高级英语第五课love-is-a-fallacy

NoteAboutTheAuthorName:MaxShulmanBorn:Mar14,1919inSt.Paul,MinnesotaDied:Aug28,1988inLosAngeles,CaliforniaOccupation:WriterActive:'50sMajorGenres:Comedy,RomanceCareerHighlights:HouseCalls,Rally'roundtheFlag,Boys!,TheTenderTrapFirstMajorScreenCredit:HalfaHero(1953)MaxShulman(March14,1919–August28,1988)isa20thcenturyAmericanwriterbestknownforhistelevisionandshortstorycharacterDobieGillis,aswellasforbest-sellingnovels.Hiswritingoftenfocusedonyoungpeople,particularlyinacollegiatesetting.ShulmanworksincludethenovelsRallyRoundtheFlag,Boys!andSleepTillNoon.Hewasalsoaco-writer,withRobertPaulSmith,ofthelong-runningBroadwayplay,TheTenderTrap,starringRobertPreston,whichwaslatermadeintoasuccessfulmovie.However,heisprobablybestrememberedforhiscreationofthecharacterDobieGillis,whowasthesubjectofaseriesofshortstoriescompiledunderthetitle,TheManyLovesofDobieGillis,whichbecamethebasisforaCBStelevisionseriesofthesamename,andhadpreviouslybeenthesubjectofafilm,TheAffairsofDobieGillis(1953).Shulmanwasalsothewriteroftheseries'themesong.Thesameyearthattheseriesbegan,1959,anovelcontinuingtheadventuresofDobieandhisfriends,IWasaTeenageDwarf,waspublished.(Itstitlewasatakeoffonwhatisnowseenasaschlockhorrorclassic,IWasaTeenageWerewolf,starringMichaelLandon.)Shulmanwasalsoascreenwriter.Hewasoneofthecollaboratorsonatelevisiondocumentary,Light'sDiamondJubilee,whichwassupposedlyacelebrationofthe75thanniversaryoftheinventionofthelightbulbbyThomasA.Edison,butwhichwasinrealitylittlemorethanapublicrelationspiecefortheelectricindustry,asitspredecessorfilm,Light'sGoldenJubilee,hadbeen25yearsbeforeAfterhissuccesswiththeGillischaracter,Shulmancontinuedtowrite.Hishumorcolumn,OnCampus,wassyndicatedinover350collegiatenewspapersatonepoint.Alaternovel,AnyoneGotaMatch?,satirizedboththetelevisionandtobaccoindustries,aswellastheSouthandcollegefootball.HislastmajorsuccessfulprojectwashisworkonHouseCalls,whichbeganasa1978moviebasedononeofhisstorieswhichstarredWalterMatthauandGlendaJackson,andlaterbecameatelevisionseries(1979–1981)starringWayneRogersandLynnRedgraveinthesameroles,forwhichhewastheleadwriter.Aprolificwriterofsatiricalhumor,MaxShulmanwasborninSt.Paul,Minnesota,USA,thesonofaRussianimmigranthousepainter,andbeganhiswritingcareerforthecollegehumormagazineattheUniversityofMinnesota.HisworktherecametothenoticeofaDoubledayeditor,whoencouragedthestudenttoturnhisbestworkintoanovel,BarefootBoyWithCheek,whichbecameabest-sellerin1943.Aftergraduation,ShulmanservedintheUSArmyAirCorps,duringwhichtimehewrotetwomorenovels,TheFeatherMerchants,acomicnovelaboutmilitarylife,andTheZebraDerby,publishedafterthewar.Afterreturningtocivilianlife,Shulmanbecameafull-timewriter,turningoutalargequantityofnovels,shortstories,stageandscreenplaysandtelevisionscriptsoverthenextfourdecades.Mr.Shulmanissurvivedbyhiswife,Mary;threesons,DanielofMinneapolis,MaxofManhattan,andPeter,ofVanNuys,Calif.;twodaughters,Martha,ofLondon,andMelody,ofManhattan;sevengrandchildren,andasister,EstherFeldman,ofSt.Paul.CharlesLamb(1775-1834)EnglishessayistandcriticwhoisnowbestknownforhisEssaysofElia(1823,1833).HecollaboratedwithhissisterMaryinadaptingShakespeare'splaysintostoriesforchildren.TalesfromShakespeareSpecimensofEnglishDramaticPoetsThomasCarlyle(1795-188)HeproducedSartorResartus1833-34,thebookinwhichhefirstdevelopedhischaracteristicstyleandthought.ThisbookisaveiledSardonic(scornful挖苦的)attackupontheshamsandpretencesofsociety,uponhollowrank,hollowofficialism,hollowcustom,outofwhichlifeandusefulnesshavedeparted.Carlyledevelopedapeculiarstyleofhisownwhichwascalled---CarlyeseCarlylismRuskin:JohnRuskin(1819-1900),Britishwriter,artcriticandsocialtheorist.Heconsideredagreatpaintngtobeonethatconveysgreatideastotheviewer.Duringthemid-19thcenturyRuskinwasthevirtualofartisticopinioninEngland,buthehasbeentreatedharshlyby20thcenturycritics.HisworksincludeMODERNPAINTERS(1843-1860),THESEVENLAMPSOFARCHITECTURE(1849),SESAMEANDLILIES(1865),THECROWNOFWILDOLIVE(1866),TIMEANDTIDE(1867),andFORSCLAVIGERA(8vols,1871-1884)Logicalfallacy:逻辑谬论逻辑论证，即提出支持某些论题或结论的论据。论证有两个部分组成：论点所支持的结论，与引证结论的某些前提。而结论是经由前提所推导出来的。当前提为结论提供确凿证据时，论据的演绎推理便有效；反之则会成为谬论。成为谬误的方式有三种：a内容，即事实陈述错误；b措词，即术语使用错误；c结构（或形式），即推导过程错误。那么，逻辑谬误可分为三类，即内容（material）谬误，措词（verbal）谬误以及形式（formal）谬误。SUMMARYItisaboutalawstudentwhotriestomarrythegirlaftersuitablere-education,buthe'sbeentoocleverforhisowngood.Thenarrator,DobieGillis,afreshmaninalawschool,istheprotagonist1.DobieGillis--alawschoolstudentveryyoungcleverover-conceited--cool,logical,keen,calculating,perspicacious,acute,astute,powerful,precise,penetrating2.PeteyBurch--pitiful,dump,roommate,faddist3.PollyEspy---beautiful,gracious,stupidRelationshipRaccooncoatpollyBurchDobieGilliswantBelongstoWantawifeBelongstoOrganizationalPatternprefacepara1-3Itistheauthor'snote.1.Theauthor'sideaaboutthisstory.2.Theauthor'sideaaboutthepurposeofthisstory.OrganizationalPatternSectⅠpara.4--59thebargainbetweenthelawstudentandhisroommateovertheexchangeofthegirl,LoveisaFallacy(Para20---Para57)Ihadlongcoveted……entire