4(SK)形容词和副词—专升本英语语法综述

adj&adv形容词和副词Generalrevisionforgrammar概念形容词用于修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。定语表语宾补状语adj形容词用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的属性或特征等√√√√adv副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。√√√√形容词的用法及位置adj作定语p421.前置定语Adifficultsituation,efficientapproach|way2.后置定语:1）修饰不定代词:something,anything,nothing,everythingNothingserious,anythingspecial2)某些a-开首的形容词:afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,ashamed,awake,awareHeistheonlymanalive.adj作表语P401)用在be之后.Theyarecapableofdoingthejob.2)相当于be的动词之后：appear,seem,come,cook,die,fall,keep,lay,prove,remain,run,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,go,get,grow,become,turn…remaincalm,gohungry,fallasleep,cometrue,appeareffective,dieyoung3)只用作表语的形容词：well,ill,content,fond,glad,likely,ready,sorry,sureHeislikelytoseemetoday.Thisisapossiblesolution.Theboyisill/sick.Thesickboyislyinginbed.illnews,illwind,illluckadj作宾补Youkeeptheclassroomclean.Leavemealone,please.Ifindthebookveryinteresting.adj作状语Shecamehomesick.（伴随状语）Hewenttobed,coldandhungryandexhausted.(结果状语)Eagertoseeherfriends,shetookataxihomeratherthanrideabike.(原因状语)常用的顺序为：限定词（these,those)+数量形容词（three）+描绘性形容词（beautiful）+大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词（large,long,high）+新旧（new）+颜色（blue）+国籍（Chinese）+材料（wood）+用途(writing)+被修饰名词（desk）P42限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老；颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。（县官行令宴国才）alltheselastfewdays最近的这些日子Alightbluesilkskirt一件浅蓝色丝裙thefirst/lasttwoparagraphs最前/最后两段anotherthreeEnglishbooks另外三本英语书somebeautifullittleflowersanoldbrownwoolencarpet副词的用法及位置adv.作定语：主要为表示时间或点的副词：here,there,in,out,up,down,below,above,upstairs,downstairs,now,then等，这些副词做定语时应后置。Iboughtsomethingtodrinkonmywayhome.Allthecommodities(日用百货)herearemadeinShanghai.Itisquitefinetoday.theairhereisfresh.adv.作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作情况。常见的副词有：on,in,up,down,out,off,back,away,over等Thefireison.We'llbehomeattentonight..•adv.作状语：可以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或全句。•Theroomisquitesmallanddark.（修饰形容词）•Heworkedouttheproblemveryeasily.（修饰副词）•Hegotonthattrainfortunately.•Fortunately,hegotonthattrain.（修饰全句）beautifulbeautifullyseriousseriouslyadj&adv?•Shealwayslooks___________.(美丽）•Sheisalwaysdressed____________(美丽)Hehasgota___________(严重)illness.•Heis______________（严重）ill.widelybadlygreatvery•Englishisa__________(wide)usedlanguage.•Thissoldierwas________(bad)wounded.great/very•Thispaintingisof________value.•Thispaintingis_______valuable.•Thismeetingisof.(important)1.Youcan’tsitonthisnewlyboughtchair___.A.comfortB.comfortableC.comfortablyD.withcomfortable2.Theappletastes_____andsells___.A.well;wellB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;good3.Youranswersounds_____.A.correctB.correctlyC.correctnessD.correctingCCA4.Therewasa____talkbetweenthetwoteamslastweek.A.friendB.friendshipC.friendlyD.warmly5.Atthemeeting,theykept____allthetime.A.silentB.silenceC.quietlyD.silencely6.Theyalllooked_____atthemistakesandfeltquite_____.A.sad;sadB.sadly;sadlyC.sad;sadlyD.sadly;sadCADlively,lonely,deadly,silly,orderly,timely,costly,brotherly7.—Mum,IthinkI’m__togetbacktoschool.--Notreally,mydear.You’dbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.A.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenoughC8.wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining____.A.badlyB.hardlyC.stronglyD.heavilyD9.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes____.A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.openingA10.(02北京)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood_____tohermother.A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closingA11.(03北京，春)---Iwasridingalongthestreetandallofasudden,acarcutinandknockedmedown.---Youcanneverbe___carefulinthestreet.A.muchB.veryC.soD.tooDcannot(never)too…怎么…也不为过12.(NMET00’)It’salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,____ifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially13.(01北京春)Inthatcase,thereisnothingyoucando___thanwait.A.moreB.otherC.betterD.anyDBotherthan除了14.(NMET2004全国)Idon’tmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore.____,thewalkwilldomegood.A.SoonerorlaterB.StillC.IntimeD.BesidesD15.(2004上海)Mostpeopleonthisislandarerecreationalfishers,and_____,fishingformsanactualpartoftheirleisuretime.A.accidentallyB.purposefullyC.obviouslyD.formallyC16.(NMET2004天津)MrSmithusedtosmoke___buthehasgivenitup.A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardlyB17.(2004湖南)Everyonewasontimeforthemeeting____Chris,who’susuallytenminuteslateforeverything.A.butB.onlyC.evenD.yetC18.(NMET2003全国)Alienhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas____tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchA形容词、副词比较等级的用法形容词和副词的比较等级原级1.肯定as(adv.)＋adj./adv.原级＋as(conj.)2.否定notas(so)＋adj./adv.原级＋as3.倍数倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as1.Mr.SunspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.2.Thisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatone.3.Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.原级比较级最高级much/manyill/bad/badlylittlemoremostworseworstlessleast比较级1.构成形式-ermore注意不规则变化good/wellfarbetterbestfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest误moreandmorebetter正betterandbetter2.用法A.表示一方超过另一方“比较级＋than”B.表示一方不及另一方“less＋原级＋than”C.表示越来越…“比较级＋and＋比较级”D.表示越…越…“the＋比较级…,the＋比较级…”E.表示倍数“倍数＋比较级＋than”3.可以修饰比较级的副词或副词短语。even,much,still,abit,(quite)alittle,far,etc.注意：very修饰原级，much修饰比较级，修饰动词用much或verymuch.2.as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词p45Thebuildingisastallas100meters.=Thebuildingis100meterstall.Thewellisasdeepas