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Unit2GrammarTheUseof-ingForm(1)【学习目标】•1.TohelpstudentslearnaboutThe–ingformastheSubject&Object•2.Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructures.看图完成下面的句子。______________ismyfavouritesport.PlayingfootballMysisterenjoy_________aloneontheseashore.standingThecartoonis_________.amusingChinaisa___________country.developingWeheardTommy_______inhisroom.singingShesatatthedesk_______anewspaper.reading1.动词-ing形式的构成:是在动词末加-ing形式构成。如:do-doing,think-thinking,laugh-laughingwrite-writing,make-making,take-taking否定形式:not+-ing构成2.动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语,没人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。动词-ing形式3.动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成,它同时具有名词和动词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语等。动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。playingfootballsubjectPlayingfootballismyfavouritesport.Mysisterenjoystandingaloneontheseashore.standingusedastheobjectThecartoonisamusing.amusingusedasthepredicative说出下面句中动词-ing部分在句中作什么成分。Chinaisdevelopingcountry.developingusedastheattributeWeheardhersinginginherroom.singingusedastheobjectcomplementShesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.singingusedastheadverbial二.观察下列句子并分析斜体部分所充当的成分。1.GoingtoHangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.(主语)2.Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?(宾语)3.Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter.(宾语)4.It’sdangerousswimmingintheseaonwindydays.(主语)【课内探究】•一、动词-ing形式作主语•1.表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态,谓语动词通常用单数。•如:WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。•翻译:出国旅行是很激动人心的(travelabroad)Travellingabroadisveryexciting.在Itisnouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/awasteoftime/fun等后需要用动名词作真正的主语,it作形式主语。•如:It’sawasteoftimetalkingaboutsuchauselessthing.谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。•翻译:①这个问题值得讨论。Itisworthwhilediscussingthisquestion.•②为这件事找借口是没有用的。(makeanexcuse)Itisnousemakinganexcuseforthismatter.•动名词在“Thereis(was)no+doing”结构中作主语。Thereisnosense/nopoint/nouseindoing“做……没有道理/没有意义/没有用”。•如;Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.这种事开不得玩笑。•翻译:做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchastupidthing.•二、动名词作宾语•1.可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住:考虑建议盼原谅:consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon承认推迟没得想:admit,delay/putoff,fancy避免错过继续练;avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice否认完成停能赏:deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate不禁介意准逃亡;can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape不准冒险凭想象:forbid,risk,imagine•Ourmonitorsuggestedhaving(have)adiscussionofthissubject.•Peoplecouldn’thelplaughing(laugh)foolishman.人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。•2.一些动词短语也常跟v.-ing形式做宾语。常见的这类动词短语有这类动词还有:giveup,putoff,insiston,lookforward,feellike,payattentionto,getusedto,devote...to,objectto,begoodat,beworth,getdownto(着手做)等。•Doyoufeellikehaving(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?•—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?•-Oh,excellent.It'sworthreading(read)asecondtime•3.有些动词或词组后跟动词-ing或不定式都可以,但意思不同。stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodo停下来去做某事meandoingsth.意味着要做某事meantodosth.想要做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事trytodosth.努力做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做了某事remembertodosth.记住要去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做了某事forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettodosth.遗憾要去做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事•如:Heforgottoclosethedoorwhenheleft.他离开时忘记关门了。•Ishallneverforgetwatchingthesunriseoverthesea.(watch)我永远不会忘记观看海上日出的那幕情景。4.动词可接v.-ing的主动形式来表示被动意义.,相当于不定式的被动形式.如:need,want,require.eg.Mybikeneedsrepairing=Mybikeneedstoberepaired•我的自行车需要修理。三.v.-ing形式的否定形式v.-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在v.-ing形式之前。Excusemeformynotcomingontime.I'msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.V.-ing形式的复合结构V.-ing形式的复合结构的构成方式为:名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+V.-ing形式。此结构多在句中作主语和宾语,其中名词所有格/形容词性物主代词是V.-ing形式的逻辑主语。当该复合结构做宾语时,名词所有格可用普通格代替,形容词性物主代词可用宾格代替,作主语时不可以。Eg.Idon’tlikeyou/your/Tom/Tom’sbeinglate.Herbeinglateforclassmadeherteacherveryangry.D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trytodo(设法),trydoing(试试),meantodo(打算,有意要做),meandoing(意思是,意味着)。如:Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime.我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway.我们用别的方法做这个工作试试。Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry.我并不想让你生气。Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours.你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。E.goondoing和goontodo:goondoing继续做一直在做的事;goontodo接着做另一件事。如:Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise.请接着做同一个练习。Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise.请做另外一个练习。F.stopdoing与stoptodo:stopdoing停止做;stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:Westoppedtalking.我们停止了交谈。Westoppedtotalk.我们停下来去谈话。1-5ADBDC6-10CDBAB【当堂检测】
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