Desire-Under-The-Elms-(榆树下的欲望)学生自主上课

DesireUnderTheElms(榆树下的欲望)EugeneO'Neil（尤金·奥尼尔）Contents1.Introductionoftheauthor2.Introductionofthedrama3.Analysisofmajorcharacters4.Thethemeofthedrama5.TheinfluenceaboutDesireUndertheElms1.IntroductionoftheauthorEugeneO’Neil(1888-1953)HisLifeandWritingCareerAmerica'sgreatestplaywrightWonthePulitzerPrizefourtimes，theonlydramatistevertowinaNobelPrize(1936)FounderoftheAmericandramaBorninNewYorkonOctober16,1888intoatheatricalfamilyReceiveduniversityeducationforoneyearandlatertraveledallovertheworldIn1914,heattendedProfessorGeorgePierceBaker'sdramaworkshopatHarvard1.IntroductionoftheauthorHisMajorPlaysAsadramatist,O'Neillwroteandpublishedaboutforty-nineplaysBoundEastforCardiff东航加迪夫(1916)BeyondtheHorizon天边外TheStraw草(1921)andAnnaChristie安娜·克里斯蒂(1921)Achievementsinsymbolicexpressionism:TheEmperorJones琼斯皇(1920),TheHairyApe毛猿(1922),AllGod'sChillunGotWings上帝的儿女都有翅膀(1924),andDesireUndertheElms榆树下的欲望(1924)TheGreatGodBrown大神布朗(1926)LazarusLaughed拉撤路笑了(1927)StrangeInterlude奇异的插曲(1928)TheIcemanCometh送冰人来了(1946)LongDay'sJourneyIntoNight长夜漫漫路迢迢(1956)1.IntroductionoftheauthorO'Neill'sExperimentationsinDramaticArtO'Neill'sinventivenessseeminglyknewnolimits.Hewasconstantlyexperimentingwithnewstylesandformsforhisplays.(1)HeintroducedtherealisticoreventhenaturalisticaspectoflifeintotheAmericantheater.(2)Heborrowedfreelyfrommodernliterarytechniquessuchasthestream-of-consciousnessdevicewiththehelpofwhichhemanagedtorevealtheemotionalandpsychologicalcomplexitiesofmodernman.(3)Astohislanguage,O'Neillfrequentlywrotethelinesindialect,orspelledwordsinwayswhichindicateaparticularaccentormannerofspeech.2.IntroductionofthedramaDesireUndertheElmsisaplaybyEugeneO'Neill,publishedin1924,andisnowconsideredanAmericanclassic.AlongwithMourningBecomesElectra,itrepresentsoneofO'Neill'sattemptstoplaceplotelementsandthemesofGreektragedyinaruralNewEnglandsetting.2.IntroductionofthedramaAbbiekillsthebabyP&SgotoCaliforniaTheyreturnTheyfacetheirjudgementtogether2.Introductionofthedrama2.Introductionofthedrama2.Introductionofthedrama3.AnalysisofmajorcharactersTwenty-five,tallandsinewy.Blackhair,mustache,athincurlytraceofbeard.Hisfaceiswell-formed,good-looking,butitsexpressionisresentfulanddefensive.Hisdefiant,darkeyesremindoneofawildanimal'sincaptivity.Dressedinroughfarmclothes.3.AnalysisofmajorcharactersSeventy-five,tallandgaunt,withgreat,wiry,concentratedpower,butstoop-shoulderedfromtoil.Hisfaceisashardasifitwerehewnoutofaboulder.Hiseyesaresmall,closetogether.DressedinhisdismalblackSundaysuit.3.AnalysisofmajorcharactersTallmen,mucholderthantheirhalf-brother[Simeonisthirty-nineandPeterthirty-seven].Farmworker.Theyclumpheavilyalongintheirclumsythick-soledbootscakedwithearth.Theirclothes,theirfaces,hands,barearmsandthroatsareearth-stained.Theysmellofearth.3.AnalysisofmajorcharactersThirty-five,buxom,fullofvitality.Herroundfaceisprettybutmarredbyitsrathergrosssensuality.Thereisstrengthandobstinacyinherjaw,aharddeterminationinhereyes,andaboutherwholepersonalitythesameunsettled,untamed,desperatequalitywhichissoapparentinEben.4.ThethemeofthedramaTheplayusesancientGreekthemesofmurderandfatefulretributuionuponthesinners.JustasfateleadstoaGreektragedy,theemotionalforcesofsuchhumandesiresasjealousy,resentment,lust,andincestuousloveresultinthefataltragedyinDesireUndertheElms.4.ThethemeofthedramaDesireforwealthmakespeoplelosebalanceofahealthymindInthisdrama,everycharacterappearingonthestageshowsadesireforwealth.CabotisatypicalrepresentativeofPuritans.Hewasselfish,cheap,cruelandhard.Hegotpropertiesthroughhismarriageandforcedhistwoex-wivestoworkextremelyharduntiltheywereabusedtodeath.DesireforwealthdroveSimeonandPetertoCalifornia.4.ThethemeofthedramaItalsodroveAbbietomarryCabot,aratheroldman,sothatshecangetCabot’sproperty.Itisfromherdesirethatallthetragedybegin.Evenanunrelatedpersonlikethesheriffdesiredtopossessthefarm!Hesays,“It’sajim-dandyfarm,nodenyin’.WishedIownedit!”Itisfunny,butthereliessomethingnotsolightheartedbehindit.Thebitternessandsarcasmcanbesensedbysensitivereaders.Thatis,itishumannaturetodesireforwealth.5.TheinfluenceaboutDesireUndertheElmsDesireUndertheElmsisa1958Americanfilmversionofthe1924playDesireUndertheElmswrittenbyEugeneO'Neill.ThefilmwasdirectedbyDelbertMannfromascreenplaybyO'NeillandIrwinShaw.ThefilmwasnominatedforBestBlackandWhiteCinematography(DanielL.Fapp)attheAcademyAwardsandLaurelAwardsin1959.Itwasalsoenteredintothe1958CannesFilmFestival.5.TheinfluenceaboutDesireUndertheElmsIntheLightofStrindberg’sInfluence,MurrayHartmanalsosawstrongparallelsbetweenDesireUndertheElmsandtheworkofAugustStrindberg,writingAtanyrate,thereishardlyaplotelementintheplaythatcannotbetracedtooneormoresourcesinStrindberg.“Specifically,hepointsoutverysimilarlyconfusedrelationshipswiththewriters'respectivemothersandcontentiousrelationshipswiththeirfathers.ThiscanbeseeninDesireundertheElmsthroughEben'sopinionthatEphraimworkedhismothertodeathandlargelydrivestheplot.GroupMembersIntroductionoftheauthor——绕良英Introductionofthedrama——陈冠楠Analysisofmajorcharacters——李兴、李扬Thethemeof