计网实验TCPIP-Configuration

Test1.TCP/IPConfiguration1.ClickStartandthenclickRun.TypethecommandorcmdandthenpressEnter.2.AttheDOSprompt,typeNETHELPandpressEnter.Youshouldseesomethinglikethescreenbelow:ThecommandyouareinterestedinistheViewcommand.Toobtaininformationaboutit,typeNETHELPVIEW,andpressEnter.3.WhatisthepurposeofNETVIEW:TheNETVIEWcommandshowsthenamesofthemachinespresentonyournetwork.Noticethatitliststhenamesofmachinesontheleft,incolumnlabelled“Servername”andanothercolumnlabelled“Remark”4.ListthemachinesafteryouhavetypedNETVIEWfromthecommandpromptClosetheDOSwindowbytypingEXITonthecommandlineandthenpressEnter,orbyclickingtheClosebuttonintheupperrightcornerofthewindow.ObtaintheTCP/IPConfigurationInformationUsetheStartmenutoopentheCommandPrompt,anMS-DOS-likewindow.PressStartProgramsAccessoriesCommandPromptorStartProgramsCommandPrompt.ThefollowingfigureshowstheCommandscreen.TypeipconfigandpresstheEnterkey.Thespellingofipconfigiscriticalwhilecaseisnot.ItisshortforIPConfiguration.ThisfirstscreenshowstheIPaddress,subnetmask,anddefaultgateway.TheIPaddressandthedefaultgatewayshouldbeinthesamenetworkorsubnet,otherwisethishostwouldnotbeabletocommunicateoutsidethenetwork.Inthefigurethesubnetmasktellsusthatthefirstthreeoctetsmustbethesametobeinthesamenetwork.Note:IfthiscomputerisonaLAN,thedefaultgatewaymightnotbeseenifitisrunningbehindaProxyServer.Recordthefollowinginformationforthiscomputer.RecordthefollowingTCP/IPinformationforthiscomputer6.ComparetheTCP/IPconfigurationofthiscomputertoothersontheLAN7.IfthiscomputerisonaLAN,comparetheinformationofseveralmachines.RecordacoupleoftheIPAddresses:1)IPsddresses1:192.168.156.572)IPaddresses2:192.168.156.66Arethereanysimilarities?前三个字段相同，WhatissimilarabouttheIPaddresses?最后字段存在差异Whatissimilaraboutthedefaultgateways?完全相同TheIPaddressesshouldsharethesamenetworkportion.AllmachinesintheLANshouldsharethesamedefaultgateway.CheckadditionalTCP/IPconfigurationinformationToseedetailedinformation,typeipconfig/allandpressEnter.ThefigureshowsthedetailedIPconfigurationscreen.Thehostname,includingthecomputernameandNetBIOSnameshouldbedisplayed.Also,theDHCPserveraddress,ifused,andthedatetheIPleasestartsandendsshouldbedisplayed.Lookovertheinformation.EntriesfortheDNS,usedinnameresolutionservers,mayalsobepresent.8.MarkthePhysicalAddress(MAC)andtheNICmodel(Description).9.Whilenotarequirement,mostLANadministratorstrytostandardizecomponentslikeNICs.Therefore,itwouldnotbesurprisingtofindallmachinessharethefirstthreeHexpairsintheadapteraddress.Thesethreepairsidentifythemanufactureroftheadapter.10.WritedowntheIPaddressesofanyserverslisted(ifany):IPsddresses1:192.168.156.57IPaddresses2:192.168.156.66WritedownthecomputerHostName:118stu-06WritedowntheHostNamesofacoupleothercomputers:DoalloftheserversandworkstationssharethesamenetworkportionoftheIPaddressasthestudentworkstation?NOItwouldnotbeunusualforsomeoralloftheserversandworkstationstobeinanothernetwork.Itmeansthatthecomputerdefaultgatewayisgoingtoforwardrequeststotheothernetwork.UsingpingfromaWorkstationAccessthecommandpromptUsetheStartmenutoopentheCommandPromptwindow.PressStartProgramsAccessoriesCommandPromptorStartProgramsCommandPromptorStartAllProgramsCommandPrompt.pingtheIPaddressofanothercomputerInthewindow,typeping,aspace,andtheIPaddressofacomputerlocatedinyourworkingarea.11.ThefollowingfigureshowsthesuccessfulresultsofpingtothisIPaddress.PingusestheICMPechorequestandechoreplyfeaturetotestphysicalconnectivity.Sincepingreportsonfourattempts,itgivesanindicationofthereliabilityoftheconnection.Lookovertheresultsandverifythatthepingwassuccessful.Isthepingsuccessful?Ifnot,performappropriatetroubleshooting.成功Ifasecondnetworkedcomputerisavailable,trytopingtheIPaddressofthesecondmachine.Notetheresults.pingtheIPaddressofaDHCPorDNSservers12.TrytopingtheIPaddressofanyDHCPand/orDNSserverslistedinthelastexercise.Ifthisworksforeitherserver,andtheyarenotinthenetwork,whatdoesthisindicate?Wasthepingsuccessful?成功pingthehostnameofanothercomputerTrytopingthehostnameofthecomputerthatwasrecordedpreviously.Thefigureshowsthesuccessfulresultofthepingthehostname.Lookovertheresults.Noticethatthefirstlineofoutputshowsthehostname,DESKTOPintheexample,followedbytheIPaddress.ThismeansthecomputerwasabletoresolvethehostnametoanIPaddress.Withoutnameresolution,thepingwouldhavefailedbecauseTCP/IPonlyunderstandsvalidIPaddresses,notnames.Ifthepingwassuccessful,itmeansthatconnectivityanddiscoveryofIPaddressescanbedonewithonlyahostname.Infact,thisishowmanyearlynetworkscommunicated.Ifsuccessful,thenpingahostnamealsoshowsthatthereisprobablyaWINSserverworkingonthenetwork.WINSserversoralocal“lmhosts”fileresolvecomputerhostnamestoIPaddresses.Ifthepingfails,thenchancesarethereisnoNetBIOSnametoIPaddressesresolutionrunning.pingtheIPaddressofthedefaultgateway13.WhatistheIPaddressofyourdefaultgateway?192.168.156.254TrytopingtheIPaddressofthedefaultgateway.Wasitsuccessful?成功Ifthepingissuccessful,itmeansthereisphysicalconnectivitytotherouteronthelocalnetworkandprobablytherestoftheworld.Typetracertatthecomman