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TheAttributiveClauseTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.定语从句的构成Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Theboyisinthelab.Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.who主/宾人whom宾关whose定语系that主/宾代词which主/宾物that主/宾whose(ofwhich)定语eg:1)ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisMrBrown.2)TheboywhowesawyesterdayisJack.3)HeistheboywhoIwenttoschoolwith.1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)4)ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.5)Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.1)Themanwhomyouaregoingtovisitisafamouswriter.2)Haveyoumetthepersonwhomhewasspeakingabout?2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略)3)Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.3.Whose:指人或物,作定语,表示…的eg:1)HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathsteacher.2)Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblack.5)Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.3)Theyhelpedthemanwhosecarhadbroken.4)Helivesinthehousewhosewindowsopentosouth.4.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)eg:1)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.2)Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.3)Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?5.that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)eg:1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.3)Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.4)Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.5)Thecakes(that)Icookedweredelicious.若引导词作介词的宾语,介词可以提前构成介词+引导词的形式Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisMr.Li.注意这时引导词指人只能用whom,指物只能用which如果定语从句中的介词短语是固定搭配,则介词不能提前eg:1)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingfor.2)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingafter.3)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingat.Canyouworkthemout????????Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutaboutonfor1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepoliceA.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that定语从句中只用that,不用which的情况1.当先行词是不定代词,如all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,theone等AllTHATcanbedonehasbeendone.Ididn'twantthisrecorder;IwanttheoneTHATwasborrowedyesterday.2.先行词(指物的)前面有only,few,oneof,little,no,all,every,very等词修饰时There'snodifficultyTHATwecan'tovercome.I'vereadallthebooksTHATcanbeborrowedhere.ThisistheverymanTHATIwanttosee.3.先行词被序数词first,last,next等或形容词的最高级修饰时ThisisthefirstletterTHATI'vewritteninEnglish.SheisthemostcarefulgirlTHATI'veeverknown.4.当先行词既有人又有物时TheytalkedaboutthepeopleandplacesTHATtheyhadvisited.5.当先行词是系动词be后面表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时Shanghaiisn'tthecityTHATitusedtobe60yearsago.HeisnolongerthemanTHATheusedtobe.6.当主句是以who,which或what开头的特殊疑问句时WhoisthemanTHATiswaitingattheschoolgate?WhichisthecarTHATranoveradogyesterday?WhatdidyouseeTHATmadeyousoangry?7.当主句以Therebe…结构开头时或关系代词在therebe…结构中作义主语,先行项为物ThereisaseatinthecornerTHATisstillfree.TherearetwobooksonhistoryTHATareforyou.8.当先行词是基数词时YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.NowyoucanseethetwoTHATarestillalive.e.g.Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.b.引导非限制性定语从句时;a.引导词前有介词时;c.一个句子中若有两个定语从句,一个用that引导,另一个用which引导;只用which,不用that的情况:注:当先行词是way(方式方法)时,根据英语的习惯常用that和inwhich来引导定语从句,而且也常常省略;另外当先行词是time(次),其前面用序数词修饰时,根据英语的习惯常用that来代替forwhich来引导定语从。如:1)Thisisthefirsttime(that)weshallseeanEnglishfilm.2)Theway(that)wediditverysimple.主语宾语定语that/whothat/who(m)whosethat/which关系代词的用法小结whose指人的关系代词指物的关系代词可省略主语宾语定语that/which可省略主谓一致主谓一致关系副词When______Where______Why______时间地点原因(一般情况)可以与介词+关系代词替换When:eg:1)I’llneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIfirstwenttoBeijing.2)Isthisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum?试比较:Iwillneverforgettheyearwhichwespenttogether.Iwillneverforgettheyearinwhich\whenweworktogether.1)Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfinditwhereThisisthefactorywhichIvisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactorytowhich\whereIpaidavisit.2)Thisisthefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatheronceworked.试比较:Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn'tcometothemeeting.whyThisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonwhich\thathegavetome试比较:定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。•限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用,一般不可缺少。•非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解。e.g.Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.I’vegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetod
本文标题:定语从句上课
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