基于天然气泄漏的危害性分析及应用

24120093JOURNALOFCATASTROPHOLOGYVol124No11Mar12009*骆正山,王小完(,710055):,,,,Pasquil-Gifford,,,,,,:;;;:TE88:A:1000-811X(2009)01-0097-040,,56[1]:,,,,:,,(),1111,,,,,)))(Pasquil-Gifford)(1)(2)[2]C(x,y,z,t)=2QPRyRzuexp-y22Ry2-z22Rz2,(1):C(x,y,z),,(x,y,z)(kg/m3);Q(kg/s);u(m/s);x,y,z(m);RyRzc(x,y,z,t)=2Q*(2P)3/2RxRyRzexp-(x-ut)22Rx2-y22Ry2-z22Rz2,(2):c(x,y,z,t),(x,y,z)t(kg/m3);Q*(kg);Rxx,5*:2008-07-02:(2005F38):(1969-),,,,,,1E2mai:lluozhengshan@1631com1246(GB3840-91)B)))56:Ry=C1@xA1,Rz=C2@xA2,(3):C1,C2;A1,A2,,:Ry*=Ry(t/600)012,Rx=Ry,(4)Rz112,25e,511%,15136%013m/s(),510m/s()1,1,,,,2,[3-5](),,211,,104,,,,HustadSoniu(5)HDcTAv2gDc012,(5):H(m);Dc(m);A,21;g(g=9181m/s2);v(m/s),(5),2[7]:2H=94-116RV-35RV;AB=94-111RV-35RV(6)W1DS=49-0122RV-380RV+950R2V;W2DS=80-0157RV-570RV+1470R2V;LBVDS=6+2135RV+20RV;L=LBV-acosH;(7)RV=UaUj,DS=djQjQa,:L(m);W1W2(m);H;AB;DS(m);dj(m);UA(m/s);Uj(m/s);Qj(kg/m3);QA981,:(kg/m3);A(m)212,,,,,,,TNT,TNT:WTNT=AWfHcQTNT,(8):WTNTTNT(kg);ATNT,0102%~1419%;Wf(kg);Hc(kJ/kg);Hc=5156@107J/kg;QTNTTNT,QTNT=(4112~4169@103)kJ/kg,[8]:R015=1316WTNT10000137,(9):R015015(m)015R015,Rd015Rd015015,44kPa:Ps=(1+011567Z1-3)@105,Ps5@105;Ps=(01137Z1-3+01119Z1-2+01269Z1-1-01091)@105,Ps5@105;:Z1=R#(Pa/E)1/3;R(m);Pa(MPa);E(kJ)Rd015,Rd0101Rd01010101,17kPa,Rd0101,3311,,:I=EFS,(10):E(kW/m2);F;S,:E=fQHc,(11)I=ES4Pr2,(12):f,012;r(m);312,(dose)dose=t#I4/3,(13):t(s);I(kW/m2),(1):1kw/m2/m37151%/10sR1=21847Qm25,/10sR2=31520Qm1215,,1/10sR3=41978Qm41020sR4=81799Qm116R5=131913Qm313,$p,,,2,-,,:9924(Ps-816@103)(is-22413)=812@105,(14):Ps()(Pa);is(Pa#s);2/011MPa/m215R1=015483MTNT115,R2=017003MTNT0125R3=116483MTNT0106R4=217283MTNT4,,,,,33[9]5~10min/%015~1h/%5~10min/%NH4015--C120109010035~01005010014~010021SO2010501053~0106501015~01019CHN0102701011~010140101H2S0108~101042~010601036~0105NO2010501032~0105301011~01021,H2S0108%,Vg(m3):V=Vg/C=1250Vg(15),:R=3V015@3/4P=3Vg210944C,(16):R(m);Vg(m3);C(%)5,Pasquil-Gifford,;,,:,,:[1]CCPS1989.GuidelinesforChemicalProcessQuantitativeRiskA2nalysis[R].CenterforChemicalProcessSafetyoftheAmericanInstituteforChemicalEngineers,N.Y.[2],.[M].:,2004:78-85.[3],,,.[M].:,1999.[4],.[J].,2001,23(1):19-22.[5].[J].,2000,26(4):81-83.[6]NessimMA,StephensMJ.Piramidtechnicalreferencemanusl[Z].2001.[7]KalghatgiGT.Thevisibleshapeandsizeofaturbulenthydrocar2bonjetdiffusionflameinacross-wind[J].CombFlames,1983,(52):91-106.[8],,.[M].:,2000.[9].[M].:,1994.[10]R.Merrifield&T.A.RobertsThermalradiationhazardsandsep2arationdistancesforindustrialcellulosenitrate[J].J.LossPrev,ProcessInd,1992,5(5):54-61.[11]S.E.RonniePredictionofconsequenceofaccidentalreleasesfromliquidpipelines[C]//ProceedingsofIPC2004internationalpipelineconferenceCalgary,Alberta,Canada.[12].(GB3840-91),B[S].1991.[13],,,.[J].,2008,23(3):80-84.(116)10024[8].[M].:,1998.[9].[M].:,2000.[10].)))[J].,2003,(2):18-20.[11],.[J].,1995,4(4):23-26.[12],,.[J].,1999,(1):102-106.[13],.[J].,1999,14(1):91-86.AnOverviewonInfluenceofNaturalDisastertoEconomicGrowthZhouXuxia(PartySchoolofthePartyCommitteeofHangzhou,Hangzhou,Zhejiang310002,China)Abstrac:tWhatinfluencesdonaturaldisastersresultintotheeconomicgrowth?Howtoensurethesustainableeconomicgrowthundertheconditionoffrequentdisasterstoday?Inthispaper,theresearchresultsandthemainviewpointsathomeandabroadaresummarized.Theresultsshowthatboththepositiveeffectsandthenegativeeffectsofdisasterontheeconomicgrowthexis.tThepost2disastereconomicgrowthisdecidedbythesocialenvironmentofdisasterareas,economicenvironmentandpublicpolicies.Finally,thefutureresearchtrendisanalyzedandsomeproblemsdemandingpromptsolutionsolvedareputforward.Keywords:naturaldisaster;economicgrowth;influences(100)AnalysisandApplixationoftheSevereHazardCausedbyGasLeakingLuoZhengshanandWangXiaowan(SchoolofManagement,XipanUniversityofArchitecture&Technology,Xipan710055,China)Abstrac:tInrecentyears,thefrequentoccurrenceofgasleakingofthedeliverypipeshasthreatenedthesafetyofgaspipelineoperationandbroughtaboutgreatlosstothenationaleconomyandpeoplepslifeandproperty.Intermsoftheintrinsicfeaturesofnaturalgas,thispaperanalyzestheformsinwhichgasleakingmayoccurbyusingPasquil2Giffordmode.lWaysofcountingtherangeanddegreeofgas2leakingaregivenbyestablishingmodelsaccordingtothespreadofgas,thediameterofflameandtheradiusofexplosion,aimingatfacilitatingthepeopleinvolvedtoestimatetherangeanddegreeofthegas2leakingsoastominimizethedamagetohumanbeingsandtheenvironmen.tFinally,theaftermathofgasleakingisevaluated.Keywords:gasleaking;hazard;calculationmode;levaluationofaftermath116