您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 其它文档 > 2012高考英语人教版选修8unit1知识与要点
话题1.HistoryandgeographyoftheUSA(美国的历史和地理)2.Nationalityandpeople(国籍和民族)3.Customsandculture(风俗和文化)功能1.Howtoencourageotherstospeak(如何鼓励别人讲话)2.Directionandposition(方向和位置)语法ReviseNounClauses(astheSubject,ObjectandPredicative)(复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语的用法)重点单词means,majority,despite,distinct,percentage,boom,applicant,customs,occur,luggage,grasp,justice,authority,apparent,apparently,slip,indicate,hire,nowhere,punishment,reform重点短语liveon,bymeansof,makealife,keepup,occurtosb.,backtoback,teamupwithsb.,agreat/goodmany,markout,takein,applyfor重点句型1.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.2.Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.3.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.4.AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,itwasthebuildingofthenetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.1.meansn.[C]方法;手段归纳拓展(1)means表示“方法,方式,手段”,其单复数同形。当means作主语且前面有every,each等修饰语时谓语动词用单数;前面有some,many,several,all等修饰语时谓语动词用复数。(2)means一般用于以下搭配:byallmeans尽一切办法;一定;不惜一切地;(用于交际英语表示答应、同意)当然可以,没问题bymeansof用;依靠;通过bynomeans/notbyanymeans绝不(置于句首时,主句用部分倒装)bythismeans用这种方法归纳拓展(3)与bythismeans相似的短语:inthisway,withthemethod表示“做……的方法”的表述:themeansof(doing)sth.themethodof(doing)sth.theapproachto(doing)sth.thewayof/todosth.Canyousolvetheproblembythismeans?你能用这种方法解决这个问题吗?Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnoneworked.=Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried,butnoneworked.各种可能的办法都尝试了,但没有一种奏效。—CanIseeit?我可以看看吗?—Byallmeans.当然可以。【链接训练】It'snothingunusualtoexperiencefailure,and______oughtwetobesodiscouraged.A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.bynomeansD.inanycondition【解析】bynomeans意为“决不”,具有否定意义,放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。innotime意为“马上”;byallmeans“一定,必定”;inanycondition“在任何情况下”,均与题意不符,故排除。【答案】C2.majorityn.大多数;多半;大多归纳拓展(1)ina/themajority占大多数get/gainthemajority赢得多数票haveamajorityoversb.拥有多数……;战胜某人by/withamajorityof以大多数……赢得……(2)(反)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数(3)majoradj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修课程;专业课vi.主修(常构成majorin...主修……)Themajorityofdoctorsbelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。Hewontheseatwithamajorityof71votes.他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。ShewantstomajorinEnglishatcollege.她想在大学里主修英语。诱导展望(1)themajorityof+名词,表示“大多数,许多”,其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。Themajorityof复数名词+复数谓语动词不可数名词+单数谓语动词Themajorityofcriminalsarenonviolent.大多数犯罪不是暴力性质的。Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.大多数损坏易于修复。(2)a/themajority可单独使用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheproposal.多数人赞成这个建议。【链接训练】Don'tworryaboutthepresentsituationintheworld;________ofpeoplepreferpeacetowar.A.themostB.thegreatpartC.themajorityD.thenumber【解析】themajorityof+名词,表示“大多数”。其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。句意为:不要担心当今世界的形势,大多数人更热爱和平。【答案】C3.percentagen.百分比;百分率归纳拓展(1)percentage百分比,百分率,其前不用具体的数字修饰,可以被high,low等形容词修饰。(2)percent百分之……,相当于“%”,其前面往往用具体数字修饰。(3)“apercentageof+n.”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数视名词的单复数形式而定。Theunemploymentpercentagekeepsrisingintherecentfinancialcrisis.在最近的金融危机中,失业人口的比例不断上升。Californiaisastatewithahighpercentageofimmigrants.加利福尼亚是一个移民比例很高的城市。OverninetypercentofmyclassmateshaveanEnglishdictionary.我的同学超过百分之九十都有一本英语词典。【链接训练】Alarge________ofthehotel'sincome________fromthevisitorstothelakenearby.A.percentage;areB.percentage;isC.percent;areD.percent;is【解析】apercentageof+n.在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数,income是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用is,排除A项;percent前面往往用具体数字修饰,故排除C、D两项。【答案】B4.occurvi.发生;出现;存在注意:occur当“发生”讲时,不可用于被动语态,其过去式、过去分词分别为:occurred,occurred。归纳拓展(1)sth.occurredtosb.Itoccurredtosb.todosth.Itoccurredtosb.thatclause某人突然想起……(2)occurrencen.[C]发生的事情,存在的事物;[U]发生,存在,出现Anideaoccurredtome.我突然想到一个主意。Itdidn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.她没想到请别人帮忙。AfantasticmudrockflowoccurredinZhouquofGansuonAugust7th,2010.2010年8月7日,甘肃省舟曲县发生了特大泥石流灾害。ItoccurredtomethatIhadseenthepersonsomewherebefore.我想起以前在什么地方见过这个人。【链接训练】①—Whyareyousolate?—Iwasinhalfthewaywhenit________tomethatIhadleftmynotebookhome,soIhadtofetchit.A.occurredB.hitC.happenedD.reminded【解析】itoccurredtosb.that...意为“某人突然想起……”。答句句意为:我在半路突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里,所以只好回去取。【答案】A②Shecouldn'tremembernamesofhercollegeclassmates,buthisnamefrequently________tohermemory.A.happenedB.occurredC.struckD.compared【解析】happento意为“碰巧发生”;occurto意为“突然想起;浮现”;strike意为“突然想到,一下子想起”时,后面直接跟宾语;compareto意为“比作”。【答案】B5.indicatevt.指出;标出;表明;暗示归纳拓展(1)indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出某物indicatethat...示意,表明……(2)indicationn.指示;象征,表明;表示某种意思的言语、姿势、记号等indicationof(doing)sth.=indicationastosth./that……的迹象(3)indicatorn.指示信号;指示者;标志trafficindicator(汽车等的)方向灯WithanodofhisheadheindicatedtomewhereIshouldsit.他点头示意我应坐的地方。Theministerhasindicatedthathemayresignnextyear.该总理已示意他明年可能辞职。Aredskyatnightoftenindicatesfineweatherthenextday.红色的夜空往往预示第二天天气晴朗。Theygavenoindicationofhowtheworkshouldbedone.他们根本没说明这项工作该怎么做。【链接训练】Aflashingredlight________thatastretchofroadwasunderrepair.A.indicatedB.suggestedC.symbolizedD.represented【解析】句意为:闪烁的红灯表示前边一段路正在修复中。indicate意为“表明,指示”,指文字、符号及标志所表示的简明意思。suggest意为“暗示,建议”;symbolize意为“象征”,指抽象象征概念;represent意为“作为一群人的代表,作为……的发言人”。【答案】A1.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;谋生归纳拓展makealiving=earnone'sliving谋生live/leada...life过着……的生活cometolife突然苏醒;
本文标题:2012高考英语人教版选修8unit1知识与要点
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-4716984 .html