The-Kennedy-Family

TheKennedyFamilyIntheUnitedStates,thephraseKennedyfamilycommonlyreferstothefamilydescendingfromthemarriageoftheIrish-AmericansJosephP.Kennedy,Sr.andRoseElizabethFitzgeraldthatwasprominentinAmericanpoliticsandgovernment.TheirpoliticalinvolvementhasrevolvedaroundtheDemocraticParty.HarvardUniversityeducationshavebeencommonamongthem,andtheyhavecontributedheavilytothatuniversity'sJohnF.KennedySchoolofGovernment.Thewealth,glamourandphotogenicqualityofthefamilymembers,aswellastheirextensiveandcontinuingcommitmenttopublicservice,haselevatedthemtoiconicstatusoverthepasthalf-centuryandhasledtotheirreputationasAmerica'sRoyalFamily.Followingthe1960electionofU.S.PresidentJohnF.Kennedy,heandhistwoyoungerbrothers,RobertF.KennedyandEdwardM.Kennedy,soonallheldprominentpositionsinthefederalgovernment,andreceivedintensivepublicity,oftenemphasizingtheiryouth(relativetocomparablyinfluentialpoliticians),allure,educationandcollectivefutureinpolitics.From1947,whenJohnF.KennedywasfirstelectedtoCongress,to2011,whenPatrickJ.KennedydepartedCongress,therewasa64-yearrunofaKennedyfamilymemberholdinganelectiveofficeinWashington.Thisspansmorethanaquarterofthenation'sexistence.ThefamilyhassufferednumeroustragediesknownastheKennedycurse.TheseincludeRosemary'sfailedlobotomy,theassassinationsofbrothersJohnandRobert,thecontroversialChappaquiddickincident,andfourairplanecrashes(Joe,Jr.,Kathleen,TedandJohn,Jr.;allbutTed'swerefatal).FirstGenerationThefamilypatriarchwasPatrickJ.Kennedy(1858–1929),afirst-generationAmericanwhomarriedMaryAugustaHickey(1857–1923).HewasapoliticianinvolvedinthelocalDemocraticParty.PatrickJosephP.J.Kennedy(January14,1858–May18,1929)wasanAmericanpolitician.HewasthefatherofJosephP.Kennedy,Sr.,andpaternalgrandfathertoUnitedStatesPresidentJohnF.Kennedy,SenatorRobertF.Kennedy,andSenatorEdwardM.Kennedy.SecondGenerationJosephPatrickKennedy,Sr.(1888–1969)marriedRoseFitzgerald(1890–1995)FrancisBenedictKennedy(1891–1892)MaryLorettaKennedy(1892–1971)marriedGeorgeWilliamConnelly(1898–1971)MargaretLouiseKennedy(1898–1974)marriedCharlesJosephBurke,Sr.(1899–1967)JosephPatrickJoeKennedy,Sr.(September6,1888–November18,1969)wasaprominentAmericanbusinessman,investor,andgovernmentofficial.Kennedy,anIrishAmerican,wasthefatherofU.S.PresidentJohnF.Kennedy,UnitedStatesAttorneyGeneralandSenatorRobertF.Kennedy,UnitedStatesSenatorEdwardM.Kennedy,navalofficerJosephP.Kennedy,Jr.,SpecialOlympicsco-founderEuniceKennedyShriver,andformerU.S.AmbassadortoIrelandJeanKennedySmith;andthegrandfatherofU.S.RepresentativesJosephP.KennedyIIandPatrickJ.Kennedy.THIRDGOENERATIONTHIRDGENERATIONJosephPatrickJoeKennedy,Jr.(July25,1915–August12,1944)wasanAmericanbomberpilotduringWorldWarII.HewastheeldestofninechildrenborntoJosephPatrickKennedy,Sr.,andRoseElizabeth(néeFitzgerald)Kennedy.TheelderbrotheroffutureU.S.PresidentJohnF.Kennedy,hehadbeenexpectedtobecomethefamily'spoliticalstandard-bearer,especiallyafterhisfather'spoliticalexileforsupportingtheappeasementpolicyofNevilleChamberlainintheadventofWorldWarII.However,hewaskilledinaction,andthetaskfelltohisbrotherJohn.RoseMarieRosemaryKennedy(September13,1918–January7,2005)wasthethirdchildandfirstdaughterofRoseElizabethKennedynéeFitzgeraldandJosephPatrickKennedy,Sr.,bornlittlemorethanayearafterherbrother,futureU.S.PresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Sheunderwentaprefrontallobotomy(脑前额叶切断术)atage23,whichleftherpermanentlyincapacitated.EuniceKennedyShriver,DSG(July10,1921–August11,2009)amemberoftheKennedyfamily,sistertoPresidentJ.F.K.andSenatorsR.F.KennedyandEdward,wasthefounderin1962ofCampShriver,andin1968,theSpecialOlympics.Herhusband,RobertSargentShriver,Jr.,wasUnitedStatesAmbassadortoFrance,thefounderofthePeaceCorps(美国和平部队)andtheDemocraticvicepresidentialcandidateinthe1972U.S.presidentialelection.Theirdaughter,MariaShriver,wasmarriedtoactorandformerCaliforniaGovernorArnoldSchwarzenegger.PatriciaPatKennedyLawford(May6,1924–September17,2006)wasanAmericansocialiteandthesixthofninechildrenofJosephP.Kennedy,Sr.Consideredthemostsophisticated,yetalsothemostintroverted,ofherparents'fivedaughters,PatsincechildhoodhadafascinationwithtravelandHollywood.Sheintimewouldbecomeaworldtraveler,somuchsothatasayounggirlshewasgivenassignmentsbytheindependentandforeignpresstowriteofhertravels.HerongoingfascinationwithHollywoodwasfueledbyherfather'sstoriesandadventuresthereasamoviemogulheadingRKOPictures(雷电华电影公司).AftergraduatingfromRosemontCollege,shemovedtoHollywoodinhopesofbecomingamovieproduceranddirectorlikeherfatherwas.RobertFrancisBobbyKennedy(November20,1925–June6,1968),aDemocraticsenatorfromNewYork,andanotedcivilrightsactivist.AniconofmodernAmericanliberalismandmemberoftheKennedyfamily,hewasayoungerbrotherofPresidentJohnF.Kennedyandactedasoneofhisadvisorsduringhispresidency.From1961to1964,hewastheU.S.AttorneyGeneral.InMarch1968,Kennedybeganacampaignforthepresidencyandwasafront-runningcandidateoftheDemocraticParty.IntheCaliforniapresidentialprimaryonJune4,KennedydefeatedEugeneMcCarthy,aU.S.SenatorfromMinnesota.Followingabriefvicto