基于PLC自动反冲洗过滤器控制系统的设计

I摘要随着我国经济的快速发展，管道海水处理已经是一个非常需要重视的问题。管道海水处理过程是一个非常复杂的非线性、多变量的控制过程。传统的海水过滤系统多采用常规的药物处理、反渗透处理等，多数都以手动控制系统为主，依靠操作员工的知识和经验进行处理。这些处理方式质量不稳定而且人工量大，成本高。因此为了提高海水处理的质量，降低成本，节省人力和物力资源，本设计采用先进的自动控制设备和技术，设计一个能够自动反冲洗控制的过滤器。本次设计主要用的是日本三菱公司生产的FX2N-32M型号的PLC可编程控制器。利用GX.Developer软件设计出梯形图，并且用可编程控制器(PLC软件)写出指令表，最后用PLC仿真软件对所设计程序进行仿真，结果表明，此设计符合基本要求，将PLC应用于管道海水处理控制系统，对提高控制系统的自动控制性能，增加可靠性方面具有十分重要的现实意义。关键字：海水处理，可编程控制器（PLC），过滤器，控制系统IIABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomyandthepipelinewatertreatmentisalreadyaveryneedtoattachimportancetotheproblem.Pipelinewatertreatmentprocessisaverycomplicatednonlinear,multivariablecontrolprocess.Traditionalwaterfiltrationsystemwithmoreconventionaldrugtreatment,reverseosmosisetc,mostofthemwithmanualcontrolsystemisgivenpriorityto,relyonknowledgeandexperienceoftheoperatingstaffforprocessing.Thesehandlingqualityisnotstableandlargeamountofartificial,costishigh.Soinordertoimprovethequalityofthewatertreatment,reducecosts,savemanpowerandmaterialresources,thedesignadoptstheadvancedautomaticcontrolequipmentandtechnology,candesignaautomaticbackwashfilters.ThisdesignmainlyusetheJapaneseMitsubishicompanyproducestheFX2N-32MmodelsofPLCprogrammablecontroller.UseGX.Developersoftwaredesignofladderdiagram,andbyprogrammablecontroller(PLC)softwarewritteninstructiontable,finallywithPLCsimulationsoftwaretodesignsimulationprogram,theresultsshowthatthedesignconformstothebasicrequirements,applyingPLCtopipewatertreatmentcontrolsystem,toimprovetheperformanceofthecontrolsystemofautomaticcontroltoincreasereliabilityhasveryimportantpracticalsignificance.Keywords：Seawatertreatment，Programmablecontroller(PLC)，Filter，Controlsystem目录摘要........................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..........................................................................................................II第1章绪论...................................................................................................11.1课题研究的背景及意义.............................................................................................11.2国内外海水管道水处理情况.....................................................................................11.3自动反冲洗过滤器的控制系统的特点.....................................................................21.4本文的主要工作.........................................................................................................31.5本章小结.....................................................................................................................3第2章自动反冲洗过滤器控制系统方案研究.............................................42.1自动反冲洗过滤器控制系统的设计要求及研究方案.............................................42.2控制方式的选择.........................................................................................................52.3本章小结.....................................................................................................................5第3章自动反冲洗过滤器的硬件电路设计.................................................63.1自动反冲洗过滤器的系统组成及控制要求.............................................................63.1.1手动反冲洗......................................................................................................73.1.2自动反冲洗......................................................................................................73.1.4状态指示灯和故障指示灯说明......................................................................73.1.5自动检测..........................................................................................................83.2自动反冲洗过滤器控制系统的主电路设计.............................................................83.3控制电路的设计与分析.............................................................................................83.3.1PLC的具体I/O分配.......................................................................................83.3.2控制电路I/O接线...........................................................................................93.4设备的选型...............................................................................................................103.4.1PLC选型.........................................................................................................103.4.2压力控制器的选型.........................................................................................113.4.3阀门选型........................................................................................................123.4.4过滤网的选型................................................................................................123.5本章小结...................................................................................................................12第4章自动反冲洗过滤器控制系统软件部分...........................................134.1控制方案的流程分析...............................................................................................134.2各模块功能程序.......................................................................................................144.2.1手动模块程序................................................................................................144.2.2自动模块程序.................