Unit 4 Earthquake Grammar

1.对于她的死，他感到很吃惊。(beshockedat)2.整个城市处于一片废墟。（lie,inruins）3.并非人人都能当作家。(notall/all…not)Revision根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。Hewasshockedatherdeath.2.整个城市处于一片废墟。（ruin）Thewholecitylayinruins.1.对于她的死，他感到很吃惊。(beshockedat)3.并非人人都能当作家。(notall/all…not)Notallmencanbewriters.=Allmencannotbewriters.TheAttributiveClause定语从句(一)Quiz1.Amachinethatcanflyisa______.2.Ananimalwhichcatchesmiceisa_______.3.Anobjectthatweneedtobuythingswithisthe_______.4.Asoftwarewhichweusetochatwithfriendsonlineisthe_______.5.Amousethathasalargepocketisa_________.planekangarooQQmoneycatAttribute(定语)1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.What’syourtelephonenumber?4.Sheisabeautifulgirl.修饰；限定honestourtelephone找出下列句中的定语。beautifulyourThepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）1.Sheisabeautifulgirl.2.Sheisagirlwithlonghair.3.Sheisagirlwhogotthefirstplace.通常情况下，单个词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。•在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“……的”）•被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。•引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词关系代词关系词关系副词:where﹑when﹑why定语从句关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.先行词定语从句关系代词(antecedent)(relativepronoun)(theattributiveclause)关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系指人指物在定语从句中的成分who√主语宾语(可省略)whom√宾语(可省略)which√主语宾语(可省略)that√√主语宾语(可省略)whose√√定语1.Thenurseiskind.2.Thenurselooksaftermysister.Thenursewho/thatlooksaftermysisteriskind.照顾我妹妹的那个护士很友善。合并下列句子照顾我妹妹的1.ThegirlisfromAmerica.2.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom/that/who)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。我刚才叫的1.Heisreadingabook.2.ItsnameisGonewiththeWind.HeisreadingabookwhosenameisGonewiththeWind.他正在看一本名叫《飘》的书。名叫《飘》的1.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.2.Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm(which/that)I’veseen.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。我看过的1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系词的三个作用:确定关系代词的步骤1.先找先行词，2.看先行词指的是人还是物。3.看关系词在从句中充当的成分。例1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.(who/whom/that)指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)例3:Thecar________________isredwasdamagedyesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)例5.Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“……的”whose+n.=then.ofwhich/whomIamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,few,little,much等修饰时。NOTE一、that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatChoosethebestanswers:3.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.thatThisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5.当先行词是who,which,what或主句是以这些词开头时。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?2.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it1.Whichisthebookyouboughtlastweek?A.whereB.thatC.whoD.which注：先行词有两个，既有人也有物时，也只能用that。Weweretalkingaboutthepeopleandthingsthatwesawinourschool.1)Theman_________Isawtoldmetowait.1.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.whom/who/that2)Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.that3)Tomisthefirstboy_____lefttheroom.thatthat4)Hesawahouse_____windowswereallbroken.whose5)Youcanreadanybook_____Ihave.1)ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.that2)TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.去掉it3)ItwasameetingthatimportanceIdidn'trealizeatthattimewhoseCorrectthesentences:4)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceofwhosewasveryreasonable.which5.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.that1.All_____weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whatExercises:3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_____youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when4.Idon’tliketheway____youspeaktoher.A.thatB.inthatC.whoD.whose5.Themostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that6.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons____noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that7.Whoistheperson________istalkingabouttheaccident______happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what1._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what2.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(北京2002春季)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who3.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,______shewantedtobe.（湖北2005）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which4.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?（辽宁2005）A.thatB.whatC.asD.which5.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.（天津2005）A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what6.Wome