呼啸山庄中英文双语介绍

[键入文字]WutheringHeights《呼啸山庄》（WutheringHeights），英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（EmilyBrontë）的小说，也是她唯一的一部小说，于1847年首度出版。当时因为内容对人性丑恶的描写而遭致非议，被称为是一本“可怕而野蛮”的书，书中写尽了寂寥的荒野、偏僻的古堡、粗暴的爱情，气氛阴郁而浓厚，被当时人所不容。但是随着时间的推移，这部小说逐渐的被主流社会所认同，并且被认为是勃朗特姐妹所有的作品中最为出色的一部。艾米丽独特的气质，对世界的感悟，对荒原的依恋和描写，给这部小说增添了独特的审美意味，这是这部小说明显不同于维多利亚时代其他小说的原因。其中也继承了象征、恐怖和神秘等哥特小说手法。小说的背景是十八世纪英格兰北部的约克郡，呼啸山庄的主人、恩肖先生（Earnshaw）带回一个身分不明的吉普赛男孩，取名希斯克利夫（Heathcliff），这位小男孩夺去了主人对小主人亨德利（Hindley）和他妹妹凯瑟琳（Catherine）的宠爱。主人恩肖死后，亨德利从外地娶回一女子(法兰西斯)，继承了山庄，为了报复，他把希斯克利夫贬为奴仆，并百般迫害，可是妹妹凯瑟琳却和他产生了爱情，希斯克利夫天性倔强，性格敏感而多疑，两人之间却又存在着激烈的冲突。后来，凯瑟琳受外界影响，改而爱上有钱、成熟的画眉庄园的青年埃德加·林顿（EdgarLinton）。使希斯克利夫在暴风雨之夜愤而出走，三年后再出现时，已经是一名富商，他的出现造成呼啸山庄诡异的气氛，希斯克利夫的爱变得偏激，他不但想报复凯瑟琳，还不放过她身边的每一个人，他用赌博赢得了山庄，亨德利成为他的仆人，亨德利最后死得不明不白，儿子哈里顿则成了奴仆。他还故意娶了埃德加的妹妹伊莎贝拉（Isabella）为妻，造成兄妹失和，并施以迫害。埃德加反对凯瑟琳和希斯克里夫继续来往，这使得凯瑟琳越来越忧郁，内心痛苦不堪的凯瑟琳在生产中死去。希斯克利夫甚至想把凯瑟琳的遗体从坟墓里挖出来见最后一面。十多年后，希斯克利夫又设法强迫埃德加的女儿小凯瑟琳，嫁给自己即将死去的儿子林敦。埃德加和林敦都死了，希斯克利夫最终把埃德加的财产也据为己有。复仇得逞了，他对凯瑟琳的爱是粗暴的，却也是无可取代的，他甚至希望死后能把棺材打开，跟凯瑟琳灵魂长相厮守，最终不吃不喝、苦恋而亡。小凯瑟琳和哈里顿继承了山庄和田庄的产业，两人终于相爱，在画眉田庄安顿下来。WutheringHeightsistheonlypublishednovelbyEmilyBrontë,writtenbetweenOctober1845andJune1846[1]andpublishedinJulyofthefollowingyear.ItwasnotprinteduntilDecember1847underthepseudonymEllisBell,afterthesuccessofhersisterCharlotteBrontë'snovelJaneEyre.AposthumoussecondeditionwaseditedbyCharlottein1850.[2]ThetitleofthenovelcomesfromtheYorkshiremanoronthemoorsofthestory.Thenarrativecentresontheall-encompassing,passionate,butultimatelydoomedlovebetweenCatherineEarnshawandHeathcliff,andhowthisunresolvedpassioneventuallydestroysthemandthepeoplearoundthemOpening(chapters1to3)In1801,Mr.Lockwood,arichmanfromthesouthofEngland,rentsThrushcrossGrangeinthenorthofEnglandforpeaceandrecuperation.Soonafterhisarrival,hevisitshislandlord,Mr.Heathcliff,wholivesintheremotemoorlandfarmhousecalled[键入文字]WutheringHeights.HefindstheinhabitantsofWutheringHeightstobearatherstrangegroup:Mr.Heathcliffappearsagentlemanbuthismannerismssuggestotherwise;thereservedmistressofthehouseisinhermid-teens;andayoungmanappearstobeoneofthefamily,althoughhedressesandtalkslikeaservant.Beingsnowedin,Mr.Lockwoodstaysthenightandisshowntoanunusedchamber,wherehefindsbooksandgraffitifromaformerinhabitantofthefarmhousenamedCatherine.Whenhefallsasleep,hehasanightmareinwhichheseesCatherineasaghosttryingtoenterthroughthewindow.Heathcliffrushestotheroomafterhearinghimyellinginfear.HebelievesMr.Lockwoodistellingthetruth,andinspectsthewindow,openingitinafutileattempttoletCatherine'sspiritinfromthecold.Afternothingeventuates,HeathcliffshowsMr.Lockwoodtohisownbedroom,andreturnstokeepguardatthewindow.Assoonasthesunrises,Mr.LockwoodisescortedbacktoThrushcrossGrangebyHeathcliff.There,heaskshishousekeeper,NellyDean,totellhimthestoryofthefamilyfromtheHeights.TheChildhoodofHeathcliff(chapters4to17)Thirtyyearsprior,theEarnshawfamilylivedatWutheringHeights.ThechildrenofthefamilyaretheteenagedHindleyandhisyoungersister,Catherine.Mr.EarnshawtravelstoLiverpool,wherehefindsahomelessdark-skinnedboywhomhedecidestoadopt,naminghimHeathcliff.Hindleyfindshimselfrobbedofhisfather'saffectionsandbecomesbitterlyjealousofHeathcliff.However,Catherinegrowsveryattachedtohim.Soon,thetwochildrenspendhoursonthemoorstogetherandhateeverymomentapart.BecauseofthedomesticdiscordcausedbyHindley'sandHeathcliff'ssiblingrivalry,Hindleyiseventuallysenttocollege.However,hemarriesawomannamedFrancesandreturnsthreeyearslater,afterMr.Earnshawdies.HebecomesmasterofWutheringHeights,andforcesHeathclifftobecomeaservantinsteadofamemberofthefamily.SeveralmonthsafterHindley'sreturn,HeathcliffandCatherinetraveltoThrushcrossGrangetospyontheLintonfamily.However,theyarespottedandtrytoescape.Catherine,havingbeencaughtbyadog,isbroughtinsidetheGrangetohaveinjuriestendedtowhileHeathcliffissenthome.CatherineeventuallyreturnstoWutheringHeightsasachangedwoman,lookingandactingasalady.ShelaughsatHeathcliff'sunkemptappearance.WhentheLintonsvisitthenextday,Heathcliffdressesuptoimpressher.ItfailswhenEdgar,oneoftheLintonchildren,argueswithhim.Heathcliffislockedintheattic,whereCatherinelatertriestocomforthim.HeswearsvengeanceonHindley.Inthesummerofthenextyear,Francesgivesbirthtoason,Hareton,butshedies[键入文字]beforetheyearisout.ThisleadsHindleytodescendintoalifeofdrunkennessandwaste.TwoyearspassandCatherinehasbecomeclosefriendswithEdgar,growingmoredistantfromHeathcliff.OnedayinAugust,whileHindleyisabsent,EdgarcomestovisitCatherine.ShehasanargumentwithNelly,whichthenspreadstoEdgarwhotriestoleave.Catherinestopshimand,beforelong,theydeclarethemselveslovers.Later,CatherinetalkswithNelly,explainingthatEdgarhadaskedhertomarryhimandshehadaccepted.ShesaysthatshedoesnotreallyloveEdgarbutHeathcliff.UnfortunatelyshecouldnevermarryHeathcliffbecauseofhislackofstatusandeducation.ShethereforeplanstomarryEdgarandusethatpositiontohelpraiseHeathcliff'sstanding.Unfortunately,Heathcliffhadoverheardthefirstpartaboutnotbeingabletomarryhimandrunsaway,disappearingwithoutatrace.Afterthreeyears,EdgarandCatherinearemarried.Sixmonthsafterthemarriage,Heathcliffreturnsasagentleman,havin