大学英语口语教程--Studying--Abroad

StudyAbroadIntroductionandlead-inquestionsChinahasthelargestnumberofoverseasstudentsintheworld,witharecord1.27millionstudyingabroadattheendof2010,accordingtothelateststatisticsfromtheMinistryofEducation.About285,000ofthemwerenewstudentswhobegantheiroverseasstudieslastyear（2010）,up24percentover2009,saidtheministry.Self-financedstudentsnowmakeupthelargestgroupofthosegoingoverseas,andamongmorethan100countriestheyselected,morethan90percentofthestudentschosetostudyinthetop10destinations-theUnitedStates,Australia,Japan,theUnitedKingdom,SouthKorea,Canada,Singapore,France,GermanyandRussia.SinceChina'seconomyisbooming,moremiddle-classfamiliescanaffordtosendtheirchildrenabroadforeducation,WangQiang,aBeijingresidentwhoplanstosendhissontostudyinAustralia,toldChinaDailyonSunday.Evenshort-termoverseasstudyexperiencecouldwinmysonbetterjobopportunitieshereinthefuture,hesaid.Talkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesabout“studyingabroad”Advantages1良好的语言环境，更利于语言学习。2拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。3传播各民族间的不同文化。Disadvantages1年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自理能力差。2情感孤独，思乡。3生活学习费用高。AdvantagesofstudyabroadYouareexposedtoanEnglishenvironment,youwilllearnthatlanguagemorequicklyAcquiremoreadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyBroadenone’shorizonandgainmoreinsightsofyourowncultureandforeigncultureYourlifewillbetotallydifferent,moreconfident,independentandself-sufficientYouwillhavemorechancesandjobopportunitiesafteryourgraduationasaninternationalstudentsDisadvantagesStudyingabroadcanbeexpensive(itcostsmuch)Studyingabroadcanbehard-missyourfamily(homesickandlonely),experiencecultureshock,languagebarrier,lacktheabilitytoliveindependentlyanddisciplinethemselves,Ifyouhadachancetostudyabroad,whichcountryyouwouldprefer?Givereasons.Beforeyougoabroadtostudy,youneedtocomeupwiththeanswerstothesequestions.ThetuitionfeesSafetyYourdevelopmentafteryougraduateYourlanguageabilityTheabilitytolivebyoneselfandmanageoneselfLow-intensityprogram:指学习强度不大的课程Bellsandwhistles:指华而不实的东西；不必要的附加功能或附件AboutTypeAandTypeBPersonalityAccordingtoscientificliterature,TypeAbehaviorischaracterizedbyanintenseandsustaineddrivetoachievegoalsandaneagernesstocompete.PersonalitiescategorizedasTypeAtendtohaveapersistentdesireforexternalrecognitionandadvancement.Theyareinvolvedinvariousfunctionsthatbringabouttimerestrictions.Suchpersonalitieshaveatendencytospeedupmentalandphysicaltaskswithextraordinarymentalandphysicalalertness.Thesecharacteristicsmakeforsuper-achieversandhigh-poweredpeople.TypeAindividualscangetalotdoneandhavethepotentialtoreallymoveaheadintheworld.Butthereisahighpricetopay.Certaincomponentsofsuchapersonalitycaninhibithappinessandeventhreatenhealth.Forexample,thegoalsthatTypeAfolkssetareoftenpoorlydefinedandthereforehardtoachieveperfectrecipeformisery.TypeAisalsocharacterizedbyageneraldiscontentednessandtheimpulsetobeoverlycriticalanddemanding,evencontemptuousofimperfection,intheselfandothers.Thisfocusonnegativeaspectsandtheaccompanyingburstsofhostility,impatienceresultinguilt,remorseandanxiety.TypeApersonalitiesaremotivatedbyexternalsources(insteadofbyinnermotivation),suchasmaterialrewardandappreciationfromothers.TypeAfolksexperienceaconstantsenseofopposition,wariness,andapprehension--theyarealwaysreadyforbattle.Andanyonecanimaginehowthisconstant(andveryexhausting)existencewoulddepletereservesofcontentmentandhappinessanddisruptpersonalequilibrium.AlthoughtheliteratureissomewhatinconsistentbecauseofproblemswiththeconceptualizationanddefinitionofTypeAbehaviorpatter,ithasbeenlinkedtohigherrisksofcardiovasculardiseases.TherisksseemedtobereducedwithinterventionaimedatreducingTypeAbehavior.Indeed,thosewithahighTypeAscorewouldbehappierandhealthieriftheyweretofiledownthejaggededgesoftheirpersonality.Bylearninghowtocontrolthenegativebehaviorpatternswhilepreservingtheirdrive,TypeApeoplecanbesuccessfulwithoutsacrificingtheiremotionalwell-being.TypeBbehaviorisusuallydefinedastheabsenceofTypeAbehavior.TypeBpersonalitiesarerelaxedandhavealaid-backattitudeandposture.Theyarefriendly,accepting,patient,atease,andgenerallycontent.Theyareatpeacewiththemselvesandothers.Theyshowageneralsenseofharmonywithpeople,events,andlifecircumstances.Theytendtobetrusting.Theyfocusonthepositiveaspectsofthings,peopleandevents.TypeBfolksareself-encouraging,haveinnermotivation,arestableandhaveapleasantmood.Theyareinterestedinothersandaccepttrivialmistakes.Theyhaveanacceptingattitudeabouttrivialmistakesandaproblem-solvingattitudeaboutmajormistakes.Theyareflexibleandgoodteammembers.TheTypeBpersonisabletoleadandbeled.