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1基础写作高级句型训练一、with的复合结构with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件等,也可以作定语。with+宾语(名词或代词)+形容词1.他过去经常开着窗户睡觉。2.孩子们正在做雪人,双手冻得通红。with+宾语(名词或代词)+副词3.小男孩沿街跑着,什么也没穿。4.他睡着了,灯还亮着。with+宾语(名词或代词)+介词短语5.这位农民肩扛铁锨(spade)下田干活了。6.杰克手里拿着几本书,走进了教室。with+宾语(名词或代词)+V-ing7.由于全班都盯着她看,她感到紧张。8.他睡着了,收音机还在响着。with+宾语(名词或代词)+V-ed9.一切都安排妥当以后,他离开了办公室。210.这位妇人正焦急,因为她的车票丢了。11.在橱柜里没有东西剩下,她只能出去外面找东西吃。with+宾语(名词或代词)+todo12.由于有许多工作要做,他不允许出去。13.有这样的好老师教我们功课,我们感到放心。二、独立主格结构独立主格结构是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等在句中作状语,主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等。它有以下三个特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。2)名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。独立主格类型1:名词(代词)+现在分词1.问题解决之后,我们就回家了。2.明天假设天气好,我们就进行比赛。3.班长病了,我们最好还是延期开会吧。独立主格类型2:名词(代词)+过去分词4.工作结束后我们就回家了。35.最后一班公车已经走了,我们必须走路回家。6.如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。独立主格类型3:名词(代词)+不定式7.如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周。8.有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。独立主格类型4:名词(代词)+介词短语9.士兵们端着枪冲了进来。10.一个少女进来了,手里拿着书。11.他在等着,眼睛望着她的背影。独立主格类型5:名词(代词)+形容词或副词12.他坐在前排,嘴半开着。13.她坐在桌前,头低了下来,拿好钢笔,准备开始写一封长信。独立主格类型6:Therebeing+名词(代词)14.没有别的事可做,我们就回家了。415.没有再要讨论的事了,我宣布散会。14.Therebeingnothingelsetodo,wewenthome.15.Therebeingnofurtherbusiness,Ideclarethemeetingclosed.独立主格类型7:Itbeing+名词(代词)16.由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。17.由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。三、倒装句notonly放在句首,后接句子时要用部分倒装结构将下列句子改成notonly倒装句1.Proletariansshouldemancipatethemselvesandthewholemankind.2.Televisionappealstothosewhocanreadanditappealstothosewhocan't.3.Thepoormanhadbeenfined,andhehadbeensenttoprison.4.She'sanexcellenthousewifeandafirstclassmathematician.5.Iheardthecar.Iactuallysawitcrash.6.Hewritesthewordstothesongs.Hecomposesthemusicaswell.5only+状语位于句首,后面的句子要用部分倒装结构将下列句子改成only引起的倒装句7.YoucanlearnEnglishwellinthisway.8.Whenthewarwasoverin1918,hewasabletogetbacktowork.9.Theaimwasachievedafterabitterstruggle.10.HerealizedtheimportanceofEnglishthen.11.Freshmenarepermittedtotakemake-uptestsunderspecialcircumstances.四、强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that+剩余部分……将下列句子改成强调句1.Igottoknowheronthefarmwhereweworked.(强调地点状语)2.Theydidn’tgoswimmingbecauseitrainedheavily.(强调原因状语)3.Tompaintedthepaperblackyesterday.(强调主语/强调时间状语)4.Hereadthreebooksinthelibraryyesterday.(强调主语/宾语/地点状语)五、非谓语动词项目语法意义例句不定式表目的Toborrowsomemoney,hecanetoJohnforhelp.现在分词当状语,主动、正在进行Walkinginthestreet,Icameintoafriendofmine.过去分词当状语,被动、已经完成United,westand,disunited,wefall.动名词当名词Irememberedhispayingthebillalready.练习:用适当的非谓语动词形式翻译下列句子1.当他醒来时,他发现自己被锁在一间黑屋子里。62.与他的成就相比,我自觉惭愧。3.由于眼睛被一条毛巾捂着,他不知道自己到底在哪里。4.在完成了英语作文以后,他开始读当天的《中国日报》。5.在那片森林里有几间小木屋。6.那位刚退休的老人坐在窗前,眺望着夕阳西下。7.我并不想知道在什么时候执行那个计划。8.由于都知道他是这个镇上的名人,他一露面人们就围着他,让他签名。9.由于被评为最好的论文,它被刊登在一本国外的杂志上。10.他站在警察的面前,两腿一直在发抖。7参考答案一.with复合结构1.Heusedtosleepwiththewindowopen.2.Thechildrenweremakingasnowman,withtheirhandsredandcold.3.Thelittleboyranalongthestreetwithnothingon.4.Hefellasleepwiththelighton.5.Thefarmerwenttothefieldwithaspadeonhisshoulder.6.Jackwalkedintotheclassroomwithsomebooksinhishand.7.Shefeltnervouswiththewholeclassstaringather.8.Hefellasleepwithhisradiostillworking.9.Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.10.Thewomanwasworryingwithherticketlost.11.Withnothingleftinthecupboard,shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.12.Withalotofworktodo,hewasnotallowedtogoout.13.Wefeelsafewithsuchgoodteacherstoteachuslessons.二.1.Thequestionbeingsettled,wewenthome.2.Weshallplaythematchtomorrow,weatherpermitting.3.Themonitorbeingill,we’dbetterputthemeetingoff.4.Thejobfinished,wewenthome.5.Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.6.Moretimegiven,weshouldhavedonethejobmuchbetter.7.Nobodytocometomorrow,wewillhavetoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.8.Somanypeopletohelphim,heissuretosucceed.9.Thesoldiersdashedin,guninhand.10.Agirlcamein,bookinhand.11.Hewaswaiting,hiseyesonherback.12.Hesatinthefrontrow,hismouthhalfopen.13.Shesatatthetable,headdown,andpeninposition,readytobeginthelongletter.16.ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.17.Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.三.倒装句1.Notonlyshouldproletariansemancipatethemselvesbutalsothewholemankind.无产者不仅要解放他们自己,而且要解放全人类。2.Notonlydoestelevisionappealtothosewhocanreadbuttothosewhocan't.电视不仅吸引阅读的人,而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。3.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenfined,butalsohehadbeensenttoprison.这个可怜的人不仅被罚款,而且还被送进了监狱。4.She'snotonlyanexcellenthousewifebutalsoafirstclassmathematician.她不仅是一个出色的家庭主妇,而且是一位一流的数学家。5.NotonlydidIhearthecar,butalsoIactuallysawitcrash.8我不仅听见了车的声音,而且还亲眼看见了那辆车撞坏了。6.Notonlydoeshewritethewordstothesongs,butalsohecomposesthemusicaswell.他不仅给歌曲写词,也谱曲。7.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell8.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogetbacktowork.9.Onlyafterabitterstrugglewastheaimachieved.10.OnlythendidherealizetheimportanceofEnglish11.Onlyunderspecialcircumstancesarefreshmenpermittedtotakemake-uptests.四.强调句答案1.ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.2.Itwasbecauseitrainedheavilythattheydidn’tgoswimming.3.ItwasTomthat/whopaintedthepaperblackyesterday.4.Itwashewho(that)readthreebooksinthelibraryyesterday.(强调主语)Itwasthreebooksthathereadinthelibraryyesterday.(强调宾语)Itwasinthelibrarythathereadthreebooksyesterday.(强调地点状语)非谓语1.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfshutupinadarkroom.2.Comparedwithhisachievement,Ifeelsorryformyself.3.Withtheeyescoveredwithatow
本文标题:2-基础写作高级句型训练
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