基于单片机的防盗报警器设计(大学本科毕业论文)

毕业设计(论文)题目基于单片机的红外报警器设计院系机械工程系专业班级机械工程及自动化专业班学生姓名指导教师二○一六年六月华北电力大学科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）II基于单片机的红外报警器设计摘要本次基于单片机的红外报警器的设计以MCS-51系列单片机AT89C51为核心逻辑控制模块，以热释电红外传感器制作简单、抗干扰力强、灵敏度高、成本低、防盗性能稳定，以及安装比较方便且较隐蔽，不易被发觉等优点设计的无线主动式红外线报警系统。热释电红外传感器能以非接触形式检测出人体辐射的红外线，通过感知发射电路红外线被遮挡与否来确定是否有人闯入，如果有人闯入热释电红外传感器的监控范围且红外线被遮挡时，它能以非接触形式检测出人体辐射的红外线或入射红外线的能量变化，经过传感器内置的干涉滤光片消除因环境和自身变化引起的干扰信号从而将有效信号平滑地变为一个方波信号，通过相关模块将这个方波信号转换成电压信号输出，并通过单片机系统的相关处理后驱动由扬声器和LED灯组成的声光报警器发出报警信号，并在LCD显示器上显示预设信息。在设计中主要包括有软件和硬件两部分，硬件部分由单片机控制电路、红外探测电路、驱动执行报警电路、LED控制电路等部分组成，处理器采用51系列单片机AT89C51，输入接口采用74LS245芯片;软件采用单片机汇编语言编程，整个系统在系统软件控制的前提下进行工作，该报警器具有抗干扰能力强，灵敏度高，功耗低、体积小、操作方便，工作可靠等优点。关键词:AT89C51单片机；热释电红外传感器；74LS245芯片；报警电路华北电力大学科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）IIIIDESIGNOFINFRAREDALARMSYSTEMDASEDONSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERAbstractThedesignofsingle-chipinfraredalarmsystembasedonMCS-51seriessingle-chipmicrocomputerAT89C51asthecorelogiccontrolmodule,thepyroelectricinfraredsensorhastheadvantagesofsimplemanufacture,stronganti-interferenceability,highsensitivity,lowcost,anti-theftperformanceisstable,andinstallationmoreconvenientandmorehidden,cannoteasilybefound,etc.Designofradioactiveinfraredalarmsystem.Thepyroelectricinfraredsensorcandetecttheinfraredradiationofhumanbodyintheformofnoncontact,anddeterminewhetherornottheinfraredsensorcanbeblockedornottodeterminewhetherornottoenterthehumanbody,Ifsomeonebrokeintothepyroelectricinfraredsensormonitoringrangeandtheinfraredisblocked,thepyroelectricinfraredsensortodetectnoncontactformenergychangesofthehumanbodyinfraredradiationorincidentinfrared,throughtheinterferencefiltersensorbuilttoeliminatetheinterferencesignalcausedbyenvironmentanditschangewhichwilleffectivelychangethesignalsmoothingasasquarewavesignal,andthroughprocessingthesinglechipsystemdrivenbythesoundandlightalarmbuzzerandLEDlampiscomposedofanalarmsignal,anddisplaythepresetinformationinLCDdisplay.Pyroelectricinfraredsensorisnotonlysuitableforanti-theftalarmplaces.Inthedesignmainlyincludesthesoftwareandhardwaretwoparts.ThehardwarepartconsistsofMCUcontrolcircuit,infrareddetectioncircuit,drivecircuit,LEDcontrolcircuitandsoon.Theprocessoruses51seriessinglechipmicrocomputerAT89C51,theinputinterfaceusesthe74LS245chip;Softwareusingsingle-chipassemblylanguageprogramming,thesystemunderthepremiseofthesoftwareforthecontrolsystemofwork,thealarmhasstronganti-interferenceability,highsensitivity,lowpowerconsumption,smallvolume,convenientoperation,reliablework,etc..KeyWords:AT89C51MCU;Pyroelectricinfraredsensor;74LS245chip;Alarmcircuit华北电力大学科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）目录摘要.............................................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................................................II1绪论.........................................................................................................................................11.1红外报警器的研究背景.........................................................................................................11.2国内外防盗报警系统的发展.................................................................................................11.3防盗报警系统的发展前景与趋势.........................................................................................21.4本课题的主要内容.................................................................................................................22红外报警器的硬件设计.............................................................................................................32.1总体设计思路.......................................................................................................................32.2单片机的选择.........................................................................................................................32.2.1MCS-51系列AT89C51单片机简介..................................................................................42.2.2MCS-51系列AT89C51单片机I/O口的扩展..................................................................52.2.3MCS-51系列AT89C51单片机中断定时与串行口..........................................................82.3传感器的选择.........................................................................................................................92.3.1热释电红外传感器的简介与原理...................................................................................102.3.2热释电红外传感器的构成.............................................................................................102.3.3热释电红外传感器探测方式的选择.............................................................................122.4液晶显示设计.....................................................................................................................132.5红外报警系统电路的设计.................................................................................................142.5.1红外信号探测电路...........................................................................................................142.5.2红外报警电路..................................................................................................................