2020上海杨浦高三英语一模试卷

1/10杨浦区2019学年第一学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2019.12Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.KillerRabbitsYou’dneverthinkofrabbitsasdreadful,destructivecreatures,wouldyou?Rabbitsarecuteandlove-able.However,Australiansdiscovered(21)________harmthesecutecreaturescandothehardway.RabbitswereintroducedtoAustraliain1788asfoodanimals.By1827,theywererunningaroundlargeestates,andin1859,disasterstruck.Amanreleased12wildrabbitsontohispropertyforhuntingandhe(22)________havethoughtthatwasharmlessfun.ButAustraliahasnopredators（捕食者）(23)________(adapt)tokillingrabbitsandnoneofthediseasesthatkepttheirpopulations(24)________controlinEurope.Thelooserabbitsbredlike,well,rabbits,andbegantotakeoverthecountryside.Withinafewdecades,thereweremillions.By1950,therewere600millionrabbitsinAustralia.Sixhundredmillionhungryrabbitscoulddorealharm.Theycausedmoredamagethananyotherspeciesintroducedtothecontinent.Theyatenativeplantspecies(25)________theydisappeared.Theycompetedforfoodandshelterwithnativeanimals.theycausedtheextinctionorendangermentofnumerousplantandanimalspecies.Andtheywereanightmareforcattleandsheepfarmers,(26)________animalscouldn'tgetenoughgrasstoeatandstarved.Therabbitsdidsomegood,ofcourse.Theyprovidedfoodforpoorfamilies.Theysupportedfurindustries.Buttheirimpactontheenvironmentandmajorlivestockeconomywastoonegative(27)________(ignore).Peopletriedtrappingthem.Theyevenbuiltahugewallagainstthem.But(28)________(effective)weaponwasavirus.(29)________(test)multipletimes,thedeadlymyxomaviruswasreleasedonAustralia'srabbitsin1950.Thevirushadbeendevelopedverycarefullytoaffectonlyrabbits.Nearly100percentoftherabbitswhocaughtthedisease(30)________(die).Populationsfell.Itwasahugesuccess.Cattleandsheepfarmingrecoveredgradually,andthreatenedplantswerebetterprotected.Eventually,rabbitsbecameresistanttothevirus.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.2/10A.stringB.containedC.representingD.detailingE.scientificF.currentsG.recoveredH.encounteredI.estimatedJ.instructionsK.decorationBottleFoundatSeaUsedforScientificPurposeCombingthebeachforshells,seaglass,orcolorfulrocksisaleisureactivityenjoyedbymany.Someevenusemetaldetectorstofindburiedtreasureorotherobjects.Onlytheluckyfewhave___31___amessageinabottlethatwasdroppedoffbythetide.Thetraditionofputtingalettertoanunknownrecipientintoabottleandthrowingitintotheoceanhasaninterestingpast.Anearly___32___useforthepracticewasrevealedwhentheoldestrecordedmessageinabottlewasfoundbyTonyaonabeachnearWedgeIsland,Australia.Tonyawasonafamilyoutingwhenshenoticedtheantiqueglassbottleinthesandandthoughtitwouldmakeanice___33___.Whileshewascleaningthesandyginbottle,arolleduppapertiedwitha___34___fellout.ThedamppagewasamessagewritteninGermananddatedJune12,1886.AccordingtoofficialdocumentsfromtheGermansailingvessels,Paula,acrewmembertossedthebottleoverboarda(n)___35___950kmoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Furtherresearchauthenticated(验证）theletter,whichhadbeensentafloat132yearsagoandistheoldestmessageinabottleever___36___.HistoriansconfirmthatthousandsofsimilarbottleswerecastoverboardbyGermanshipsbetween1864and1933.And___37___insidewereofficialdocumentswrittenbythecaptainoftheship,___38__routes,coordinates,andotherinformation.TheseearlymessagesinabottlewereanattemptbytheGermanNavalObservatorytomapocean___39___aroundtheworld.Onthebackofthenoteswere__40__towritethetimeandplacethebottleswerefoundandreturnthemtotheGermanNavalObservatoryinHamburgorthenearestGermanauthorities.Usingthisinformationforreferencewasanearlysystemofstudyingpatternsinnatureandthevastoceaninparticular.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Astarathletestoppedbymyofficeandshewaseatenupbyself-criticismaftercommittingafewerrorsduringaweekendmatch.“I’matpeak___41___andIpractisehard.Howisthishappening?”Thisstudent,likemanyIteach,believessheshouldbeableto___42___theoutcomesofherlifebyvirtueofherhardwork.Istudyandwriteaboutresilience(复原力),andI’mnoticinga(n)___43___increaseinstudentslikethisathlete.Whentheywin,theyfeelpowerfulandsmart.Whentheyfallshortofwhattheyimaginetheyshould___44___,however,theyarecrushedbyself-blame.Wetalkoftenaboutyoungadultsstrugglingwithfailurebecausetheirparentshaveprotectedthemfrom___45___.Butthereissomethingelseatplayamongthemostadvantagedin3/10particular:a___46___promisethattheycanachieveanythingiftheyarewillingtoworkforit.Psychologistshavesourcedthisphenomenontoamisapplicationof“mind-set”research,whichhasfoundthatpraisingchildrenfor___47___willincreaseacademicperformance.DevelopedbyStanfordpsychologistCarolDweck,mind-seteducationhasspreadacrossclassroomsworldwide.Buta2018analysisfoundthatwhilepraisinghardwork