巴黎圣母院建筑英文介绍(包括火灾)

OverviewBeforeNowFutureOverview1.Frenchname:Notre-DamedeParis2.LocatedintheheartofParis,southeastendof(Cite)ontheislandofCiti(ontheSeine)3.Constructiontime:1163~13454.Architect：JeandeChellesPierredeMontreuilJeanRavyEugeneViollet-le-Duc5.Religion:CatholicismTheFrenchnameofNotreDamewasNotreDame,ourlady,whomeantthemotherofJesus,VirginMary.InthedaysofEmperorTiberius,atempletotheRomanandgallicGodsmighthavebeenbuiltontheeasternhalfofÎledelaCité,accordingtoartifactsexcavatedfrombeneaththechurch.AsforthefirstChristianChurchbuiltonthissite,aChristianchurchdedicatedtoSaintStepheninthe4thcenturyandaRomanchurchinthe6thcenturyThemedievalCatholiccathedralwasdedicatedtotheVirginMaryandbuiltover850yearsagoin1163,duringthereignofKingLouisVII.Thefirstperiodofconstructiontookalmost200yearsandwascompletedin1345BeforeHonour1239:KingSt.LouisplacedthecrownofthornsatNotreDame.1302:PhilippeLeBelOpensthefirstRoyalNationalAssemblyatNotreDame.Thenthereareallkindsofceremonies:graceceremonies,weddings,coronations,baptisms,funerals,andsoon1323:Inhisessay,theFrenchphilosopherJeandeJandunpraisedtheCathedralasoneofthethreemostimportantbuildingsinParis.1455:VindicationofJoanofARC.AStatueofJoanofarcwaserectedinthecourtyard,whichwaslaterrenamedJoanofARC.Honour1572:MargaretofValoismarriedHenryofNavarre.1804:PopePieVIIarrivestoCrownKingNapoléonon2December.1811:TheEmperorofRomeisbaptizedhere.1944:TheLiberationofParisiscommemoratedinNotreDameonAugust26.1945:theHymnofvictoryintheSecondWorldWarisread1970:ThestatefuneralofGeneralDeGauleisheldhereon12November.1548,riotingHuguenotdestroyedsomestatuesofNotreDame.Many12thand13thcenturystainedglassweredemolishedandreplacedbywhiteglasswindows,bringingmorelighttothechurch.1793,twenty-eightBiblicalKingStatuesontheWestfacadewerebeheadedbecausetheyweremistakenforFrenchkingsduringtheFrenchRevolution.TheBigBellintheCathedralwasluckytosurvive.AlltheotherlargestatuesonthefaçadeweredestroyedexceptfortheTheMadonnainArtStatueonthemonastery'sentrance.The1801,theCathedralasawhole,isintatters.1831,theauthorofVictorHugo'snovelNotreDamedeParis,whichwaspublishedinEnglish,causedquiteastir.ArchitectOlléDueckerbegantherestorationworkat1844,whichlasted23years,repairingthespireandthesacristy.ParisfirefighterssaytheyhaveputoutafireatNotreDamecathedralinParisontheeveningofApril15,2019,nearly15hoursafteritstartedtoburn.AlthoughthemainbuildingskeletonandtwoBellTowerssurvivedthefire,NotreDame'siconicspirecollapsedandtwothirdsoftheroofwasdestroyed.TheArtofNotreDamewillbetransferredtotheLouvreforsafekeeping.Thecauseofthefireisstillunderinvestigation1.Theiconicsteepleburneddown2.Thewoodenroofwasburntdown3.19thcenturywindowswerebrokenNow1.Threerosewindowsfromthe12thand13thcenturies2.ThecrownofThorns,therobesofSt.Louis,andlargepaintingswererescuedintime3.TheorganoftheCathedralisintactOnApril16,2019,FrenchPresidentMaqueronmadeatelevisedaddressinwhichhehopedtorebuildNotreDamewithinfiveyearsandbeganraisingmoneyforitsreconstruction.Injustafewdaysithasraisedmorethanabillioneuros.ButLeonidMichailovichCharlamovMikhailKalinin,thechiefconservationofficerattheRussianOrthodoxChurch,saidthatgiventhescaleofthefire,itwouldbeatleast10to12yearsbeforethecathedralcouldberestored.Future