基于单片机的温室温度自动控制系统(毕业论文)

温室温度自动控制系统设计学生姓名：指导教师：所在院系：所学专业：研究方向：DesignOfGreenhouseTemperatureAutomaticControlSystem（Name：Tutor：College：Major：Direction：温室温度自动控制系统设计-I-摘要随着自动化水平的不断提高,工业现场对温度的控制越来越高,设计了一种适用于现代工业现场的实时高精度温度监控系统;采用单片机C8051F020和PC机相结合,具有数据采集、数据显示、数据通信及数据存储等功能,通过RS485总线和上位机相连,上位机可以通过软件对系统进行设置和控制,系统同时通过液晶模块实时显示监测到的温度和万年历;试验证明,本系统具有一定的实时高精度性能,有着很强的推广价值。该系统通过对温室内的温度、光照、空气湿度、土壤湿度等环境因子的采集，并根据上述参数实现对温室温度自动调节，控制温室环境适合农作物的生长，达到了温室大棚自动控制的目的。温度、湿度和CO2浓度等是影响作物生长的重要环境因子，为有效进行作物生长的环境控制，针对日光温室的特点，以模糊控制理论为基础，计算机控制技术为平台，设计了一个基于模糊控制技术的计算机温室控制系统；介绍了MCS—51单片机为核心的温室分布式测控系统的工作原理及主要功能；详细阐述了该系统的软、硬件实现方法。现代工业控制系统中，以单片机为核心的分布式数据采集和监控系统以其电路结构简单，工作稳定可靠的优点得到了广泛的应用。在分布式的控制系统中，数据通信距离往往在几千米以上，传统的RS232芯片已不能满足要求，因而应用RS485实现远距离通信。本文对其中涉及到的控制原理、系统构成、分布式监控等问题进行了论证。关键词：单片机；DS18B20；温室；自动控制；仿真温室温度自动控制系统设计-II-DesignOfGreenhouseTemperatureAutomaticControlSystemAbstractWiththecontinuousimprovementoflevelofautomation,industrialon-sitecontrolofincreasingtemperature,designofamodernindustrialsiteforreal-timehigh-precisiontemperaturemonitoringsystem;usingC8051F020microcontrollerandthePC,combinedwithdataacquisition,datadisplay,datacommunicationsanddatastoragefunctions,throughtheLCDmoduletothereal-timediaplayformonitoringtemperatureandcalender;testsprovedthatthissystemhascertainhigh-precisionreal-timeperformance,haveastrongpromotionalvalue.Thesystemofthegreenhousetemperature,light,airhumidity,soilmoistureandotherenvironmentalfactorsintheacquisition,andinaccordancewiththeaboveparameterstoachieverighttemperature,humidity,lightautomaticadjustmentandcontrolofgreenhouseenvironmentforcropgrowth,reachedagreenhouseautomaticcontrol.Temperature,humidityandcontrolofgreenhouseenvironmentforcropgrowth,reachedagreenhouseautomaticcontrol.Temperature,humidityandCO2concentrationaffectthecropgrowthforeffectiveenvironmentalcontrolforcropgrowthforthecharacteristicsofsolargreenhousecontrolsystem;describestheMCS-51microcontrollerasthecoreofthegreenhouseoftheworkingprincipleofdistributedcontrolsystemandmainfunctions;elaboratedonthesystemsoftwareandhardwareimplementations.Modernindustrialcontrolsystems,single-chipmicrocomputerasthecoreofthedistributeddataacquisitionandmonitoringsystemforitscircuitstructureissimple,thedistributedcontrolsystem,datacommunication,oftenseveralkilometersormoreawayfromthetraditionalRS232chipcannotmeettherequirements,andthereforeappliedtoachievelong-distancecommunicationRS485.Inthispaper,involvingthecontrolmechanism,systemstructure,distributedcontrolandotherissuesweredemonstrated.Keywords:Communicationsnetwork；DS18B20；Greenhouse；Automaticcontrol温室温度自动控制系统设计-III-目录摘要.........................................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II目录......................................................................................................................................III1前言.........................................................................................................................................11.1温室的起源与发展.....................................................................................................11.2国内外的温室环境控制系统的研究现状..................................................................21.3温室测控装置的类型和发展方向..............................................................................21.3.1目前常用的控制装置.....................................................................................31.3.2控制装置的发展趋势.....................................................................................51.4课题的提出和研究内容..............................................................................................61.4.1课题的提出.......................................................................................................61.4.2研究内容...........................................................................................................72.温室温度测控方案设计........................................................................................................72.1温室温度单片机测控装置的设计目标......................................................................72.2温室温度测控系统的组成与工作原理......................................................................72.3温度温室测控装置设计..............................................................................................82.4单片机（STC89C51）................................................................................................92.4.1STC89C51单片机简介....................................................................................92.5温度传感器和测温电路............................................................................................102.5.1温度传感器概述.............................................................................................102.5.2DS18B20单总线数字式温度传感器概述.....................................................112.5.3DS18B20的性能特点.....................................................................................112.5.4DS18B20的引脚、内部结构和工作过程............