(人教版)八年级下英语期中复习：知识点讲义(unit1-unit5)(经典版)

Unit1：What’sthematter?一．语法重点1.情态动词should的用法2.反身代词二．作文话题：谈论健康三．重要词汇句型1.havea+疾病名词（得了......病）2.询问病人病情的句型（也可用于发生了什么事）What’swrong?What’swrongwithyou?What’syourtrouble?What’sthetroublewithyou?What’swrong?3.4.If引导的条件状语从句（主将从现）5.surprise：(1)surprisesb.吓到某人(2)besurprisedat对......感到吃惊(3)besurprisedtodosth.做某事令人感到吃惊(4)insurprise惊奇地6.agree：(1)agreetodosth.同意做某事(2)agreewithsb.同意某人(3)agreeonsth.双方就某事达成一致(4)agreethat+that从句同意......7.trouble：(1)getintotrouble陷入困境(2)beintrouble处于困境(3)getsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境(4)havetroublewithsth.在某事方面有困难(5)havetrouble(in)doingsth.在做某事方面有困难8.use(1)be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事(2)usedtodosth.过去常常做某事(3)sth.beusedtodo......某物被用来做（表被动关系）......(4)sth.beusedfordoingsth.某物用于/被用于做某事（强调用途）9.takearisk/takerisks冒险atrisk在危险中attheriskofdoingsth.冒生命危险做某事10.runout（花光：物作主语）runoutof（人作主语）=useup11.meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事liev.躺；位于,平放lie--lay--lain--lyingSheshouldliedown.liev.说谎lie--lied--lied--lyingSheliedagain.layv.放置，产卵lay--laid--laid--layingThehenislayinganegg.12.important(adj.)----unimportant(adj.不重要的)----importance(n.)13.beincontrolof掌管，控制14.cut词组：1.cutout删除；删去2.cutup切碎3.cutoff切掉；停止4.cutdown砍到；降低5.cutin插嘴；超车；插队Unit2:I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.一．语法重点1.动词不定式2.动词短语二．作文话题：提供帮助，义务活动三．重要词汇句型1.volunteer：v.自愿（做某事）volunteertodosth.volunteerforsth.n.志愿者adj.志愿的；自愿的avolunteerjob2.疑问词+动词不定式=宾语从句Ireallycan’tdecidewhereIshouldgo.=Ireallycan’tdecidewheretogo.3.such+a(n)+形容词+名词=so+形容词+a(n)+名词Sheissuchabeautifulgirl.=Sheissobeautifulagirl.4.satisfaction(n.满意)--satisfy(v.使满意)--satisfied(adj.满意的)--satisfying(令人满意的)toone’ssatisfaction使/令某人满意/满足besatisfiedwith对......感到满意besatisfiedtodosth.对做某事感到满意5.raise...for...为...筹集...6.looklike外表上看起来像takeafter指因血缘关系在性格，性格，行为上相像7.make/think/find/believe/feelit+形容词+todosth.使/觉得/发现/相信/感觉做某事......8.makeadifferenceto对......产生影响9.imagine:(1)imaginedoingsth.想象做某事(2)imaginesb.todosth.想象某人做某事(3)imaginethat/what想象......10.train:v.训练n.火车trainingn.训练；培训(1)trainsb./sth.todosth.训练某人/某物去做某事(2)trainsb.insth.在某方面训练/培养某人11.understand=follow=catch理解；听懂understandingadj.善解人意的；体谅人的12.changev.改变；变化changeone’slifechange...into...n.零钱（不可数名词）改变（可数名词changes）13.短语：cheerup（使）变得高兴；振奋起来giveout分发；散发comeupwith想出；提出putoff推迟handout分发callup打电话给某人；征召carefor照顾；非常喜欢tryout参加.....选拔；试用fixup修理；装饰giveaway赠送；捐赠takeafter（外貌或行为）像Unit3：Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一．语法重点1.情态动词could用法（请求和征求许可）二．作文话题：对某事某物的看法（议论文）三．重要词汇句型1.inamess乱糟糟；一团糟makeamessof(doing)sth.把(做)某事搞得一团糟2.so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语(也)neither助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语(也不)HewillgotoHangzhouforaholidaytomorrow.SowillI.3.passv.经过；穿过passthesupermarket通过（考试；会议）；合格或者及格passthefinalexam（时间的）过去，流逝Ayearpassedquickly.4.borrowsth.borrowsth.fromsb.（借进：说话人向别人借东西）lendsb.sth.lendsth.tosb.（借出：说话人把自己的东西借给别人keep“借”或“保留”多长时间，与一段时间连用5.make：(1)makesb.dosth.Imademymotherlaugh.(2)make+宾语+形容词（宾语补足语）Imademymothersad.6.waste:awasteof浪费awasteofmoneywastesth.浪费某物wastesth.indoingsth.浪费......做某事7.provide提供；供应providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.supplysb.withsth.=supplysb.withsth.offersb.sth=offertodosth.8.develop(v.发展)--developed(adj.发达的)--developing(adj.发展中的)--development(n.发展）developone’sinterestin培养某人对......的兴趣9.drop与fall落下；掉下；降下（作不及物动词时，一般可互换）drop还可作及物动词，而fall不可10.短语：dependon依靠；依赖takecareof照顾；处理Unit4:Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?一．语法重点1.提建议和回答提建议的表达方式2.until,sothat及although引导的状语从句二．作文话题：就某一现象提建议三．重点词汇句型1.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事2.findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事findsb.todosth.发现某人做了某事3.geton(well/badly)withsb.与某人相处的好/坏4.arguewithsb.aboutsth.为某事与某人争论5.instead与insteadofinstead：代替；相反副词，通常放在句首或句末，表示前面的事情没有做，而做了后面的事Hedidn'tanswer;instead,heaskedhisfather.insteadof：代替；而不是介词短语，后面可跟与前面的并列成分相对应的名词、代词、动名词形式Youshouldbeworkinginsteadoflyinginbed.6.特殊疑问词+ever=nomatter+特殊疑问词however=nomatterhow7.offertodosth.主动提出做某事offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.给某人提供某物8.communicatewithsb.与某人沟通，交流communicatesth.tosb.把......通知/传达给某人9.returnsb.sth=returnsth.tosb.=giveback10.not...anymore（不再）=nomorenot...anylonger=nolonger（不再）11.putpressureonsb.向某人施压12.competewith/againstsb.和某人竞争13.continue/goondoingsth.继续做同一件事continue/goontodosth.继续做某事（不是同一件事）14.compareAwithB把A与B做对比/比较（用来比较相似事物的不同点）compareAtoB把A比作B（用来比较不同事物间的相同点）16.causesb.todosth.促使某人做某事causesth.(to/forsb.)（给某人）带来......17.词组：lookthrough快速查看；浏览workout成功的发展；解决getonwith和睦相处；关系良好cutout删除；删去compare...with比较；对比Unit5:Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?一．语法重点1.过去进行时2.when与while的区别二．作文话题：描述过去发生的某件事三．重点词汇句型1.light:1）n.光；光线（不可数名词）2）n.电灯；光源（可数名词）3）adj.轻的；浅色的4）v.点燃；照亮light---lighted/lit---light/lit2.reportv.报告n.报告reportern.记者3.woodn.木头；木（不可数名词）小树林（可数名词，常用复数）woodenadj.木制的4.beat1)v.击打2)心脏等跳动3)打败；战胜（后接人或由人组成的队）5.against1)反对for支持Weareagainstwarandforpeace.2)靠着，倚着Theboystoodagainstthedoor.6.rise与raiserise增加；提高；增强；上升；升起不及物动词，主语常为物Theriverroseaftertheheavyrain.raise使升起来；提高；举起及物动词，主语常为人Heraisedhishands.7.realizev.1)意识到；认识到2)实现（梦想、愿望）realizeone’sdream=makeone’sdreamcometrue=achieveone’sdream8.makeone’swayto......在某人去......的路上，前往......途中9.短语：atfirst起初；起先fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失makeone’sway前往；费力地前进takedown拆除，往下拽；记录gooff水电断掉；离开；爆炸；食物变坏