-2007n.a./2006-2015n.a.2006-2007n.a./2005-201075[14]2005-200822.15[18]0.792003-2007143[15]2003-2007143[15]5.132005-201090.04[16]2005-200710[19]0.362001-20050.675[11]2001-20050.675[19]0.021998-2005n.a.1998-2002113[19]4.059146.752766.74100.007,1998,9146.75(1)1998-2007,2700,,1345.03657.38,48.23%23.57%,70%;,()100,,,1998-2008,540093.29(2),,1999-2006,3.64,82%2[23],2003(1999-2003),1.75,18.21%,136.18,124.56(3)(1994-1998):1596.8,1.66,8.89,2.59[31]2004-2007,,,21998-2007:1998-20075710.04[20]19771.17[20]3868.18[20]10032.81[20]704.55[20](2005-2008)6.54[21]40093.29()2012.46[20](2000-2007)1227.76[20](2001-2007)1678.71[20]4918.936573.33[22](2002-2007)1644.40[20](2005-2008)2240[21](2001-2007)663.30[20]1112131998-200719982007%16.55[24]18.21[25]1.66km2367[26]356[27]-11km275.02[28]99.87[29]24.85km2267.4[30]263.62[29]-3.78km2174.3[30]173.97[29]-0.331146[29]1766[29]620820102,,,,2001-2007,17005.33(2),2007,5.19,13,20%,,,2900km2,130m3,[32]2006,473,4346hm2;30,346hm2[33],,367km2,38%,179km2,188km2,100,50[34],(2006-2008)356.92km2,161.22km2,195.70km2[27]1995,,,,,122.62007,99.87km2,199824.85km2(3)34361283[35],,,[36]21,2004-20062000,,[37]20071998,3.78km2(3),199920045,6()1999,6416,[38]2006,1740,1.21,12.6%,357,1120,233,30[27],,,85%85%65%,15,,[36],,,,1.,,,9(),,,,,:;,;,,,,,,,,,,,2.,,,,[39],8,1330/,(150/)8,(300/)4,,,,,,2%,,,,3.,,,,,,300,7,;,[39][40],,,,,20022003,5,,,,,,,4.,,,,,,,,,0120102,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;2090,,,,,,,,,,,,,:1.,,,,,,,,2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3.,,11,,,,,,,,,,4.,,,,,,,,5.,,,(1),,,,;,,,,,,,,(2),,(3),,,,,,,,,,,,,,(4),(),,,:[1],.[J].,2002,(2),12-24.[2]WorldBank.China.Air,LandandWater,EnvironmentalPrioritiesforaNewMillennium[J].WorldBank.Washing2ton.DC.2001.174.[3].2120102[Z].2003.[4],.[R].,2005.112-231.[5],.[J].,2005,(2):112-126.[6].[J].,2004,(4):36-39.[7],,.:[J].,2004,(4):20-32.[8],,.[J].,2004,(3),43-56.[9],,.[J].,2006,(5):33-46.[10],,.[J].,2006,(3):12-24.[11].[R].,2001.[12],.[J].,2006,(10),22-34.[13].98[M].:,1998.[14].[M].:,2005.[15].[N].2005.[16].()[Z].1998.[17].[C].,2007.[18].()[Z].2006.[19].[D].,2007.[20].[Z].2000.[21],.[Z].2006.[22].(2005-2010)[Z].2004.[23].[OL].=1875,2008-9-26.[24].(2005-2010)[Z].2005.[25].[Z].1998-2007.[26]22[OL].[27].[R].,2004.[28].[Z].2007.[29].:[N].,2009-2-4(2).[30].[Z].2008-6-20.[31].[R].2007.[32].(1994-1998)[Z].2001.[33].(1999-2003)[Z].2005.[34].[Z].1995.[35].,:[R].2008-11-20.[36].[Z].2001-6-18.[37]..[Z].2008.[38].[Z].2002-1-28.[39].(2005)(2006)[Z].2006,2007.[40][R].2003.[41].(1996-2005)[M].2006.,.[Z].2005.[42].[J].,2006,(6):35-46.(131)31suesandSettingResearchPriorities[M]//Coyle-ShapiroJ,ShoreL,TaylorMS,TetrickL.TheEmploymentRelation2ship:ExaminingPsychologicalandContex