2016年上海中考初中英语情态动词

情态动词复习一、must1)表示必须、必要。是说话人的主观看法Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t,don’thaveto（不必）.--Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?--Yes,youmust.--No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.2)表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）–1．You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.–2．Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.二、mightandmay1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?----No,youmustn’t.----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)•用MayI...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI...？在口语中更常见。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3)表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。•might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1．Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2．Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、can,could•1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）Canyouskate?（技能）•此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而beableto则有更多的时态。I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.•当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto，不能用Can。如：Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.2)表示请求和允许。•-----CanIgonow?•-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。----CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?----Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)3)表推测可能性。肯定句中：can表示理论上的可能性；may表示事实上的可能性，如：InYuyao,sometimesitcanbereallycold.Tommaygocampingwithustomorrow,butheisnotsure.否定句和疑问句中，只能用can表猜测可能性。Someoneisknockingatthedoor,andwhocanitbe?Itcan’tbeTombecausehehasgonetoBeijing.四、shall1)shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。Whatshallwedothisevening?shallIcleantheroomforyou?•2)shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。•1.Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)•2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)•3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁)五.should1)表示“应该”，常用来表示劝告、建议；认为“某人应该做某事”或“有义务责任做某事”。Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.Youshouldn‘twatchTVeveryday。Youshouldn’thavemadethiskindofsillymistakes.Tomshouldhavebroughthisreporttoday.这时它可以和oughtto，besupposedto互换使用六、will和would1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，……•Wewilldoourbesttosavethechild.我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。•Itoldhertostopcrying,butshejustwouldn’tlisten.我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。2)表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Wouldyou…?比用Willyou…?更婉转。如：•Will/Wouldyoupleasekeepthedooropen?请让门开着好吗？•Will/Wouldyougowithme?你愿意和我一起去吗?相关情态动词•wouldlike表示愿意Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyou.我想同你说句话。•wouldrather…than…宁愿……也不愿……Iwouldratherfailthancheatintheexamination.我宁愿考不及格，也不愿意考试作弊。七、need•1．need作情态动词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。•如：Youneedn‘tworry.你不必担心•Ineedn’thavebroughttheraincoatwithmeinsuchasunnydayyesterday.2．由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定答语常用needn't.如：•—NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答那个问题吗？—Yes,youmust.---Yes,youhaveto.是的，你必须回答。---No,youneedn't./youdon’thaveto不，不必了。由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用needn't或don'thaveto。如：••—MustIdotheworknow?我必须现在干这个活吗？—Yes,youmust/haveto.---No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.need做行为动词•needsth•needtodosth•needdoing=needtobedone表被动•否定：don’tneed注意点一：•表推测可能性：must,can,may,might,can’t,couldn’t•--Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.•--it____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowwhere.情态动词1.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweek.A)shouldB)mustn'tC)needn'tD)may2.We______stayinthetheatreforovertwohoursbecauseoftheheavyrain.A)shouldB)couldC)hadtoD)oughtto3.You______worryaboutyourstudy.Wewillhelpyouifnecessary.A)don’tneedB)needn’tC)needn’ttoD)needto4.She_______becrazytowearashortskirtinsuchfreezingweather.A)shouldB)oughttoC)mustD)can5.Toeveryone’ssurprise,LiuWei______playmusiconthepianowithhistoessofluently.A)canB)mayC)shouldD)must6.Wouldyoupleasespeaklouder?I______catchwhatyouhavesaid.A)can’tB)oughtn’ttoC)needn’tD)mustn’t7.---HaveyoudecidedwheretospendNationalDay?---Notyet.We______gotoAmerica.A)mayB)mustC)needD)should8.Thiswonderfulrobot______helpscientistsexploredangerousthings,liketheseaandotherspace.A)canB)needC)shouldn’tD)mustn’t9.Don’ttalktotheoldpeoplelikethat,Bill.We______respectandbekindtothem.A)canB)mayC)mustD)need10.Inordertokeephealthy,you______todoenoughexerciseandhaveagooddiet.A)oughtB)canC)mustD)should11.Drivers______obeythetrafficrulesatanytimewhentheyaredriving.A)canB)mayC)mustD)need12.BillgetsupearlyeverydayexceptSaturdayorSunday,becausehe______gotoschool.A)mustn’tB)needn’tC)shouldn’tD)can’t13.Itissaidthatthetrainwillbedelayed,sowe______beinahurry.A)mustn’tB)maynotC)needn’tD)shouldn’t14.---ShallltellShirleythegoodnews?---No,you______.I’vetoldheralready.A)can’tB)shouldn’tC)mustn’tD)needn’t15.Canyouseethesignonthewall?We______smokehere.A)needn’tB)needC)mustn’tD)must16.Betty,physicsisn’tsodifficult.You______bedisappointed.I’msureyou’llpassitnexttime.A)mustn’tB)don’thavetoC)can’tD)don’t情态动词1.You____________totellhimthenews.Itwillmakehimsad.宝山区37题A)needn’tB)shouldn’tC)couldn’tD)don’tneed2.Itdoesn’tlooklikerain,soyoubringyourumbrellawithyou.长宁区42题A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.maynot3.Children________beverycarefulwhentheygoacrossthebusystreet.崇明县39题A)shouldn’tB)needn’tC)mustD)may4.IlookedeverywhereforthebookbutI________findit.奉贤区42题A)mustn’tB)needn’tC)maynotD)couldn’t5.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork________today.奉贤区47题A)maydoB)mustdoC)maybedoneD)mustbedone6.—MustIdoallthehousework,Mum?—No,you________.Justcleanyourbedroom.虹口区40题A)mustn’tB)shouldn’tC）needn’tD)can’t7．Believeito