基于MATLAB的异步电机特性仿真

*****大学毕业设计（论文）说明书摘要异步电动机以其结构简单、运行可靠、效率较高、成本较低等特点，在日常生活中得到广泛的使用。目前，电动机控制系统在追求更高的控制精度的基础上变得越来越复杂，而仿真是对其进行研究的一个重要手段。MATLAB是一个高级的数学分析和运算软件，可用动作系统的建模和仿真。在分析三相异步电动机物理和数学模型的基础上，应用MATLAB软件简历了相对应的仿真模型；在加入相同的三相电压和转矩的条件下，使用实际电机参数，与MALAB给定的电机模型进行了对比仿真。全论文分为六个部分，第一章对异步电机的应用发展做出了相关的描述，第二章对MATLAB仿真软件做了一定的介绍，从第三章到第六章则是对异步电动机的机械特性、启动、调速、制动进行理论分析和仿真模拟以及仿真结果的分析。经分析后，表明模型的搭建是合理的。因此，本设计将结合MATLAB的特点，对三相异步电机进行建模和仿真，并通过实际的电动机参数，对建立的模型进行了验证。关键词：异步电机数学模型MATLAB仿真*****大学毕业设计（论文）说明书AbstractAsynchronousmotorwithitssimplestructure,reliableoperation,highefficiency,lowcost,ineverydaylifearewidelyused.Atpresent,themotorcontrolsysteminpursuitofhighercontrolprecisiononthebasisofbecomesmoreandmorecomplex,anditssimulationisanimportanttoolinthestudyof.TheMATLABisanadvancedmathematicalanalysisandcalculationsoftware,availableactionsystemmodelingandsimulation.Ontheanalysisofthephysicsmodelandmathematicsmodelofthree-phaseasynchronousmotorbasedonMATLABsoftwareapplication,resumethecorrespondingsimulationmodel;inadditionthesamethree-phasevoltageandtorqueconditions,usingtheactualmotorparameters,andMALABgivenmotormodelwerecomparedwithsimulation.Thewholethesisisdividedintosixparts,thefirstchapteroftheasynchronousmotorapplicationdevelopmentofthecorrespondingdescription,thesecondchapteroftheMATLABsimulationsoftwaretobeintroduced,fromthethirdchaptertothesixthchapterisonthemechanicalcharacteristicsofasynchronousmotors,speedcontrol,brake,startbytheoryanalysisandsimulationandthesimulationresultsanalysisof.Afteranalysis,showthatthemodelbuiltisreasonable.Therefore,thedesignwillbebasedonthecharacteristicsofMATLAB,thethree-phaseasynchronousmotormodelingandsimulation,andthroughtheactualparametersofthemotor,themodelisvalidated.Keywords:asynchronousmotor.mathematicalmodel.simulationofMATLAB*****大学毕业设计（论文）说明书目录摘要引言......................................................................11异步电动机的概述........................................................21.1异步电动机的用途及分类............................................21.2异步电动机的主要性能指标..........................................21.3异步动电机的基本工作原理和运行特性................................31.3.1基本工作原理.................................................31.3.2三相异步电动机的工作特性.....................................32软件介绍及模型实现......................................................52.1MATLAB简介........................................................52.2MATLAB中的SIMULINK仿真模块的使用.................................62.3模型实现..........................................................73三相异步电机机械特性的仿真..............................................83.1机械特性的表达式..................................................83.1.1物理表达式...................................................83.1.2参数表达式...................................................93.2固有机械特性与人为机械特性........................................93.3基于MATLAB的异步电机机械特性仿真................................113.3.1模型设计....................................................113.3.2参数设置....................................................133.3.3仿真结果....................................................154异步电机启动特性仿真...................................................164.1起动理论分析.....................................................164.2起动的基本要求...................................................164.3笼型异步电动机的起动方式.........................................174.3.1直接起动....................................................174.3.2降压起动....................................................184.3.3定子绕组串电阻或串电抗降压起动..............................184.3.4自耦变压器降压起动..........................................204.3.5星形-三角形（Ｙ-△）降压起动................................224.3.6延边三角形降压起动..........................................234.4笼型异步电动机的MATLAB仿真......................................24*****大学毕业设计（论文）说明书4.4.1异步电动机直接起动仿真......................................244.4.2异步电动机定子串电抗起动仿真................................264.4.3异步电动机自耦变压器降压起动仿真............................294.4.4异步电动机变频起动仿真......................................305异步电机调速特性仿真...................................................335.1变极调速.........................................................335.1.1变极原理....................................................335.1.2变极调速仿真................................................345.2变频调速.........................................................355.2.1变频调速原理及其机械特性....................................355.2.2基频以下变频调速............................................355.2.3基频以上变频调速............................................365.2.4变频调速仿真................................................365.3调压调速.........................................................386三相异步电动机的制动特性仿真...........................................406.1三相异步电动机的能耗制动.........................................406.1.1三相异步电动机的能耗制动特性................................406.1.2三相异步电动机能耗制动仿真模型..............................416.2三相异步电动机的反接制动和回馈制动...............................426.2.1反接制动....................................................426.2.2回馈制动....................................................446.2.3反接制动和回馈制动仿真......................................457结论..............