新概念英语第三册笔记第37课

第1页Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车Newwordsandexpression生词和短语1.Expressn.快车；a..高速的（ad.快递地sendit~vt1、表达2、(想法、情感)流露;呈现）Expressway高速公路/Expresstrain快车Specialexpress特快/expresscoach长途汽车expressservice快车expresspost快件expressmail快件expressdelivery快递expresscompany快递公司2.Punctuala.准时的(=neitherearlynorlate)Bepunctualindoingsth在做。。。事方面相当准时--Inthemodernsociety,wemustbepunctualinwhatwearedoing.Bepunctualtotheminute非常的准时--Heisamanwhoispunctualtotheminute.副词：Punctually反义词：Unpunctual名词：Punctuality[,pʌŋktjʊ'ælɪtɪ]Promptlyadv.准时地[‘prɒmptli]1、迅速地（quickly）；立即（immediately）2、及时地；准时地--Hewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.ontime准时／intime及时punctual（adj.严守时刻的,准时的）[‘pʌŋktʃuəl]punctuallyadv.守时地prompt1、引起、促使、推动、导致tomakesbdecidetodosth;tocausesthtohappenprovoke1、[VN]激起；引起；引发tocauseaparticularreactionorhaveaparticulareffect2、~sb(intosth/intodoingsth)挑衅；激怒；刺激3.Conditionvt.使习惯于(=Formahabitin)（习惯于(以某种方式做事或思考)[usupassive]使适应；以…为条件）--Societyhasconditionedeachoneofus.这个社会已经使我们大家都适应了。Beconditiontosth--Eachoneofushasbeenconditionedtosociety.--theplantshavebeenconditionedtothecoldweatherhere..(plant做主语)--Thecoldweatherhasconditionedtheplantshere.(coldweather做主语)1)(专业或贬义)训练，使…有反应conditiontodostheg.Theanimalsareconditionedtoexpectfoodatthesoundofthebell.被训练得习惯一听到铃声就想吃食物。eg.Peopleareconditionedbythesocietytheylivein.人们都习惯于适应所生活的社会空间。2)tocontrolordecide决定，取决eg.TheamountofmoneyIspendisconditionedbytheamountIearn.我花多少钱要看我收入多少而定。adaptv.渐渐适应adaptto适应eg.Itishardforapersonwholivesinnortherncountriestoadopttooctopus.adaptfor改编，改作（他用）eg.Theoriginalhasbeenadaptedforasoapopera.原著被改编成了一部肥皂剧。eg.Anoldhousewasadaptedforagarage.一间旧房子被改成了车库。adjustv.调整，校准，以适应（tomakesmallchangesespeciallytoitspositiontomakeitmoreeffective）eg.Myeyeshaven’tadjustedtothedarkyet.介词toeg.Thedesksandseatsmustbeadjustedtotheheightofanychild.桌椅必须调整以适应孩子们得高度。settlein/settleinto适应，融入新环境（tobecomeusedtoanewhome,job,surroundings）第2页eg.Ittookme3weekstosettleintolifeatcollege.n.条件（情况，状态，条件）onconditionthat在……条件下如果onnocondition在任何情况下都不(用在句首句子必须采用倒装)--Onnoconditionmustyoubelate.在任何情况下都不能迟到。ingood/badcondition情况良好(不好)incondition健康状况好（可以特指健康）outofcondition健康状况不好（可以特指健康）4.unshakablea.不可动摇的（坚定不移的）adj.不可动摇的；坚定不移的unalterable,unpersuadableshakable可动摇的；可震动的；可摇动的shake(shaking,shook,shaken,shakes)vt.动摇；摇动；震动；握手vi.动摇；摇动；发抖n.摇动；哆嗦milkshaketremble颤抖，发抖，指因寒冷、情绪变化、体弱多病而不由自主轻微地抖动。如：Apooroldwomanstoodatthecorner,tremblingwithage.shake颤抖，颤动，指任何短促而急促的摇动，有时喻指对决心，信念的动摇。如：Hewasshakingwithfear.(他吓得发抖。)Nothingcanshakeourdetermination.shiver战栗，寒战，指因寒冷，恐惧或体弱多病而引起的抖动。如：Theoldmanstoodshiveringinthewind-sweptstreet.(这位老人站在寒风凛冽的街上发抖。)5.faithn.信任=strongbelief/trust深信不疑，信仰，信心（n.信仰；信念；信任；忠实）keepfaithwithsb对某人守信用putone’sfaithinsth对……有信心onthefaithof在……保证下，凭……信用faithful忠实的，忠诚的；如实的；准确可靠的faithless不忠实的；无信的；无宗教信仰的词汇比较：faith语气较强，深信不疑，有时也能仅凭感觉产生的相信。信仰(比belief程度更重一些)belief可信赖，可接受，普通用词，指单纯从主观上的相信，不着重这种相信是否有根据。conviction坚定的信念，根据长期交往或实践，对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信，侧重其坚定性。trust相信，依赖（强调相信、信任的完全可靠。）credit语气最弱，着重以声誉为信任的基础。--Ihavefullcreditinyourabilitytodothisjob.6.cancelv.取消（tostopsth.plannedfromhappening）事先计划好的事物reschedulecancelanappointment--wehavetocanceltheappointment.cancelameeting词汇比较：Calloff取消，解除(可以替换cancel)Abolish废除（toofficiallyendalaw,systemespeciallyonethathasexistedforalongtime）--Thelawwasabolished.abolishracialsegregation废除种族隔离Rescind[rɪ'sɪnd]vt撤销，废止，废除,比abolish正式（非常正式的一个词，文件，公约常用）Writeoff注销，勾销--Writeoffthename.注销这个名字。Crossout划掉--Thewordhereisuseless,pleasecrossitout.deprivesbofsth剥夺，取消，丧失第3页eg.Thecriminalwasdeprivedofhispoliticalrights.eg.Thekidwasdeprivedofparentsinatrainaccident.7.exceptionallyadv.例外地（异常地；特殊地；例外地）词根：exceptadj.exceptional异常的，例外的conj.except除了；要不是exceptthat除了…之外上节课学的：assuming特殊的连词conj.假定认为…assumingthatconsideringthatgiventhat等prep.except除…之外8.dislocate['dɪsləkeɪt]v.打乱(计划等)（本意是vt.使脱臼（不能正常运转发挥功能）；然后，使混乱，扰乱）1)tospoilaplan,system,serviceetc.,sothatitcannotworknormallydislocateaplan打乱计划dislocateasystemdislocateserviceputaplanoutoforder打乱一个计划dislocatebusiness破坏生意dislocatemachinery2)toputaboneoutofplace使关节脱臼eg.Hefellfromhishorseanddislocatedhiscollarbone.他从马上跌下而使锁骨脱臼了。9.blamev.责怪（vt.责备；归咎于n.责备；责任；过失）1、归咎于Blamesbforsth归咎于（for后加结果forsomethingbad）blamethearmyforthechaosBlamesthonsth归咎于（on后加原因blamesomethingbadonsb/sth）blamethebreakdownontheschedule2、责备，责怪blamesbforsth/doingsthIdonotblamethemfortryingtomakesomemoney.3、动词词组：该受责备betoblame(for)（主动表被动）Iftheirforceswerenotinvolved,thenwhoistoblame?4、n.责备，及引申出“严重或程度高时”的“(事故、过失等的)责任”taketheblamefor承担责任I'mnotgoingtotaketheblameforamistakehemade.10.consultv.请教，查阅1)toasksb.forinformationoradviceasaprofessionalwhoissupposedtoknowaboutit请教，征求意consulthisdoctor找医生诊治consultadictionary查字典consultamap查地图2)toaskforsomeone’spermissionortodiscusssth.withsomeonesothatyoucanmakeadecisiontogetherconsultwith和…商议eg.I’llconsultwithmyparent’sbeforeImakeadecision.11.directadv.径直地（withoutstoppingorchangingdirectionorwithoutdealingwithanyoneelsefirst）flydirecttoChicago直飞芝加哥contactthemanagerdirect直接与经理联系eg.It’susuallycheapertobuythegoodsdirectfromthewholesaler.directly直率地，直截了当地speakdirectlyaskdirectlyanswerdirectlyeg.She