2011年高考定语从句考查热点剖析

定语从句由于具有先行词的复杂性﹑关系词的多样性以及从句中成分的多变性﹑位置的灵活性等特点,历年都是高考的重点.热点一:考查关系代词whose【高考真题】(1)That’sthenewmachine________partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山东)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.whatC(2)Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.(2010年陕西)A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose(3)Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_________dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.thatDB「考点归纳」如果关系词在定语从句中修饰名词,且作定语,不论先行词是物还是人,都用whose.在这种情况下,可用ofwhich代替whose.例如:…whosepartsaretoosmalltobeseen可用ofwhichthepartsaretoosmalltobeseen代替.〔巩固练习〕(1)IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity_________namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.(2009湖南)A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose(2)Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2008陕西)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhichDD热点二:考查关系副词where【高考真题】(1)StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_________lifehasdevelopedgradually.(2010福建)A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose(2)---CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?---Youshouldtrythebarber’s________Igo.It’sonly15.(2010天津)A.asB.whichC.whereD.thatBC考点归纳」(1)先行词表示地点,并在从句中作状语时,用where引导定语从句;先行词表示地点,但在从句中作主语﹑宾语时用which或that,作定语则用whose.(2)英语中有些特殊先行词,如:case,point,situation,occasion,activity,business等引导定语从句时,关系词常用where,相当于inwhich,在从句中作状语.〔巩固练习〕(1)Lifeislikealongrace__________wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(2009重庆)A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where(2)It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.(2009福建)A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where(3)TheScienceMuseum,_______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.(2008江苏)A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whereDDA热点三:考查which引导的非限制性定语从句【高考真题】(1)Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_________isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010全国卷I)A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that(2)Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,________turnedouttobeawisedecision.(2010四川)A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereAB考点归纳」(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which也可以指代前面整个主句.(2)根据在非限制性定语从句中所作的成分来选用关系代词或关系副词:若作主语﹑宾语或表语,就用which,who或whom;若作状语,就用when或where.(3)关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.〔巩固练习〕(1)WheneverImether,_______wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(2009山东)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that(2)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_______wasverykindofhim.(2009全国卷II)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it(3)Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,________theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.(2007全国卷I)A.thenB.thereC.whileD.whereBAD热点四:考查分割式定语从句【高考真题】(1)Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister_____shewouldstayforanhour.(2010年江西)A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what(2)I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.(2010湖南)A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which(3)InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.(2010重庆)A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.thatAAC考点归纳」(1)如果定语从句过长,为了使句子保持平衡,常将定语从句和其修饰的先行词分割开来.此时,找到定语从句的先行词是解题关键.(2)有时在定语从句中会使用插入语,如Ithink,ofcourse,believeitornot,youknow等.此时可忽略该插入语,以使定语从句的分析变得简单而容易.〔巩固练习〕(1)Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_______local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.(2009江苏卷)A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since(2)Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.(2004天津)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whichBD热点五:考查先行词为不定代词的定语从句【高考真题】Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething______wassomeoneelse’sfault.(2010全国卷II)A.whoB.thatC.asD.whatB【考点归纳】宜用that引导的定语从句如下:(1)先行词为all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时;(2)先行词既包括人又包括物时;(3)先行词前有theonly,thevery,theright,thesame等修饰时;(4)先行词前有形容词最高级\序数词修饰时;(5)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,如:Itisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.〔巩固练习〕(1)Doyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where(2)Thisistheonlymachine___________candosuchwork.A.whichB.whomC.whatD.that(3)Thisisthelongesttrain_________Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whomADB热点六:考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【高考真题】Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy______wemayreturninthenearfuture.(2010上海卷)A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich句意:风力是古老的能量来源,在不久的将来我们可能会恢复使用风力.C【考点归纳】(1)在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词指人时whom用,指物时用which.(2)介词的选取可根据该介词和先行词的固定搭配或介词和定语从句中的动词﹑形容词﹑名词等的习惯搭配来确定.(3)表示“所属关系”或”整体中的部分”时用介词of.(4)有一些动词短语不能拆开,如payattentionto,lookafter,takecareof,dependon等.〔巩固练习〕(1)Guncontrolisasubject_________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(2009陕西卷)A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich(2)Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏卷)A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat(3)Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,________NewYorkisanexample.(2008四川卷)A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichCAC热点七:考查“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句【高考真题】(1)Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_________arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.(2010江苏卷)A.thatB.itC.whatD.which(2)Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.(2010浙江卷)A.whomB.whichC.themD.thoseDA【考点归纳】(1)由“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句一样,关系代词指人时whom用,指物时用which.(2)由“名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句可转换成“whose+名词”引导的定语从句.e.g.Hehaslostthed