2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试-英语(北京卷)解析版

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语(考试时间:100分钟试卷满分:120分)考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I___1___(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother.“HowwillImakefriends?”Shehandedmeadvice.“Beyourself.”Forthepast20years.Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously___2___(face)challenges.IknowIwillwhisperto___3___(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.【答案】1.voiced2.facing3.myself【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Beyourself让他受益终身。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去式。故填voiced。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Beyourself”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。【3题详解】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Beyourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。EarthDay，___4___(mark)on22April，isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated___5___1970，theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious___6___(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree，makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables，orsavepower—thepossibilitiesareendless.【答案】4.marked5.in6.activities【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词EarthDay的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。【6题详解】考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter？Researchonthequestion___7___(suggest)that，formoststudents，itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan___8___theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose___9___aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources(资源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand___10___(meaning)collegeexperience.【答案】7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested8.where9.who/that10.meaningful【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。【7题详解】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/hassuggested。【8题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。【10题详解】考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词collegeexperience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen___11___freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefirststarted___12___hiscartotheyoungpeople.Wilsonhas___13___amastonishing64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous___14___withthestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.Thestudentswhohe's___15___havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhatthey'vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents___16___callhim“Grandpa”.TinaStern___17___ridesfromWilsonforallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjustfree___18___.It'snotjustaride；you'renotjustsittingtherein___19___silenceorwithyourheadphoneson.”Sternsaid.“Heasksyouquestionsandactually___20___theanswers,sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,he'll___21___thosethings.Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation.OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe___22___asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,Wilsonoftengoes___23___toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration.Wilsonisthereto___24___them.Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities.Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat'sneeded.Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonnever___25___tobuythemameal.Formanystudents,Wilson'shelpisnotonlyappreciated,it'salsoentirely___26___forthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto___27___vehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.Forthem,ridingwithWilsonhas___28___themtocompletetheireducation—butaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe___29___.“IjustlovedrivingandIlovethesekids,Wilsonsaid.It'ssucha(n)___30___tobeapartofthesekids’lives,evenjustforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.distributing12.A.donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wandered14.A.argumentsB.interviewsC.negotiationsD.conversations15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.conversations16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already17.A.earnedB.recei