【名师一号】2015高考英语一轮复习-Unit-3-Inventors-and-inventions

1Unit3Inventorsandinventions(计时：35分钟)Ⅰ.词汇知识1．(2013·天津六校联考)Ihaven'tcometoaclearidea,soIcanonlytellyou________whatIthinkaboutit.A.abruptlyB.privatelyC.roughlyD.absolutely答案与解析C从前一个分句的意思可推知，说话人只能粗略地(roughly)告诉对方他的想法。abruptly“突然地；唐突地”；privately“秘密地”；absolutely“绝对地”。2．—Areyoureadytoleave?—Almost,I'llbereadytogojustassoonasI________puttingthecleandishesaway.A.carryoutB.giveupC.getthroughD.setabout答案与解析C答句句意：快了，我把干净的碟子收拾好就来。carryout“执行”；giveup“放弃”；getthrough“完成”；setabout“开始”。只有C项符合句意。3．(2013·南京调研)Eachpersonhashis/heruniquecharacter,which________him/herfromothers.A.differsB.distinguishesC.dividesD.draws答案与解析B句意：每个人都有其独特的个性将自己与他人区分开。distinguish...from...“将……与……分开”。differ为不及物动词；divide...into...“将……分割成……”；draw...from...“从……中提取”。4．Itisnousephoning.Thetelephonelineis________anditwillberepairedthisafternoon.A.outoforderB.outofmoneyC.outoffashionD.outofquestion答案与解析Aoutoforder“有毛病的；出故障的”；outofmoney“手头拮据；手头没钱”；outoffashion“不流行的”；outofquestion“毫无疑问”。句意：你打电话也没有用，电话线出故障了，下午会有人来修理的。选A项。5．—Whenwoulditbe________foryoutogotothesciencemuseumwithme?—IamfreethisFridayafternoon.Let'smeetat2pmattheschoolgate.A.familiarB.pleasantC.necessaryD.convenient2答案与解析Dconvenient“方便的；合宜的”，符合题意。Ⅱ.单句语法填空6．—Mr.Smith,canItakeonthejob?—I'mafraidnot.Itisasortofwork________(call)forrichexperienceandgreatpatience.答案与解析callingwork与callfor存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作后置定语。7．Astudy________(lead)byAllanLucks,suggeststhatvolunteersenjoybetterhealththannon­volunteers.答案与解析led句意：以艾兰·鲁克斯为首的研究小组的研究暗示志愿者的健康状况要比非志愿者的健康状况好。根据句意可知，lead与句子的主语astudy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用lead的过去分词形式led作后置定语。8．AngLee's3DfilmLifeofPi,________(base)onthenovelbyYannMartel,getsmagnificentreactionsworldwide.答案与解析based句意：李安的3D电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》，改编自扬·马特尔的小说，在全世界收到极好的反响。短语base...on...“以……为基础；以……为根据”。base与3DfilmLifeofPi为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用动词的过去分词形式作定语，故空处填based，相当于定语从句whichwasbased...。9．Withallthehousework________(do),MrsGreenwatchedTVinthesittingroom,happyandrelaxed.答案与解析done句意：所有的家务活干完了，格林夫人在客厅看电视，很高兴，也很放松。动词do与allthehousework构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而且根据句意可知“家务活已全部干完”，故用动词的过去分词形式表示完成和被动。10．WhenIpassedbythisafternoon,IsawMarylyingonthegrass,herhands________(cross)underherhead.答案与解析crossedhands与cross之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Hostess:Whatadvicewouldyougivetosingersfacingvoiceproblems?Doctor:Ifpopsingershavegotvoiceproblems,theyreallyneedtobemore__11__(select)aboutwheretheywork.Theyshouldn'tworkinsmokyatmospheres.Theyalsoneedtothinkabout__12__(rest)theirvoicesafterashow.Somethingelsetheyneedtobecarefulaboutismedicines.Aspirin,for__13__，singersshouldavoidaspirin.Itthinstheblood.Andifasingercoughs,this__14__resultinthe3bruising(受伤)ofthevocalcords.Hostess:Andis__15__truethatsomesingersusedrugsbeforeconcertstoboost(提高)theirvoiceswhentheyhavevoiceproblems?Doctor:Yes,this__16__happenonoccasion.Theyareeasily­availableonthecontinentandtheyare__17__(use)ifasingerhasproblemswithhisvocalcordsandhastosingthatnight.Butifthey__18__(take)regularly,theycauseathinningofthevoicemuscle.Mostpopsingerssufferfromthreethings:lackoftraining,overuseandabuseofthevoice,especially__19__theyareyoung.Theyhavedifficultlives.Whentheygoontour,theydo__20__vastnumberofconcerts,singinginsmokyplaces.答案11.selective12.resting13.example14.can15.it16.does17.useful18.aretaken19.when20.aⅣ.阅读理解ANextHalloween,asmallvegetablethatlookslikeapumpkinmayappearinagardennearyou.Thevegetableisatypeofpepperthatiscalled“Lil'Pumpkin.”It'sveryspecialbecauseithasorange,pumpkin­likefruit.Youmightthinkthatallvegetablesaregrowntoprovidefoodtoeat.Butsomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolourandholidayspiritthattheybringtogardens.Thesearecalled“ornamentals(观赏性植物)”.JustlikelightsdecorateaChristmastree,theydecorateagarden.Thepepperswerebred(培育)byAgriculturalResearchService(ARS)scientistsJohnStommelandRobertGriesbach.Anotherpepperthescientistsdevelopediscalled“PepperJack”.BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackcone­shaped(锥形的)fruit,itmightremindyouofthepopularHalloweentreat“candycorn”．StommelsaysthatvegetablecropssuchaspepperswerefirstwidelygrowninEuropeinthe15thcentury.Atthattime,peoplelikedthesecropsmorebecausetheylookedprettythanbecausetheyprovidedfood.Backthen,whenagardenergrewplantsfordecorationandplantsforfood,thegardenwascalleda“potage”.Anexampleofthisisthelargegardensonthelawns(草坪)ofcastlesandverylargehomeswherekingsandqueenslived.OneofthoselargeroyalhomeswastheFrenchking'spalaceatVersaillesduringthe1600s.Thepalaceisstilltheretoday,andpeoplefromallovertheworldstillgotheretovisitandseethegardens.4Today,Stommelsaysusingvegetablesasdecorationsingardenshasbecomepopularagain.Soyoumightbewondering,ifthesepeppersarefordecoration,canpeopleeatthem?Yes,butthefruitfrombothofthesepeppershasasharptaste(kindoflikeonions)．Thesepeppersarescheduledtobecomeavailableinmid­2015.Theseprettypepperscanbegrownincontainersandalsoingardenbeds.Theygrowbestwithplentyoflightandwarmtemperatures,Stommelsays.21．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Differentkindsofpeppers.B.PepperswiththeHalloweenspirit.C.Thehistoryofpeppers.D.FoodfortheHalloweenfestival.答案与解析B本文主要讲了在下一个万圣节时，会有一种新的类似于万圣节南瓜的辣椒问世