Book-3-unit-4--language-points.

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsLanguagepoints1.theory2.atom3.billion4.globe5.violent6.intime7.carbondioxide8.atmosphere9.unlike10.fundamentaln.学说；理论n.原子n.英万亿；美十亿n.球体；地球仪；地球adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的及时，终于n.二氧化碳n.大气层；气氛prep.与…不同；不像adj.基本的；基础的NewWordsandphrases11.harmful12.acid13.chain14.mutiply15.oxygen16.layeggs17.exist18.givebirthto19.thus20.inone’sturn21.prevent…fromadj.有害的n.酸n.链子；连锁；锁链vt.乘；增加n.氧气下蛋vi.存在；生存产生；分娩adv.因此；于是轮到某人阻止；制止as在这里表示原因,意思是“因为”Ashewasill,heneededmorehelp.1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。Nooneseeswhathe’ssaying,asitistoohard.核心词汇梳理2．unlikeprep.与……不同；不像；非……的特征归纳(1)beunlike...相当于bedifferentfrom...(2)unlikesth./sb.位于句首，常用于表示对比。(3)unlike的反义词为like。3.harmfuladj.有害的，伤害的搭配熟记下列搭配beharmfulto=doharmto对……有害doharmtosb.＝dosb.harm对某人有害处domoreharmthangood弊多利少翻译：吸烟有害健康。_____________________________Smokingisharmfultohealth.4．existvi.存在；生存联想existin存在于……中existon靠……生活[生存]thereexist(s)表示“存在/有”，此时exist不用进行时。拓展thereexist(s)表示“存在/有”，是“therebe”句型的延伸完成句子(1)少数人认为世界上存在恶魔。Severalpeoplebelievethedevil________intheworld.(2)好人到处都有。__________warmheartedpersonseverywhere.(3)Itwasimpossibleforthemto________suchasmallincome.(4)Theuniverse________space.existonexistsinThereexistexists1.However，accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory，theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”thatthrewmatterinalldirections.自我探究inalldirections＝ineverydirection朝四面八方。品味经典①Whenthepolicearrived，thecrowdranaway_____________.警察一到,人群就向四面八方跑开了。inalldirections重点短语例释归纳拓展(1)directionn．方向；指导；(通常作复数)指示，命令，说明书(2)asenseofdirection方向感in/fromthedirectionof...朝着/来自……方向underthedirectionofsb.＝underone’sdirection在某人的指导下②他的方向感很好。Hehasagoodsenseofdirection.2．intime及时；早晚；迟早完成句子:(1)我们到达车站时，刚好赶上那班车。Wegottothestationjust_______tocatchthebus.(2)他早晚会明白什么才是对的。___________hewillseewhatisright.intimeIntime提示intimetodosth./forsth.来得及干某事；正好及时赶上……(3)我刚好来得及赶上那班飞机。Iwasjust______________theflight.(4)大夫正好及时赶到挽救了他的生命。Thedoctorgottherejust_______________hislife.intimeforintimetosaveTheyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.3.prevent…from阻止；制止Itriedtokeephimfromwaitingforher.我试图叫他不要再等她了。(keep…from…)Itriedtokeephimwaitingforher.我试图让他等她。(keepsb.doingsth.)1).Noonecanpreventtheplans___out.A.tobecarriedB.fromcarryingC.nottocarryD.frombeingcarried2).Theytriedtopreventthethieffrom___.A.runawayB.runningawayC.torunawayD.beingrunaway及时练：Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.(P26，L20)[翻译]1.新鲜空气对于身体健康必不可少。(befundamentalto...)(Freshair)2.勤勉对成功来说是基本的。(Diligent)Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.4.befundamentalto是……的基础；对……是必要的Diligenceisfundamentaltosuccess.5….millionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhether…1)dependonsb.依靠,相信某人2)dependonsth.取决与某物我们都靠你来做决定了．We’llall_______________tomakeadecision.明天是否能开校运会取决与天气．Whethertoholdthesportsmeetingornotwill_______________________.3)That/It(all)depends.那得看情况而定dependonyoudependsontheweather他可能会支持我，但要视情况而定。e.g.:Hemaysupportme,butitdepends.1．I’mina________(迷惑)astohowtocopewiththenewsituation.2．Hewouldneverbe________(有害的)toanyone.3．One________(理论)aboutthemoonisthatitisapiecebrokenofftheearth.4．Studentsshouldpayspecialattentionto____________(基础)science.5．Ifyoumfivebysix，you’llgetthirty.6．Inthisvconflict，about20commonpeopledied.7．Mancan’tlivewithoutwaterando.puzzleharmfultheoryfundamentalultiplyiolentxygenunlike;dependon;beharmfulto;bedifferentfrom;givebirth;violent;intime1.Whattheysayisoften______________whattheydo.2._______manyothertopics,fatisalwaysatopicthatAmericanstalkabout.3.Hefoundajoblastmonthanddidn’thaveto__________hisparentsanylonger.differentfromUnlikedependonCompletethesentenceswithawordoraphrasefromthebox.4.InChinawomenhavethefreedomtochoosenotto_________.5.The_________earthquakeleft3,000peoplehomeless.6.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Butit____________letthemremainuncorrected.7.Ifyouputyourheartintoyourwork,youcansucceed__________.violentintimeisharmfultogivebirthunlike;dependon;beharmfulto;differentfrom;givebirth;violent;intime1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.1)betodosth.表示按计划或安排要做的事或者命运（即命中注定要发生的事)。e.g.Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?你什么时候回家？e.g.:ThecollegeentranceexaminationistobeheldinJune7,8,9.高考将在6月7、8、9号举行.主语从句定语从句它（地球）将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到45-38亿年以前这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。重点例句分析2)notuntil直到……才;直到……之前(……还不)e.g.Don‘ttalkuntiltheclassiscover.等到下课再讲话。2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。it形式主语1）真正的主语是主语从句whethertheshapewouldlastornot。为了避免主语显得过长,可以用it作为句子的主语,把主语从句移到句子的末尾。e.g.Itiswell-knownthatwearegoodatEnglish.众所周知，我们擅长英语。2)whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句既可以用whether,也可以用if。Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?PracticeI.用所给动词的适当形式填空。make,watch,wonder,be,cool,multiply,begin,exist,explodeWheredowecomefrom?Howdidtheuniverse_____?Whenwe______thestarsthroughthetelescope,we______whytheuniverse____.Afterthe“BigBang”,theearth___justacl