仁爱版七年级英语下册Unit6-topic1教材讲解

1Unit6OurLocalAreaTopic1Isthereacomputerinyourstudy?一.重难点讲解1、Thereis/are…（1）用法：Therebe有，其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。（2）几种基本句式：Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.桌上有一本书和两支笔。Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.桌上有两支笔和一本书。Thereisn’tabookonthedesk.桌上没有一本书。Therearen’ttwopensonthedesk.桌上没有两支笔。Isthereabookonthedesk?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.桌上有一本书吗？是的，有。不，没有。Aretheretwopensonthedesk?Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.桌上有两支笔吗？是的，有。不，没有。（3）与have的区别：类型TherebeHave涵义不同侧重存在关系，表示某地或某时间存在某人/某物，there只是引导词，无意义。如：Thereisaboatintheriver.河里有一条船。侧重所属关系，示属于……所拥有的东西，第三人称用has。如：Ihaveanicewatch.我有一块好看的手表。Shehasanewcomputer.她有一台新电脑。句型不同1.肯定式：Thereis/are+主语+其它。2.否定式：Thereis/are+not+主语+其它。3.疑问式：--Is/Arethere+主语+其它？--Yes,thereis/are.--No,thereisn't/aren't1.肯定式：主语+have/has+其它。2.吉伯定式：a)主语+don't/doesn'thave+其它；b)主语+haven't/hasn't+其它。3.疑问式：a)--Do/does+主语+have+其它？--Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+don't/doesn't.b)--Have/Has+主语+其它？--Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+haven't/hasn't.主谓一致不同1.Thereis+单数主语/不可数主语…如：Thereissomemilkinhtebottle.Thereisahatonthedesk.2.Thereare+复数主语…如：Therearesomeflowersinthebasket.3.Thereis+单数主语+and+复数主语…如：Thereisamouseandtwopensonthe1.主语（第三人称单数）+has+…如：Shehasmanynewclothes.Tomhasanicefeather.2deak.4.Thereare+复数主语+and+单数主语…如：Therearetwopensandamouseonthedesk.2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+…如:Youhavesomegoodfirendsbuttheyhavefew.划线提问不同1.对主语提问一律用What's+某地/某时？结构，其中谓语动词须用is，且there要省略。如：Therearesomepicturesonthewall.---What'sonthewall?2.对地点提问要用Whereis/arethere…?如：Thereisablackcarunderthetree.--Whereisthereablackcar?3.对主语的数量提问要用Howmany+主语（复数）+arethere…?/Howmuch+主语（不可数）+isthere…?如：There'rethreepeopleinmyfamily.--Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?There'ssomericeinthebag.---Howmuchriceisthereinthebag?1.对主语提问要用Who/has/have+…?如：Maryhasasweater.--Whohasasweater?Wehavenewbrooms.--Whohsvenewbrooms?2.对宾语提问要用Whathave/has+主语？/Whatdodoes+主语+have…?如：Myfatherhasabigfarm.Whathasyourfather?/Whatdoesyourfatherhave?3.对宾语的数量提问用Howmany+复数名词+have/has+主语？/Howmuch+不可数名词+have/has+主语？或Howmany+复数名词+do/does+主语+have?/Howmuch+不可数名词+do/does+主语+have?如：Ihavetwopictures.--Howmanypicturesdoyouhave?/Howmanypictureshaveyou?注意therebe结构在改为否定或疑问句时，一般将some改为any.如：Therearesomedishesonthedesk.--Therearen'tanydishesonthedesk./Arethereanydishesonthedesk?have句型在改为否定句时，也应将some改为any.如：Shehassomefruit.--Shehasn't/doesn'thaveanyfruit./Hassheanyfruit?/Doesshehaveanyfruit?注：在表示附属于某物/某处的东西时，therebe结构与have句型都可以用。如：Therearefourwindowsintheclassroom=Theclassroomhasfourwindows.Thehousehaseighteenfloors.=Thereareeighteenfloorsinthehouse.2、It’sonthesecondfloor.Thereisastudynexttomybedroom.它在二楼。我卧室的隔壁有一间书房。（1）floor“地板；楼层”,常以介词on连用。表示楼层时，英美之间是有区别的：英国美国一楼：thegroundfloorthefirstfloor二楼：thefirstfloorthesecondfloor三楼：thesecondfloorthethirdfloor在表示几层楼的房间时，不用floor,而用story(美)或storey(英)Eg:afive-story/storeyhouse一栋五层的房间。Myfamilylivesonthefourthfloorofthat15-story/storeybuilding.我家住在那座十五层楼房的四层楼上。（2）nextto在……近旁，紧邻3IsitnexttoJim.我坐在吉姆旁边。3、Isthereacomputerinypurstudy?你的书房里有电脑吗？（1）study名词，“书房”复数为studies.Eg:Tomoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.汤姆经常在他的书房里做作业。Isthereasofainyourstudy?你的书房有沙发吗？（2）study动词，“学习，研究”Eg:WearestudyingSectionA.我们正在学习A部分。SuLandoesn’tstudyJapaneseatschool.苏兰在学校不学日语。3、Whynotcomeupstairsandhavealook?为什么不上楼来看看呢？（1）comeupstairs上楼。反义词“comedownstairs下楼”（2）havealook“看一看，瞧一瞧”后面可+atsthhavealookatsth看一看某物Eg:Letmehavealookatyourpictures.让我看看你的照片。“have+a+名词”结构havearide骑车haveaswim游泳haveawalk走路，散步haveasleep睡觉4、Oh,therearesomanybooksontheshelves.哇，书架上有这么多书啊！somany+名词复数“这么多的……”somuch+不可数名词“这么多的……”Eg:Therearesomanystudentshere.这儿有这么多的学生。Thereissomuchmilkinthebottle.瓶里有这么多的牛奶。5、He’sinfrontofthehouse.他在房子前面。Infrontof“在…前面”指在某物外面的前面反义词“atbackof“Eg:Infrontof/Atbackofmyhomethereisarive.在我家前/后面有一条河。Inthefrontof“在…的前部”指物体内部的前面反义词“atthebackof”Eg:Hesitsinthefrontof/atthebackoftheclassroom.他坐在教室的前面/后面6、JaneandMichaclaretalkingaboutherstudy.简和迈克尔正在谈论她的书房。Talkabout意为“谈、谈论”，后面接谈论的内容。Eg:Thestudentsaretalkingaboutthepicture.学生们正在谈论那幅画。Talkto/with意为“与….交谈”，后面接谈话的对象。Eg:MyEnglishteacheristalkingto/withmyfather.我的英语老师正在和我父亲谈话。7、It’snearmydesk.在我桌子附近。near意为“在….附近，靠近”。nextto是短语介词，意为“在…近旁”所表达的距离要比near更近。Eg:Sarahissittingnexttothewindow.萨拉挨着窗户坐着。Sarahissittingnearthewindow萨拉坐在窗户附近。8、Butthereisonenexttomyfamilyphotoonthewall……但是墙上全家福旁边有一个（挂钟）。onthewall在墙体外部表面。Eg:Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有副画。inthewall(全部或部分)在墙体里。Therearethreewindowsinthewall.墙上有三扇窗户。Thereisaholwinthewall.墙上有个洞。9、Don’tputthemthere.Putthemaway,please.别把它们放在那儿，请把它们收起来放好。（1）Don’tputthemthere.是否定形式的祈使句。句型结构Don’t+动词原形Eg:Don’tbelateforschool!上学别迟到！4（2）putaway“将……收起”短语动词相当于及物动词，后面加宾语。当宾语是代词时用宾格，且代词放在中间，若宾语是名词时可放后面也可放中间。Eg:putthemaway;putyourbooksaway=putawayyourbooks类似的用法还有puton（穿上）;takeoff（脱下）;giveback（归还）;workout（算出）.10、Howmanyplanesarethereinthedesk?桌上有几架飞机？howmany+可数名词复数+arethere+地点状语？由howmany引出的therebe句型中的数词提问，回答用therebe+数词（+名词+地点状语）Eg:Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?桌上有多少书？Therearesevenbooks.有七本书。对不可数名词前的词或短语提问，用howmuch+不可数名词+i是there+地点状语？Eg:Howmuchmilkisthereonthetable?桌上有多少牛奶？--Therearefivebottlesofmilkonit.