Lockout Tagout锁定挂牌

Lockout/Tagout锁定挂牌Whoneedstraining?谁需要培训Whatishazardousenergy?什么是危险能量源Whatislockout/tagout?什么是挂牌上锁Whatarethedifferenttypesoflockoutdevices?锁定的不同方式Whatistherequirementfortags?挂牌的要求Whatlockout/tagoutproceduresarerequired?挂牌锁定程序的要求WhatThisTrainingWillCover:本次培训包括1WhoNeedsTraining?谁需要培训Authorizedemployees–peoplewholockortagoutmachinesorequipmenttoperformservicing.授权人员－在维修设备时锁定和挂牌的人员Affectedemployees–peoplewhousemachinesorequipmentonwhichservicingisperformedunderlockout/tagout.涉及人员－操作在维修时锁定挂牌设备的人员Otheremployees–peoplewhoworkintheareaoflockedoutmachineryorequipment其他员工－在锁定设备区域工作的人员2WhatisHazardousEnergy?什么是危险能量源Hazardousenergyisoneofthefollowing:危险能量源包括Electricity–liveorstored电－带电或蓄积的Movingmachineryparts运动的机械部件Storedmechanicalmovementinmachinery设备中蓄积的机械能3“Storedmechanicalmovementmeanssomepartofamachinecanbemovedbyelectricity,hydraulicfluid,airpressure,waterpressureorgravity.Thisenergycansometimesstillexistorbestoredwhenthemachineryisturnedoff.Forexample,hydraulicfluidscanmovemachinerypartsevenwhenthemotororelectricityisoff,ifacertainvalveisopened.蓄积的机械能指设备中的某些部件被电、蒸汽、压缩空气、水或重力所驱动。当设备关闭时，这些能量有时会继续存在或蓄积下来。例如，如果阀门打开，即使当马达或电源关闭，蒸汽依然可以驱动设备部件Inthetruckphoto,theupraisedtruckbedhashazardousstoredenergybecausegravitycouldmoveitdownontopofamechanicworkingunderit,ifthebedisnotphysicallyblockedintheupposition.”上图所示卡车，升高的车存在蓄积的危险能量，因为在重力作用下，它会下降。因此在升高位置需要物理锁定WhatisHazardousEnergy?什么是危险能量源Storedheat(steamlinesorhotliquids)蓄积的热量（蒸汽或热水管道）Chemicalsinpipelinesunderpressureorforceofgravity带压或重力作用的化学品管道Anyotheractiveorstoredenergysourcesthatcouldharmaworker其他可能伤害员工的蓄积能量4HazardousEnergySourceExamples危险能量源示例Liveelectricallines带电导线Electricalcapacitors电容器Lasers激光Enginesthatmovemachineryparts机械运动部件Hydrauliclifts液压机Pneumatic(airpressure)lines压缩空气管道Springs弹簧5“Otherexamplesincludeforkliftswiththeforksintheupposition,steamandhotliquidpipes,fuellinessuchasnaturalgastoheaters.其他包括叉板处在高位的叉车，蒸汽和热水管道，天然气管道Theseexamplesareconsideredhazardous,becausejust“turningthemoff”doesnotguaranteetheywon’taccidentallybeturnedonagainduringmaintenanceorrepair,ortheycontinuetohavestoredenergyafterbeing“turnedoff”.这些只所以认为是危险的，是因为只是关闭并不意味着在维护或修理过程中它们不会意外开启或是在关闭状态下依然蓄积能量。HazardousEnergySourceExamples危险能量源示例Lockout/TagoutandConfinedSpaces挂牌上锁和狭窄空间Lockout/Tagoutisimportantinconfinedspacessinceitiseasytogettrappedandhardtoescape.挂牌上锁对于狭窄空间非常重要，因为狭窄空间易于受困和难以逃离Pipelinesleadingintotanksmustbeblankedoffbeforeenteringthespace.进入前必须清空通向容器的管道Allelectricalandmechanicalhazardousenergymustbeaddressedandlockedoutortaggedasneeded.所有的电和机械能量源必须标识并挂牌锁定6Whatkindofinjuriescanhappen?会导致什么样的伤害Electrocutionfromliveparts带电部件电击Scaldingfromsteamorhotliquids蒸汽或热水管道烫伤Chemicalburnsorpoisoning化学品灼伤或中毒Frommachinery:来自机械的-Deepcutsandgashes切割伤害-Crushinginjuries挤压伤害-Amputations断肢Allofthesecanbefatalwhensevere严重时会导致死亡8Electricshockcankill电击是致命的aslowas30voltscancarryenoughcurrenttokill30伏的电压也会具有足够的电流而使人致命Usenon-conductingtools使用绝缘工具Checkcircuitsdeadbeforeworking工作前检查电路Lock&Tagsourcebreakersnotswitches锁定电器开关Ensureallcontrolpowerisde-energized确保所有的控制开关已经切断DischargeallcapacitorsafterLockout锁定后将电容放电MechanicalEnergyHazards机械能量危害2Types两种类型•Kinetic–inmotion动力的-运转的•Potential–stored潜在的-积蓄的Energyofmovingmachinerycancause运行设备的能量会导致Amputations切断Lacerations破口Fractures骨折Lossoflife丧命PotentialEnergyHazards潜在能量的危害Energystoredinmachinery设备内积蓄的能量Weights&Springs重力和弹性Pistonsunderpressure带压的活塞Hydrauliccontrols液压控制Storedpotentialenergycanbereleasedduringworkcausinginjuryordeath蓄积的潜在能量会在工作过程中释放从而导致伤害或死亡。ChemicalEnergyHazards化学能量危害Chemicalshaveenergythatcan化学品的能量会causeskinburns造成皮肤灼伤generateharmfulgasesorfumes产生有害的气体或烟雾startfires引发火灾Beforeworking–release,drainorventchemicalssafely开始工作前-释放、排空或通风ThermalEnergyHazards热能危害EnergyofHeat(andcold)热能（冷）•Hotequipment&fluidswillburnyou灼热的设备或流体会灼伤•Coldfluidscancauseinjuryalso低温流体也会导致伤害•Quickreleaseofcompressesgasescanfreezeyourskin急剧释放的压缩气体会冻伤皮肤•Allowequipmenttoreachasafetemperaturebeforestartingwork.在开始工作前确保设备达到安全温度HydraulicEnergy液压能量EnergyofLiquidsUnderPressure液压能量会pressurecancauseequipmenttomove压力会使设备运转rapidreleasecancauseinjury快速释放会造成伤害orejectionofsystemparts从系统部件中喷出Relievepressureslowlyintoapropercontainer将压力缓慢释放到适当的容器内PneumaticEnergyHazards气压危害EnergyofCompressedGases压缩气体的能量会–uncontrolledreleasecancauseinjury释放失控会造成伤害–rapidde-pressurizationcreatesextremelowtemperature急速泄压会产生低温Properlyventallsystemsbeforestartingwork在工作开始前对系统应进行适当的排空Safetycartoon:Donotlaughonly,itmaybehappenedonyourselfWhenisLockout/Tag-outrequired?什么时候要求挂牌上锁Whensomeonewillbeservicingorrepairingmachineryorequipment当有人正在维护或修理设备AND并且theunexpectedmachinerystart-uporreleaseofstoredenergycouldcauseinjury设备会意外启动或释放出蓄积的能量而导致伤害10Thepersonworkingonthissawobviouslywouldnotwantsomeoneinadvertentlystartingupthesaw.”正在修理锯子的人很明显不希望有人会不经意的启动设备ServiceandMaintenanceExamples维护示例Installing,constructing,安装adjusting,modifying,调试unjamming,cleaning,清线清洁lubrication,inspecting,检修setup-preparingfornormalfunction试机Theseactivitiesoftenrequireaworkertoplaceallorpartoftheirbodyintothemachine’shazardzone.以上作业经常使员工的身体的一部分或全部进入到