2019届高考英语二轮复习短文语法填空专题-词法篇—代词、冠词和介词-课件(192张)

词法篇—代词、冠词和介词2019届二轮复习语法专题经典品味洞察考向专题精析考点突破内容索引精选模拟强化训练经典品味洞察考向根据空格后的名词及上文中的alivelythree-month-oldtwin可知要用形容词性物主代词。考点一代词Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦考向1人称、物主与反身代词1.Onmyrecentvisit，Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby(it)mother.(2016·全国Ⅰ)典题试做its答案解析空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。2.Afewhoursbefore，I’dbeenathomeinHongKong，with(it)chokingsmog.Here，theairwascleanandfresh，evenwiththerain.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析its句意为：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。Itoccurredtosb.that...某人突然想到……，固定句型，此句型中sb.为宾语，应用宾格形式，故填him。3.Nowitoccurredto(he)thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.(2015·广东)答案解析him此题答案不唯一，要根据语境仔细揣摩。此处的it如果指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的话，那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。4.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked，“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop？”Awomanonthebusshouted，“Ohdear!It’s________(I).”(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)答案解析me/mine根据语境可知，此处表示他(thenewboy)摘下眼镜，故空格处指thoseglasses，作takeoff的宾语，且为复数形式，故填them。5.“Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons？”theteacherasked.Thenewboyshookhishead...Thenhetookoff，gaveabigsmileandsaid，“That’scool.”(2012·广东)答案解析them根据句意可知此处应该填入指代leg的代词。句意为：抬起腿，让它(it)在空中停一会儿。考向2it及替代词1.Jonny：Keepholdingyourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.Raiseyourlegandletstayintheairforseconds.(2014·辽宁)答案解析it从空后的awonderfulholidaydestination可知，这个地方就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地点。2.Lastyear，mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaidwasawonderfulholidaydestination.(2014·广东)答案解析it句意为：在那个学生离开后，这位老师让另一位学生品尝泉水。another又一个，另一个。考向3不定代词1.Afterthestudentleft，theteacherletstudenttastethewater.(2010·广东)答案解析another根据上文可知，空后的us指上文提到的“theman”和“I”，故此处指这使我们“两个人”都感到很好。2.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehadanamazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadethechoice.Itmadeofusfeelgood.(2011·广东)答案解析both考查形容词性物主代词的用法。根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)考向1指代不一致1.Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案解析our考查反身代词。根据句意，此处指“我自己”。2.Atfirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案解析myself3.Whenhecameback，Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.(2016·四川)由前面的Whenhecameback可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。答案解析his4.Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso，we’lllivetoregretit.(2015·全国Ⅰ)our/the依据前后句的语境及逻辑关系可知，your与上下文相悖，结合句意应当改为our/the才能使句意通顺。答案解析5.AsItoldyoulasttime，Imadethreenewfriendshere...，butI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Ifyouwereme，wouldyoutalktohim？Pleasehelpmeandgivemesomeadvice.(2015·四川)根据上文可知，此处指作者交的三个新朋友，故用them。句意为：你会和他们谈吗？them答案解析由句意可知，此处代替前面的单数abeautifulpark，故用it。6.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.(2015·浙江)答案解析it根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语Tom相一致的物主代词his。考向2代词的缺失与误用1.Fiveminuteslater，Tonysawparents.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析∧hissomething一般用在肯定句中，表示“一些事”；anything一般用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“任何事”。2.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.(2015·陕西)答案解析something根据句意可知，此处指的是花费很多钱，代指不可数名词，故用much而非many。3.It’sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.(2015·四川)答案解析much从后面的“theywerelikerain”可知，射出去的箭不止两支，因此应把Neither改为None。4.Neitherofthearrowshitthetarget.Suddenlythearrowswereflyingdownatusfromthesky—theywerelikerain！(2014·陕西)答案解析Noneset的主语which指代adeepvoice，而非he，故应用宾格him。5.Hehadadeepvoice，whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown，andhewasstrongandpowerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)答案解析him由句意可知，us指的是前面提到的“我”和“她”两个人，故应用both。6.Afterthinkingforsometime，Ilethercopymyanswers.Butafterthetest，allofuswerecalledtotheteacher’soffice.(2013·四川)答案解析both句意为：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a是不定冠词，表示泛指“一个……”，修饰可数名词单数。考点二冠词Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦考向1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词1.Heownedfarm，whichlookedalmostabandoned.(2015·广东)答案解析aonthetopfloor在顶层。2.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon____topfloor.(2014·广东)答案解析the由上文中的关键词twin，one可知这里考查one...theother...(一个……另一个……)的用法。故答案为the。考向2固定结构中的冠词1.Onmyrecentvisit，Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwin...Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed，otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案解析the让你的身体和思想休息一会儿。固定表达forawhile一会儿。2.Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案解析a空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。3.Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven____mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案解析theasmallamountof少量的，为固定搭配。4.Inthebeginning，therewasonlyverysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld，buteveryoneaddedalittle，alwaysthinkingthatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant，andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.(2013·广东)答案解析a此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)考向1冠词的遗漏1.Butinthatcase，wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.(2016·全国Ⅱ)答案解析∧theattheendof在……结束时，为固定搭配。2.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday，we’dgreethimatthedoor.(2016·浙江)答案解析∧the此处特指我们家的厨房。3.IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIcookedinkitchen.(2016·四川)答案解析∧theinthecountryside在乡村，为固定短语。4.NowIamlivinginacity，butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanandthemountainsaregreen.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案解析∧theinahurry匆匆忙忙，为固定短语。5.Ontheri