动词用法--谓语动词：时态

2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第1页共8页动词复习导图1.动词的分类实意动词：及物动词vt..不及物动词vi.系动词-1.be(am,is,are,was,were)2.感观动词：see,hear,sound,smell,taste,touch,feel3.表象：look,seem4.变化:get,become,turn,fall,grow,run,go5.保持：stay,keep,remain6.“终止”prove,turnouttobe非实意动词情态动词:cancouldshallshouldwillwouldmaymight…助动词:Be-am,is,are,was,werebeingbeenDo-does,did,doing,doneHave-has,had,hadWill-wouldShall-should2.动词的变形do,does,did,todo,doing,done★规则变化与不规则变化第三人称单数动词加ing过去式、过去分词规则变化与不规则变化★3.动词的用法时态谓语语态情态tododoing非谓语done4．动词的命题方式5.练习2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第2页共8页★(二)动词的用法第一：谓语动词---时态一、时态★必背时态结构一般态do进行态bedoing完成态havedone过去时didwas/weredoinghaddone现在时do/doesam/is/aredoinghave/hasdone将来时willdowillbedoingwillhavedone最常用的几种时态的标志词一般过去yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow一般现在频度副词always,usually,often,seldomsometimes,every…,twiceaweek等一般将来tomorrow,nextweek,intwodays等过去将来thenextday过去进行thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastevening…when,while现在进行now,look,listen，duringthesedays等将来进行tomorroweveningateight(thistime)tomorrow等现在完成for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,uptonow(bynow),inthepast10years,recently过去完成…before,by,when,after…将来完成…一、一般过去时结构：did（动词过去式）标志词：yesterday,lastyear,lastnight,theotherday（几天前）,justnow（刚才）,then,twodaysago,in1999,atthattime一般过去时基本用法1.在过去发生且结束的动作或状态Eg:他于1962年5月3日出生。2.在过去时间先后接连发生的动作ShechangedherhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.3.描述过去的情况(过去如此现在并非如此)Edward,youplaysowell.ButIdidn’tknowyouplayedthepiano.4.瞬间动作（点动作）发生即结束2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第3页共8页常见瞬间动词：open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,getto,leave,move,borrow,buy,dieEg:他死了。注意：用一般过去时替代过去完成时Assoonashearrived(＝hadarrived)，hetelephonedme.(因为连词本身已经表示了动作的先后关系)OurteachertoldusthatColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492。(叙述历史事实，不用过去完成时，只用一般过去时。)二、一般现在时结构：do/does（动词原形\动词加s,es）标志词：always,everytime,usuallynowandthen=occasionally=sometimes,often,seldom(很少，不常),一般现在时基本用法(1)表示经常性或习惯性的行为，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.（否定句）（疑问句）(2)普遍事实、客观真理。福建位于中国的东部。失败是成功之母。哥伦布证明地球是圆的。(3)表示现在的行为和状态。WeloveourcountryandtheParty.TomwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesn’tspeakwell.(4)按时间表将要发生的动作Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026takesoffat18:20.(5)状从中主将从现时间状从：when,till/until,assoonas,bythetime,after,beforeeg:Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyoufinishthework.条件状从：if,unless,onceeg:Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothepark.让步状从：nomatter,however,evenifWewillmakeatripeveniftheweatherisbad.练习：用正确的时态结构填空。1.We________(not,go)unlessit____(be)finetomorrow.2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第4页共8页2.Hewon’tforgivemeevenifI________(apologize).3.Thematch_________(put)offifitrains.4.Ifcitynoises_______________(not,keep)fromincreasing，peoplewillhavetoshouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnowon.三、一般将来时结构：willdobegoingtodobetodobeabouttodo标志词：next(week)…,tomorrow,in(twodays)…一般将来时基本用法(1)表示将要发生的动作或情况。例如：Theagreementwillcomeintoforcenextweek.—Sorry，Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.—Nevermind.Iwillpostitmyselfafterschool.(2)表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。例如：Cropswilldiewithoutwater.(3)用begoingto表示打算、计划、安排做某事，强调人的主观意志，而will多表示一种客观未来，有时可以表示带意愿色彩的将来或表示一种主观推测。I'mgoingtowatchTVthisevening.(主观行为)Iwillbetwentynextyear.Itwillberainyandwindytomorrow.(主观推测)It‘sgoingtorain.（表示不远的将来）新学年开学在即。明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。四、过去将来时结构：“would/should/was(wereto)＋动词原形”标志词：thenextday主要用在主句谓语动词为过去时的宾语从句以及有上下文暗示的情况。Theywouldgoforapicnicthenextday.Weweretoclimbthemountain,butitrainedthenextday.练习：用正确的时态结构填空：1.Ifit’sfine,we_______(go)fishing.2.Don’tbeworried.I________(help)you.3.Heissoseriouslyillandhe_____________(die).2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第5页共8页4.Iwasabouttoleavewhenit_______(rain).5.Shesaidshe___________(return)in2days.6.I_______________(see)youyesterday.ButIhadanunexpectedguest.7.What__________(happen)ifIdrinkthis?8.--Yourjob_________(keep)openforyourreturn.--Thanks.五、现在进行时结构：现在进行时：am/is/aredoing标志词：now,listen,look现在进行时基本用法1.正在进行尚未结束的动作我们正在上英语课。2.与always/usually等连用，表示某种情绪Sheisalwayssmilingtome.3.瞬间动作用进行时可表将来意为：意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等。•I’mleavingtomorrow。六、过去进行时结构：was/weredoing标志词：thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while过去进行时基本用法(1)过去某时正在进行的状态或动作Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.(2)描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.IwaswatchingTVwhilemymotherwascooking.七、将来进行时结构：willbedoing标志词：soon,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等等。将来进行时基本用法延续性动词礼貌的询问、请求或期待等。Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.明天这个时候，他们将坐在电影院。2016届高三英语复习语法：动词—谓语动词—时态第6页共8页这个乐队将于明天晚上在俱乐部演唱。综合练习：用正确的时态结构填空。1.Ahunterisamanwho_______(catch)animals.2.IwillvisityouifFather______(let)me.3.WhenIsawMary,she________(play)thepiano.4.EverytimeI_____(go)there,Iwouldbuyhimsomethingnice.5.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,________(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.6.Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents_______(not,be)alwayswherethey______(be)today.7.--What’sthatterriblenoise?---heneighbors__________(prepare)foraparty.八、现在完成时结构：have/hasdone标志词：(1)不确定的过去时间：already，yet，before，recently，just(刚刚)等。(2)频度副词：always，ever，never，once…等。