二胎时代(the-second-child-era)

Asordinarypeople,theycan’tfullycarefortheirownlives,morecannotthosethingstostimulatedomesticdemand,promoteeconomicgrowthandimprovethestructureofsexratio.Buttheone-childerawillimmediatelybecomeagenerationofmemories,Icannothelpbutwanttosee,howisChina'stwo-childpolicygoingonearth?2013.11Passtheselectivetwo-childpolicyTheselectivetwo-childpolicyallowsacouplewhoisasinglechildtohavetwochildren.2015.12.27TheNPCStandingCommitteeadoptedtheamendmenttothepopulationandfamilyplanninglaw.2016.1.1Comprehensivetwo-childpolicywasofficiallyimplementedAllcouples,regardlessofurbanandruralareas,ethnicgroups,canhavetwochildren.Backgroundofthetwo-childpolicyOnechildSelectivetwo-childComprehen-sivetwo-childWhatisourcountryworriedabout?thetotalfertilityratechartindifferentcountriesandareasin2015ChinaStatisticalYearbook2016announcedtheresultsofthenational1%census:2015,theChinesewomenofchildbearingagethetotalfertilityrateofonly1.047.Thisfigureislessthanhalfthepopulationreplacementlevelof2.1,whichmeansthatChina'snewpopulationwillbereducedbyhalfbyonegeneration!ThebirthrateisfallingTheone-childpolicyandotherchangeshaveledtoadeclineinthenumberofnewbornsinChina.In2013,thenewbornwas12.1perthousand.However,thenumberwas23.3in1987.ThelaborforceisdecliningThedecliningbirthratemeansthatthelaborforceisbecominglessandless.Thisisboundtohampereconomicgrowthandcausecompaniestorelocatefactoriestolower-costcountries.ThetotalpopulationofChina's15~64yearsoldin20141.004bn1.6millionlessthanlastyearfellby0.2percentagepointsthefirstdeclineinatleast20yearsTheAgingofthePopulationOverthenext25years,China'spopulationaged60andoverwilldoubleto431millionTheexpectedincreaseintheproportionofpeopleaged60yearsandoverinChinain2050isshownintheFigure.Incontrast,theaverageageoftheIndianpopulationis25years,aboutone-thirdofthepopulationundertheageof14years.Howabouttheeffectoftwo-childpolicy?Two-childpolicywilladjustthegenderratioUnderthebackgroundofthedeep-rootedthoughtthattheboyistheConstructionBankandthegirlisMerchantsBank.Birthofaboymeansthatparentsinthepurchaseofmarriageroom,parentingaspectsneedtoassumemoreresponsibility.Thefinancialpressureonparentstogivebirthtoagirlwillbemuchless.Theeffectofincreasinginpopulationisnotwishful.AsofDecember2014,thecountryhaslessthanonemillionpairsofseparatecouplestoapplyforrebirth,beforethat,theofficialwasexpectedtoincreasebyabout2millionpeopleayear.PopulationagestructurehasbeenimprovedOpeningtwo-childpolicyundertheconditionofhighcostoflivingcurrentlyinChinahasundergoneasubtleinfluenceonChinesepopulationstructure.Two-childpolicyshouldbebeneficialtobothcountryandpeople,butpeoplearenotwillingtogivebirthtochildren.Why?Becausethecostofachildistoohigh!HowmuchtoraiseachildLet'slookatthecostofraisingchildreninninecities.Sincetheopeningtwo-childpolicy,nowonlychildrenaregettingmarried,afterwhichtherearefouroldontopandtwosmallinthemiddle,fourgrandchildreninthefuture.Whatunbearableweightoflifeitis!