高级英语第一册修辞总结

¸ß¼¶Ó¢Óï¿ÎÎÄÐÞ´Ç×ܽᣨ1-7¿Î£©µÚÒ»¿ÎFacetoFaceWithHurricaneCamilleSimile:¡¡¡¡1.Thechildrenwentfromadulttoadultlikebucketsinafirebrigade.(comparingthepassingofchildrentothepassingofbucketsofwaterinafirebrigadewhenfightingafire)¡¡¡¡2.Thewindsoundedliketheroarofatrainpassingafewyardsaway.(comparingthesoundofthewindtotheroarofapassingtrain)Metaphor:¡¡¡¡1.Wecanbattendownandrideitout.(comparingthehouseinahurricanetoashipfightingastormatsea)¡¡¡¡2.Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse.(Strongwindandrainwaslashingthehouseasifwithawhip.)Personification:¡¡¡¡1.Amomentlater,thehurricane,inonemightyswipe,liftedtheentireroofoffthehouseandskimmedit40feetthroughtheair.(Thehurricaneactedasaverystrongpersonliftingsomethingheavyandthrowingitthroughtheair.)¡¡¡¡2.Itseizeda600,000-gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpedit31/2milesaway.(Thehurricaneactedasaverystrongmanliftingsomethingveryheavyanddumpingit31/2milesaway.).¢û.¡¡¡¡Ellipticalandshortsimplesentencesgenerallyincreasethetempoandspeedoftheactionsbeingdescribed.Henceinadramaticnarrationtheyservetoheightentensionandhelpcreateasenseofdangerandurgency.Forexamplesseethetext,paragraphs10-18and21-26.Lesson2Hiroshima¡ªthe¡°Liveliest¡±CityinJapan¡°Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters¡±.(anticlimax)¡­asthefastesttrainintheworldslippedtoastop...¡­wherethousandsuponthousandsofpeoplehadbeenslaininonesecond,wherethousandsuponthousandsofothershadlingeredontodieinslowagony.Atlastthisintermezzocametoanend¡­Butlatermyhairbegantofallout,andmybellyturnedtowater.Ifeltsick,andeversincethentheyhavebeentestingandtreatingme.(alliteration)EachdaythatIescapedeath,eachdayofsufferingthathelpstofreemefromearthlycares,Imakeanewlittlepaperbird,andaddittotheothers.Hiroshima¡ªthe¡°liveliest¡±cityinJapanIfeltsick,andeversincethentheyhavebeentestingandtreatingme.TheratherarrestingspectacleoflittleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskycrapersistheverysymboloftheincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.Therewerefreshbows,andthefacesgrewmoreandmoreseriouseachtimethenameHiroshimawasrepeated.(synecdoche)WasInotatthesceneofthecrime?(rhetoricalquestion)Lesson3BlackmailMetaphor:...thenervesofboth...wereexcessivelyfrayed...hiswifeshothimaswift,warningglance.Thewordsspatforthwithsuddensavagery.Hertone...withered......self-assurance...flickered...TheDuchesskeptfirmtightreinonherracingmind.Hervoicewasawhiplash.eyesboredintohimI¡¯llspellitout.Euphemism:...andyoutookaladyfriend.Metonymy:won100atthetableslostitatthebarthey'llthrowthebook,...Onomatopoeia:appreciativechucklecluckedhistongueLesson41)Thetrialthatrockedtheworld(hyperbole)2)Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder(transferredepithet)3)Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead(synecdoche)4)Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted(ridicule)5)anditisamightystrongcombination(sarcasm)6)untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury(irony)7)Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.(sarcasm)8)TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow(antithesis)9)HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.(hyperbole)10)Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.(ridicule£¬simile)11)Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.(ridicule)12)DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,victoriousdefeat.(oxymoron)µÚÎå¿ÎThemanymetaphorsandsimilesintheessayarelargelyappropritatelyusedindescribingtheuglinessofWestmorelandCounty.Forexample,inpara.3themetaphorofcomparingthehousestheretopigswallowinginthemud~themetaphorinthesamepara.ofcomparingthepatchesofpainttodriedupscalesformedbyaskindisease~andthesimileinpara.2asshowninthesentenceoneblinks...shotaway,thesimileinthesamepara.asshowninthesentenceasteelstadium~--theline,justtomentionafew.Hyperbolesareprofuselyusedintheessay.Theyaremostlyveryeffectiveinconveyingwhattheauthorhadtosay.Inpara.1,wereadthesentenceHerewaswealth...alleycats,exaggeratingtherichnessandgrandeurofthisregionandofAmericaasawhole,theboastandprideoftherichestandgrandestnationeverseenonearthinpara.5wereadItisasif...ofthem,whichimpliesexaggeratedlythatitisasifsomegeniusofgreatpower,whodidn'tliketodotherightthingsandwhowasaninflexibleenemyofman,employedalltheclevernessandskillofhelltobuildtheseuglyhouses;andagaininpara.2thereisthesentenceWhatalludetoinsight,whichsuggestsanexaggerationthatishardtobelieve.Noteveryhousecouldhavebeenthatugly.Lesson6MarkTwain---MirrorofAmericaMetaphor:MarkTwain---MirrorofAmericasawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheartAllwouldresurfaceinhisbooks...thathesoakedup...Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand......theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever...Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame...MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles...Simile:MostAmericanrememberM.T.asthefatherof......amemorythatseemedphonographicHyperbole:...cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...Thecastofcharacters...-acosmos.Americalaughedwithhim.Personification:...toliter