作者态度观点

如何判断阅读中作者的观点态度观点态度题是阅读理解中的一种重要题型，主要考查考生对文章中作者态度的辨别。作者态度大致分为三种：•（1）支持或赞同；•（2）中立或客观；•（3）怀疑、批评或反对。1.题型简介•Whatistheauthor’sopinionof...?•Whatseemstobetheauthor’sattitudetoward...?•Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowards...?2.常见题干（1）寻找作者直接评价的语句或者表达感情色彩的形容词、动词及副词；（2）熟悉下列常用词汇表述：•positive肯定的negative否定的•neutral中立的indifferent漠不关心的•objective客观的subjective主观的•opposite相反的favorable赞同的•partial/biased偏见的prejudicedadj.有偏见的impartial/fair公正的matter-of-fact实事求是的unprejudicedadj.没有偏见的•suspecting/suspicious/doubtful怀疑的3.答题方法一、赞同positiveadj.肯定的,实际的,积极的,,确实的favorableadj.赞成的,有利的,赞许的,良好的approvaln.赞成,承认,正式批准enthusiasmn.狂热,热心,积极性supportiveadj.支持的，支援的defensive为……而辩护词汇汇总二、否定negativeadj.否定的,消极的,负的,阴性的disapproval不赞成objection异议opposition反对critical批评的criticism批评、批判disgusting令人厌恶的；让人无法接受的compromisingn.妥协,折衷v.妥协,折衷worriedadj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的词汇汇总三、怀疑suspicionn.猜疑,怀疑suspiciousadj.(～of)可疑的,怀疑的doubtdoubtfuladj.可疑的,不确的,疑心的questionpuzzlingadj.使迷惑的,使莫明其妙的词汇汇总四、客观(即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大)objectiveadj.客观的neutraladj.中立的impartialadj.公平的,不偏不倚的disinterestedadj.无私的unbiasedadj.没有偏见的unprejudicedadj.公平的,无偏见的,没有成见的detached不含个人偏见的词汇汇总五、主观subjective主观的ironic讽刺的tolerance宽容，容忍pessimism悲观optimistic乐观的sensitive敏感的scared恐惧的reserved矜持的radical激进的moderate中等的,适度的gloomy阴郁的confused困惑的amazed吃惊的concerned关心的mixed混合的；混杂的consentvi.同意,赞成,答应n.同意,赞成,允诺mild温和的,温柔的,淡味的,轻微的,适度的词汇汇总六、积极objective客观的concerned关注的confidentadj.自信的,确信的interestedadj.感兴趣的optimisticadj.乐观的positive正面的impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的词汇汇总七、中立/折中impartial公平的,不偏不倚的neutral中立的impersonal非个人的factual事实的,实际的,根据事实的detached不含个人偏见的词汇汇总八、一般不是正确选项的词（消极）negative消极的indifferent漠不关心的depressed消沉的subjective主观的pessimistic悲观的unconcerned不关心的contemptuousadj.轻蔑的,侮辱的hostileadj.敌对的,敌方的biased片面的词汇汇总说明文中作者的态度常用objective客观的neutral中立的议论文常用positive积极的negative消极的neutral中立的approval赞成的disapproval不赞成的indifferent漠不关心sarcastic讽刺的critical批评的optimistic乐观的pessimistic悲观的（1）不要加入自己的态度，要注意区分考查的是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度；问文中某人对某事物的态度一般归入事实细节题。（2）当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要根据作者在文章中所用的具有褒贬含义的词语去判断其态度，如：wonderfully,successfully,unfortunately,doubtfully等。4.注意事项(3)选项可能不是态度明确的肯定或否定的形容词，而改为带有程度限制的形容词。•一般带有绝对化或过于强烈的表示态度的词往往是错误选项,如:complete/entire等。•而有保留的态度比较客观，因此常常是正确选项。•某一事物是好是坏。作者对它是支持还是反对，态度都非常明确，而带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。•问作者对某事物的态度时，表示“客观”的词多为正确选项，如：objective,impartial,unbiased等;•问作者对其提到的人们的观点的态度时，答案只能是肯定或否定，支持或反对。如：critical,approval,opposition,supporting等。•既然写了文章，作者的态度就不可能漠不关心，因此见到indifferent，uninterested这类词一般可以首先排除。5.技巧点拨•文章陈述的内容并非都是作者的观点。作者引用别人的观点时，是作为支持或抨击的对象，因此别人的观点是为了证明作者观点的论据。•作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联。Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It’snowa“globalvillage”wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Q:Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?A.Critical.B.Prejudiced.C.Indifferent.D.Positive.D通过原文出现的短语tobenefitfrom（受益于……）可以迅速判断出作者的态度应当是“赞成、肯定的”。Example1D.Positive.Theexistenceoftheso-called“haloeffect”haslongbeenrecognized.ItisthephenomenonwherebyweassumethatbecausepeoplearegoodatdoingAtheywillbegoodatdoingB,CandD(orviceversa—becausetheyarebadatdoingAtheywillbebadatdoingB,CandD).ThephrasewasfirstcoinedbyEdwardThorndike,apsychologistwhouseditinastudypublishedin1920todescribethewaythatcommandingofficersratedtheirsoldiers.Laterworkonthehaloeffectsuggestedthatitwashighlyinfluencedbythefirstimpression.Ifweseeapersonfirstinagoodlight,itisdifficultsubsequentlytodarkenthatlight.Thisisusedbyadvertiserswhopayheroicactorsandbeautifulactressestopromoteproductsinwhichtheyhaveabsolutelynoexpertise(专门技能/知识).Whatseemstobetheauthor’sattitudetowardthe“haloeffect”usedbyadvertisers?A.ApprovalB.DisapprovalC.NeutralD.IndifferentExample2B.Disappoval答案及解析B通过题干可知该题属于观点态度题，涉及的是作者对advertiser利用haloeffect的看法，通过第二段中advertiserswhopayheroicactors...inwhichtheyhaveabsolutelynoexpertise，特别是划线部分的内容“他们对此完全不具有专业知识”可推断作者对此是不赞同的。UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeathprobablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera“coolingoff”periodofsevendays,thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.“I’mnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI’dgo,becauseI’vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,”hesays.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethatof_______.A.oppositionB.suspicionC.approvalD.indifferenceExample3C.approval答案及解析C作者通过livingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering这一肯定性词语表达出自己的态度是approval。Practice《零距离》第5课时：P137-140【典题导引】（ABC）【随堂反馈】（AB）Homework《零距离》第5课时：（P141-143）【课后巩固】（ABC）