book-3-unit-4-language-points语言点

LanguagepointsUnit41.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour…1).（使某物）炸开，爆炸2).（指感情）迸发3).（指人口）突然或迅速增加Thefireworkexplodedinhishandandhewashurtseriously.Thechildrenexplodedintolaughter.Theteacherexplodedwithanger.Nowitisnoteasytofindjobswiththeexplodingworldpopulation.explosionn.爆炸（声）explosiveadj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的explodewith/in/into...2.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,….intime(forsth/todosth):notlate及时；不迟Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。intime:soonerorlater;eventually迟早；最后；终于I’llseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见他。in/outoftime:in/notinthecorrecttime合/不合节拍Theaudienceclappedintimetothemusic.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。3.(sth)beto(do):(something)willdefinitelyhappen,oritmusthappen不可避免要发生或必须发生。e.g.Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthattheywerenevertomeetagain.Mr.Clarksaidtohisdaughter,“Youaretobehomeby10o’clockatthelatest.”Thesportsmeetingwastotakeplacesoon..cool1)v.Pleaseopenthewindowtocooltheroom.Don’tdrinktheteabeforeitcoolsalittle.2)adj.凉爽的，冷静的，沉着的，冷漠的，冷淡的be/get/seem/keepcoolHissongsreceivedacoolresponsefromthepublic.4.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.随着地球的冷却,地球的表面就开始出现了水。cooldowna.凉快起来，冷却b.指人的心境“平静下来，使…平静下来”Aheatedargumentcanbesettledbetterifbothsidescooldownfirst.Itriedtocoolherdownbutshewasstillveryangrywhensheleft.Don’tcovertheTVuntilitcoolsdown.5.Nobodyknewthatitwasgoingtobedifferentfromotherplanetsgoingroundthesun.2）他们的品位和我不同。Theirtastesaredifferentfrommine.Therearedifferencesbetween…and……与…之间有不同之处tell…from…把…与…区分开来thesameas…与…一样besimilarto与…相似bevery/much/quite/entirely/totallydifferentfrom与…不同Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.1）城市生活和农村生活很不同。goingroundthesun为现在分词短语，做定语，表示一般的动作。例如：Menbreakingthelawwillbepunished.Menwhobreakthelawwillbepunished.现在分词短语作定语，也可表示进行的动作。例如：Canyouseethegirldancingwithyourboyfriend?Canyouseethegirlwhoisdancingwithherboyfriend?你能看到与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗？beharmfulto对…有害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm伤害某人，对某人有害处1)Pollutionisespeciallyharmfultoanimals.2)Smokingwilldoyoualotofharm.Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todo…Thereisnoharmin(sb.’s)doingsth.6.7.Itallowedtheearthdodissolveharmfulgases….allowvt.允许、许可、容许allow+n./pron./doingallowsb.todobeallowedtodoMyfatherdoesn’tallowsmokingathome.Infacthedoesn’tallowustosmokeanywhereatanytime.Areweallowedtousethecomputer?it作形式宾语，其真正的宾语可以是不定式，动名词和从句。1.TheforeignMinistersaid,“_____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004BJ)A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis2.Ilike____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(NMET2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?A.thisB.thatC.whatD.itDCD8.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.4.Why?Ihavenothingtoconfess.____youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat5.Wasitattheschool____wasnamedafterahero______hespenthischildhood?A.which;thatB.where;whereC.that;whereD.which;whereAA9.Theymultipliedandfilledthefirstoceansandseaswithoxygen.multiply(数目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖1)Ourproblemshavemultipliedsincelastyear.2)2and5multiplytomake10.4)Theplantsheremultiplyrapidly.3)6multipliedby5is30.=Multiply6by5tomake30.10.Thisencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.encourage鼓舞；促进；怂恿。后接名词、代词，也可接不定式作宾语补足语。如：Highpricesforcornandwheatwillencouragefarming.玉米和小麦的高价将促进农业的发展。Mysuccessencouragedmetocontinue.我的成功鼓励我继续干下去。Heencouragedmetolearndancing.他鼓励我去学跳舞。11.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.lateadj.迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的lateradv.后来，较晚时候,过后adj.late的比较级(更迟的,更后的)latestadj.最新的latelyadv.=recently近来1)Mr.ZhuRongjiisthelatePrimeMinisterofChina.3)Shesaidshewouldringyoulaterthismorning.5)It’sonlylatelythatshehasbeenwellenoughtogoout.2)Heisoftenlateforschool.4)Haveyouheardaboutthelatestnews?12.spread的用法（1）vi.（消息等）传开，流传。如：Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolveryquickly.Thefirespreadfromthefactorytothehousenearby.（2）vt.“使伸展，延伸，张开”，常与out连用。Hespreadouthisarmstowelcomeus.Ispreadanewclothonthetable.我在餐桌上铺上一条新桌布。他张开手臂欢迎我们。13.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.1)Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.2)Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.Ifnothingprevents,…如果没有什么阻碍的话,…1.ThisisthebestwayIcanthinkof_____intodangerousareas.A.topreventpeoplegettingB.keepingpeoplegettingC.stoppedpeoplegetting2.Alicewasprevented______takingapartinsportsmeeting.Afrom14.escape1)v.escapesthdoingsthescapepunishment=escapebeingpunishedescapefromsth/someplace2)n.Escapefromtheprisonisdifficult.15.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.formillionsofyearstocome中不定式tocome作定语，与前面的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系：Sheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.她是最不像会做这种事的人。16.dependon/upon1)信赖，依靠dependon/uponsb/sth/v-ingsb/sthfor…sbtodosthYoumustn’tdependonotherstohelpyou.Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.2)视．．．而定，取决于．．．Thepricedependonthequality.Yoursuccessdependsonwhetheryouworkhard.Thatdependsonhowyoudidit.dependonit没问题，请放心（句末或句首）That/It(all)depends.那得看情况而定1)Dependonit,you’ll