新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材-高级英语-第二册-Unit4

Unit4JohnSteinbeck’sNobelPrizeAcceptanceSpeech新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）高级英语（2）电子教案Contents3DetailedReading24516WarmUpGlobalReadingConsolidationActivitiesFurtherEnhancementTextAppreciationSection1:WarmUpDiscussionAnswerthefollowingquestions:1.CanyounamesomeoftheNobelLaureatesinLiteratureandthereasonsoftheirwinningtheprize?2.Whatarethemostdesiredqualitiesofagreatwriterinyouropinion?Lead-inBackgroundInformationSection1:WarmUp1.SomeNobelLaureatesinLiteratureinthelastfewyearsandthereasons:2012,ChinesewriterMoYan,“whowithhallucinatoryrealismmergesfolktales,historyandthecontemporary”;2011,SwedishwriterTomasTranströmer,“because,throughhiscondensed,translucentimages,hegivesusfreshaccesstoreality”;2010,SpanishwriterMarioVargasLlosa,“forhiscartographyofstructuresofpowerandhistrenchantimagesoftheindividual'sresistance,revolt,anddefeat”;Lead-inBackgroundInformationSection1:WarmUp2009,GermanwriterHertaMüller,“who,withtheconcentrationofpoetryandthefranknessofprose,depictsthelandscapeofthedispossessed”;2008,FrenchwriterJ.M.G.LeClézio,“authorofnewdepartures,poeticadventureandsensualecstasy,explorerofahumanitybeyondandbelowthereigningcivilization”;2007,BritishwriterDorisLessing,“thatepicistofthefemaleexperience,whowithscepticism,fireandvisionarypowerhassubjectedadividedcivilisationtoscrutiny”;Lead-inBackgroundInformationSection1:WarmUp2006,TurkishwriterOrhanPamuk,“whointhequestforthemelancholicsoulofhisnativecityhasdiscoverednewsymbolsfortheclashandinterlacingofcultures”;…Lead-inBackgroundInformationSection1:WarmUp2.Openfordiscussion.Thefollowingpointsareforreference:Open-minded;interesting;opinionated;observant;curious;imaginative;creative;dedicated;resilient;goodstory-teller;havingpersonaltone;loveofwords;…Lead-inBackgroundInformationSection1:WarmUpAbouttheAuthorJohnSteinbeck(1902-1968),borninSalinas,California,camefromafamilyofmoderatemeans.HeworkedhiswaythroughcollegeatStanfordUniversitybutnevergraduated.In1925hewenttoNewYork,wherehetriedforafewyearstoestablishhimselfasafree-lancewriter,buthefailedandreturnedtoCalifornia.Afterpublishingsomenovelsandshortstories,SteinbeckfirstbecamewidelyknownwithTortillaFlat(1935),aseriesofhumorousstoriesaboutMontereypaisanos.1902-1968BackgroundInformationLead-inSection1:WarmUpSteinbeck'snovelscanallbeclassifiedassocialnovelsdealingwiththeeconomicproblemsofrurallabor,butthereisalsoastreakofworshipofthesoilinhisbooks,whichdoesnotalwaysagreewithhisBackgroundInformationLead-inmatter-of-factsociologicalapproach.AftertheroughandearthyhumorofTortillaFlat,hemovedontomoreseriousfiction,oftenaggressiveinitssocialcriticism,toInDubiousBattle(1936),whichdealswiththestrikesofthemigratoryfruitpickersonCaliforniaplantations.ThiswasfollowedbyOfMiceSection1:WarmUpandMen(1937),thestoryoftheimbecilegiantLennie,andaseriesofadmirableshortstoriescollectedinthevolumeTheLongValley(1938).In1939hepublishedwhatisconsideredhisbestwork,TheGrapesofWrath,thestoryofOklahomatenantfarmerswho,unabletoearnalivingfromtheland,movedtoCaliforniawheretheybecamemigratoryworkers.AmonghislaterworksshouldbementionedEastofEden(1952),TheBackgroundInformationLead-inSection1:WarmUpWinterofOurDiscontent(1961),andTravelswithCharley(1962),atravelogueinwhichSteinbeckwroteabouthisimpressionsduringathree-monthtourinatruckthatledhimthroughfortyAmericanstates.HediedinNewYorkCityin1968.BackgroundInformationLead-inIn1962,SteinbeckwontheNobelPrizeforliteratureforhis“realisticandimaginativewriting,combiningasitdoessympathetichumorandkeensocialperception.”Section1:WarmUpAbouttheNobelPrizeTheNobelPrizeisasetofannualinternationalawardsbestowedinanumberofcategoriesbyScandinaviancommitteesinrecognitionofculturaland/orscientificadvances.ThewilloftheSwedishphilanthropistinventorAlfredNobelestablishedtheprizesin1895.TheprizesinPhysics,Chemistry,PhysiologyorMedicine,Literature,andPeacewerefirstawardedin1901.BackgroundInformationLead-inAlfredNobelSection1:WarmUpThePeacePrizeisawardedinOslo,Norway,whiletheotherprizesareawardedinStockholm,Sweden.TheNobelPrizeiswidelyregardedasthemostprestigiousawardavailableinthefieldsofliterature,medicine,physics,chemistry,peace,andeconomics.BackgroundInformationLead-inTheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardstheNobelPrizeinPhysics,theNobelPrizeinChemistry,andtheNobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicSciences;theNobelAssemblyatKarolinskaInstituteawardstheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine;theSwedishAcademygrantstheNobelPrizeinSection1:WarmUpLiterature;andtheNobelPeacePrizeisnotawardedbyaSwedishorganizationbutbytheNorwegianNobelCommittee.Eachrecipient,orlaureate,receivesagoldmedal,adiplomaandasumofmoney,whichisdecidedbytheNobelFoundation,yearly.Asof2012,eachprizewasworthUS$1.2million.Theprizeisnotawardedposthumously;however,ifapersonisawardedaprizeanddiesbeforereceivingit,theprizemaystillbepresented.Thoughtheaveragenumberoflaureatesperprizeincreasedsubstantiallyduringthe20thcentury,aprizemaynotbesharedamongmorethanthreepeople.BackgroundInformationLead-inSection1:WarmUpAbouttheNobelPrizeforLiteratureAccordingtothewillofAlfredNobel,“Thes