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轻钢住宅结构大解析,一文秒懂传统结构无法相比的优越性能LightSteelHouseStructureAnalysis,helpingyouunderstanditsadvantageswhichtraditionalstructurecannotcompareto传统的砖混结构是由红砖一块一块砌筑而成,硬度虽然很大,但韧性较差,抗震能力低;而轻钢结构建筑,以轻钢结构龙骨作为承重结构,从墙面系统、楼面系统及屋顶结构等系统到各种配套材料,充分展示了建筑节能的最新技术,比之传统结构,有着无法相比的优越性能。这种结构建筑到底有多优越,我们一起去看看吧!Thetraditionalbrickmasonrystructureisconstructedbyredbrickblockbyblock.Althoughitisveryhard,ithaspoortenacityandlowseismiccapacity.Whilelightsteelstructureuseslight-steelkeelasbearingstructureandfromwalls,floorandroofstructuretoallsupportingmaterialsitfullydemonstratethelatesttechnologyofenergy-efficiencyconstruction.Comparedtotraditionalstructure,ithasanincomparablesuperiority.Sohowsuperioritisonearth?Letustakealookatit.(1)轻质楼面系统LightWeightFloorSystem其楼盖由冷弯薄壁C型钢楼面梁与铺于楼面梁上的结构面板组成。楼面梁一般跨度为3.6m~6.0m,楼面梁高为200~300mm,楼面梁间距为600毫米。楼面梁腹板上预开孔,这样对于管线的穿越与布置极为方便。结构面板通常采用定向刨花板;也可以选择在定向刨花板上再浇筑40mm的细石混凝土。轻质楼盖根据不同的设计要求,每平方米可承受最大500公斤的荷载。Thefloorsystemiscomposedofcold-curvedthinCsteelfloorbeamandastructuralslabonthefloor.Thenormalspanoffloorbeamis3.6m-6.0m,theheightoffloorbeamis200-300mm,andthewidthofthefloorbeamis600mm.Preopeningonfloorbeamwebisconvenientforpipelinecrossingandlayout.ThestructuralslabusuallyusesOSB(OrientedStrandBoard);40mmfineconcretecanalsobecastedtoOSB.Basedondifferentdesignrequirements,thelightweightfloorcanbear500kgpersquaremeteratmost.(2)墙体结构WallStructure承重墙由立柱、顶导梁和底导梁、支撑、墙体结构面板组成。立柱为C形轻钢构件,其壁厚根据所受的荷载而定,通常为0.75~2mm,立柱间距一般为400~600mm,立柱的下端为开口朝上的底导梁,立柱上端为开口向下的顶导梁;为提高墙柱的稳定性,一般墙柱高度范围内设1~2道水平钢拉条或撑杆。这种墙体结构布置方式,可有效承受并可靠传递竖向荷载,且布置方便。Load-bearingwalliscomposedofcolumn,topbeam,bottombeam,supportandwallstructurepanel.ThecolumnisofC-shapedlightsteelstructureanditswallthicknessisdeterminedbytheload,normally0.75-2mm.Thedistancebetweencolumnsis400-600mm.Thelowerendofthecolumnisbottombeamwithanupsideopeningandthetopofthecolumnistopbeamwithadownwardopening;Inordertoenhancethestabilityofthewallcolumn,thereareusually1-2horizontalsteelbraceorsupportpoleswithinheightofwallcolumn.Thiskindoflayoutcouldeffectivelybearandreliablypassverticalloadandisquiteconvenientforsetting.为抵抗水平风荷载与地震作用,轻钢结构住宅体系中抗侧力体系、抗剪墙可采用墙体结构面板、交叉支撑或K型支撑形式。用作抗剪墙的结构面板可采用定向刨花板、石膏板、水泥纤维板及薄钢板。上下楼层之间通过连接件可靠连接,以有效传递水平剪力与和上拔力。Toresisthorizontalwindloadandearthquake,thelateralloadresistingsystemandshearwallinthelightweightsteelstructurecanadoptwallstructurepanel,crosssupportorK-shapesupport.ThestructuralslabforshearwallcoulduseOSB,plasterboard,fibercementboardandsheetsteel.Theupperandlowerarejoinedtogetherthroughareliableconnectionsoastoeffectivelypassthehorizontalshearforceandupliftforce.(3)屋面结构RoofStructure屋面结构采用轻钢桁架的方式作为屋面的主要承重结构。屋面桁架的间距根据屋面荷载的不同可以按照300~1200mm布置。屋面桁架上部可以用轻型的檩条,檩条跨度最大可以做到1800mm。屋面的围护可以根据客户的需求采用传统的水泥瓦、陶瓦,或者是时尚的多彩沥青瓦或颜色丰富的金属屋面板。由于整个屋面系统都是空间桁架,重庆钢结构公司整个屋面的保温隔热都可以集成到斜屋面和平吊顶两部分,中间的空间可以通风,让整个建筑更加透气,成为可以呼吸的房屋。Theroofstructureadoptslightsteeltrussasmainloadbearingstructureoftheroof.Thedistancebetweenthetrussesisusually300-1200mmbasedontheroof’sload.Theupperpartofthetrusscanuselightpurlineandthelargestspanofthepurlinecanreach1800mm.Theroofenclosurecanusetraditionalcementtile,ceramictile,orcolorfulasphaltshinglesorcolorfulmetalroofpanel.Becausethewholeroofsystemisspacetruss.TheheatpreservationandheatinsulationofChongqingsteelstructurecompany’sroofcanbeintegratedintopitchedroofandflatceiling.Thespaceinthemiddleisforventilationtomakethewholebuildingmoreventilatedandmakethebuildingahousethatcanbreathe.防腐蚀性能CorrosionResistancePerformance由于我国幅员辽阔,建筑材料需要满足各个地区、各种环境的要求。参照国家颁布的标准,对于高腐蚀性地区或特殊建筑物,镀锌量应不低于275g/㎡(双面)或镀铝锌150g/㎡(双面),并应满足现行国家或行业标准的规定。这一规定与澳洲的规定一致。根据博思格钢铁澳洲研发中心的研究数据分析,镀锌钢板和镀铝锌钢板作为结构使用与暴露在建筑外部,镀层消耗的速度会有很大的差别。即使在同一个建筑物内部,由于建筑各部分密封效果各不相同,造成大气腐蚀环境的不一致。由于镀铝锌镀层表面有铝和锌两种材料,铝更加容易被腐蚀,产生极其致密的AL2O3,这些铝的氧化物覆盖在钢板表层,更好地隔绝了镀层钢板与外界腐蚀环境的接触。因此镀铝锌层在室内环境中的预测寿命远远长于我们要求的结构寿命,可达到200年以上;即使在通风环境很不好的板材之间,预测寿命也能达到75年。Sinceourcountryispopulatedandlarge,constructionmaterialneedstosatisfyrequirementsofvariousareasandenvironment.Accordingtostandardissuedbythestate,forhighlycorrosiveregionorspecialbuildings,massofZncoatshouldnotbelessthan275g/㎡(twosides)orgalvalume150g/㎡(twosides),andshouldfollowprovisionsofexistingnationalorindustrystandards.ThisprovisionisconsistentwithAustralia’s.AccordingtoresearchdataanalysisofBlueScopeR&DCenterofAustralia,theconsumptionspeedofgalvanizedsteelplateandaluminiumzincsteelplatecoatforbeingusedasstructureandbeingexposedtoexteriorbuildingisquitedifferent.Evenwithinthesamebuilding,differentsealingeffectsofeachpartofthebuildingresultindifferentatmospherecorrosionenvironment.Sincetherearetwomaterials-zincandaluminumoncoatingsurfaceofGalvalume,andaluminumiseasiertocorrodeandproduceextremelydenseAL203.Thesealuminumoxidecoveronthesurfaceofthesteeltobettercutoffcoatedsteel’scontactwithoutsidecorrosiveenvironment.Thereforethepredictedlifeofgalvalumeintheindoorenvironmentismuchlongerthatwhatwerequireforthestructurewhichreachesmorethan200years;Evenbetweenpoorplyventilatedplates,thelifeexpectancycanreach75years.节能降耗性能EnergyEfficiencyPerformance根据对轻钢结构住宅与传统住宅形式的节能降耗性能的比较,能够明显地看出轻钢结构住宅的优势。技术经济指标主要
本文标题:轻钢住宅结构大解析中英文
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