2019届高考英语一轮复习练习：必修1-4-Unit4知能演练轻松闯关含解析

Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·湖州模拟)Asachild，Iwasgenerallyhappy，singinganddancingtomyfavoritesongs，smilingandlaughingwithmyfriendsandfamily.Butasfarbackassecondgrade，Inoticeda“darkness”aboutme.Ididn’tenjoyparticipatinginmanythings.Inmiddleschool，thingsinmylifebegantogetevenworse.IbeganwithdrawingfromeverythingIonceenjoyed.Iwasalwaystired.Everythingwashorrible.Finally，midwaythrougheighthgrade，IwastoldIhadachemicalimbalance，diagnosed(诊断)withclinicaldepression，andhadtotakemedicine.Ittookmonthsformetofeeltheeffectsofthemedicine.WhenIbegantofeelhappyagainiswhenIrealizedthatIhadtotaketheresponsibilityforgettingbettermyself，ratherthanrelyingonmedicine.Aristotlesaid，“Tolivehappilyisaninwardpowerofthesoul，”andIbelievethatthisquotedescribeswhatIhadtodotoachievehappiness.Happinessisajourney.Everyoneseemstoneeddifferentthingstobehappy.“Theessentials(要素)tohappinessaresomethingtolove，somethingtodo，andsomethingtohopefor，”aquotefromWilliamBlakesumsupwhatIbelievepeopleneedtorealizetobetrulyhappyinlife.Peopleneedlove.Ifeeltheyneedtheirfamilyandtheirfriendsmorethananythingelseintheworld.Peopleneedworktodo，somethingtomakethemfeeltheyaremakingadifferenceintheworld.Peopleneedtoknowthatmoregoodistocomeinthefuture，sotheycontinuetolivefor“now”insteadofconstantlyworryingaboutthebadthatcouldcome.Loveandhopearehappiness.【解题导语】作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历总结出了幸福生活的要素。1．WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorinParagraph2?A．Hehatedgoingtosleepbecausehecouldn’tsleepwell.B．Hespentmonthsrecoveringfromtheclinicaldepression.C．HewasdiagnosedwithclinicaldepressioninGradeSeven.D．Hesufferedagreatdealfromclinicaldepression.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ibeganwithdrawingfrom...takemedicine.”可知，在中学时，作者受到临床抑郁症的折磨。故选D项。2．Whohelpedtheauthortobehappyagain?A．Theauthor’sfriends.B．Aristotle.C．Theauthorhimself.D．William.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“WhenIbegantofeelhappyagainiswhenIrealizedthatIhadtotaketheresponsibilityforgettingbettermyself，ratherthanrelyingonmedicine.”可知，作者并不是依赖药物而是靠自己克服病症，重新快乐起来。故选C项。3．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheEssentialstoHappinessB．WaystoOvercomeShortcomingsC．EveryoneNeedstoBeHappyD．HappinessIsLoveA解析：标题归纳题。通读文章，作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历，总结出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具体阐述了要素的内容，由此可知A项契合文章主旨。BSomepigstendtobeoptimisticwhileothersarepessimistic，accordingtoanewresearchthatismeaningfultoanimalwelfare.Thestudy，publishedinthejournalBiologyLetters，isthefirsttoshowthatmoodandpersonalityinteractinananimal，influencingjudgment.Asher，aresearcherattheUniversityofNewcastle’sInstituteofNeuroscience，andherteamhousedgroupsofpigsintwotypesofenvironment.Onereflectedstandardcommercialconditionsandtheotherwascushierwithmorespaceandplentyofsoft，deepstraw.Afterthepigsgotaccustomedtothesenewhomesoverafewweeks，theresearcherspicked18pigsfromeachtypetotrainandtesttheirjudgment.“Todothis，wetrainedeachpig.Inonecornerofatrainingroomtherewouldbeabowlwithchocolatesweets—pigslovethem—andattheoppositesideoftheroomtherewouldbeabowlcontainingcoffeebeans，whichpigsfindbitter­tasting，”aresearchersaid.Overanumberoftrainingtrials，pigslearnedtogotothebowlreliablywhenitwasinthecornerwheretheyhadfiguredouttoexpectchocolatesweets.Onthecontrary，theyquicklylearnedtoavoidthebowlwhenitwasinthecornerwheretheywouldexpecttofindthecoffeebeans.Theresearchersnextplacedanunfamiliarbowlindifferentlocations，toseehowthepigswouldreact.Somegailydashedtothebowlnomatterwhatwasinside，showingoptimismthatitwouldcontaintheirfavoritesweets.Others，however，behavedasthoughtheyexpectedittocontaincoffeebeans，displayingpessimism.Thefindingssuggestthataone­size­fits­allanswertoanimalwelfareissuesdoesnotexist.Evenifpigsarejustequaltobaconorothermeatforsomepeople，thereisstillcauseforconcern.Studieshavesuggestedthathowananimalistreatedduringitslifetimecandirectlyaffectmeatqualityandtaste.【解题导语】本文是一篇研究报告，讲述情绪和性格在动物中的相互作用。4．Whatwasthestudytryingtofigureout?A．Howtomakepigshappier.B．Thesimilaritiesbetweenhumansandpigs.C．Howlivingenvironmentaffectedpigs’mood.D．Howpigs’moodandpersonalityaffectedtheirjudgment.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Thestudy，publishedinthejournalBiologyLetters，isthefirsttoshowthatmoodandpersonalityinteractinananimal，influencingjudgment.”可知，选项D的概括符合题意。所以选项D正确。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cushier”inParagraph2mean?A．Simple.B．Morecomfortable.C．Unpractical.D．Lessfree.B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“morespaceandplentyofsoft，deepstraw”可知，另一个环境很舒适。所以选项B正确。6．Whichbowlcantestwhetherapigisoptimisticorpessimistic?A．Thebowlwithchocolatesweets.B．Thebowlcontainingcoffeebeans.C．Thebowlfullofbothsweetsandbeans.D．Thebowlunfamiliartotwotypesofpigs.D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Theresearchersnextplacedanunfamiliarbowlindifferentlocations，toseehowthepigswouldreact.”以及该段后两句的对比描述可知，D选项与第五段内容一致。所以选项D正确。7．Whatdothefindingsofthenewresearchimply?A．Peopleshouldtreatpigsequally.B．People’shealthreliesonmeatquality.C．Peopleshouldmeetpigs’variousneeds.D．People’sattitudetowardpigsistotallywrong.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是最后一句可推知，要想获得高质量和口感好的猪肉，人们应当满足猪的多种需要。所以选项C正确。Ⅱ七选五(2018·嘉兴第一中学适应性考试)HowtoFeelBeautifulontheInsidePublicopinionmayhavesomesayinwhoisconsidered“beautiful”ontheoutside，butinnerbeautytakesonawholeothermeaning.1.________.Learnwhatbeautymea