四级翻译专题.ppt

TranslationforCET4大学英语四级考试翻译专题1基本介绍•在四级考试中，翻译所占分值为5%，折合成710分卷为35分，每题所占分值为7分。•历年翻译考试中考生平均得分仅为总分值的一半，同学们之所以在此拿分水平比较低的原因是没有掌握答题的方法。大家为什么得到这么低的分数，是因为单词不认识吗？不是。是因为句子不熟悉吗？也不是。而是做题的时候特别的着急，以至于一上来就从第一个单词翻译到最后一个单词，于是就遭遇了很严重的困难。•在翻译的考试中，内容和句式各占一半的分值，内容每年千变万化，但句式永远是那么几个套路，包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、倒装、虚拟、否定、强调、比较结构。因此11年同学们在考场上见到的句子，必然是你以前见到过的样子，这就叫做例句重现。而另外一半内容要准备什么，那就是单词的问题。•有些考点在翻译中反复考察，可见其必然为考试的重点内容，在复习备考过程中要注意汇总各年考题中反复出现的情况。2真题汇总-句式•1虚拟语气（SubjunctiveMood)•2从句（SubordinateClause)•3倒装(Inversion)•4被动语态(PassiveVoice)•5比较结构（ComparativeStructure)2真题汇总—表达•1时态（Tense)•2搭配（CollocationsandPatterns)•3情态动词（ModelVerbs）•4独立主格结构(NominativeAbsoluteConstruction)1虚拟语气非真实条件句中的虚拟语气假设主句从句现在的“假”would+动词原形动词的过去式（be用were）过去的“假”would+have+过去分词had+过去分词将来的“假”would+doshould+动词原形/weretodo1虚拟语气名词性从句的虚拟宾语从句中（主体）1.建议要求命令：shouldV建议：suggest;advise;desire;propose;move(提出)…要求：request;require;insist;direct;order;demand;decree…2.意愿：wish;wouldrather;wouldjustassoon;hadratherExamples200612_________________________________________(本来会有机会活下来)ifhehadbeentakentohospital.20096Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier,_______________________________________(就不会被大雨淋了)。200912Youwouldnothavefailed___________________（按照我的指令去做）ThevictimwouldhavehadachancetosurviveMarywouldnothavebeencaughtbytherain.ifyouhadfollowedmyinstructions200812You’dbettertakeasweaterwithyou_______________________（以防天气变冷）200612Somepsychologistsclaimthatpeople______________________________________________________________.(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)。20066Theprofessorrequiredthat________________________________(我们交研究报告)byWednesday.incaseitshouldturncoldmightfeellonelywhentheyareawayfromhomeweshouldhandinourresearchreport20106Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner_____________________________________________.(要安装在窗户旁)201012Theyrequestedthat____________________________________________________________________________________________________________(我借的书还回图书馆)bynextFriday.thebookIborrowedshouldbereturnedtothelibrary/IshouldreturnthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary(should)beinstalled/fixedby/nexttothewindow.（被动语态）（被动语态）从句名词性从句——主语从句20096————————————————————(很多人所没有意识到的)isthatSimonisaloverofsports,andfootballinparticular.200812——————————————————————(大多数父母所关心的)isprovidingthebesteducationpossiblefortheirchildren.Whatmanypeopledon’trealizeWhatmostparentsareconcernedabout201012——————————————————————(给游客印象最深的)wasthefriendlinessandwarmthofthelocalpeople.表语从句200712Inmysixties,onechangeInotice————————————————————————————.（我比以前更容易累了）。WhatimpressedthetouristsmostisthatIgettiredmoreeasilythanbefore.形容词性从句——定语从句200812Medicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems_________________________________.（他们至今还没有答案）20076ThepreventionandtreatmentofAIDSisthefield_______________________________.(我们可以合作的领域)wherewecancooperatewhichtheyhaven’tfoundsolutionto状语从句20086Leavingone’sjob,____________________________________,(不管是什么工作)，isadifficultchange,evenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.200712Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,____________________________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲)。nomatterwhatsacrificesIhavetomake.nomatterwhatjobitis倒装Only（表强调）,notonly,hardly,nosooner,neither,scarcely,never置于句首时，其后句子谓语部分倒装。200812————————————————————,(直到他完成使命)didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.（前后时态要注意）20106Themanagerneverlaughed,————————————————————————————.(她也从来没有发过脾气)。Notuntilhehadfulfilledhismissionneitherdidsheeverlosehertemper.被动语态各种时态的被动语态基本结构进行时现在进行时is/am/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done一般现在时一般过去时is/am/are+donewas/were+done一般将来时will/shall+be+done完成时现在完成时have+been+done过去完成时had+been+done20066Thoughaskilledworker,______________________________,(他被公司解雇了)lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.200712ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife________________________________________________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的)，nothowmuchtheycanearn,hewasfiredbythecompanyismeasuredbyhowmuchmoneytheycanborrow20086Oureffortswillpayoffiftheresultofthisresearch_______________________________________________________.(能应用于新技术的开发)201012Themagnificentmuseum_____________________________________(据说建成于)aboutahundredyearsago.canbeappliedtothedevelopmentofnewtechnologywassaidtohavebeenbuilt20106Welookforwardto________________________.(被邀请出席开幕式)beinginvitedtotheopeningceremony比较结构考点：more/lessthanthemore…,themore…20066Themoreyouexplain,______________________（我愈糊涂）。200912Themoreexerciseyoutake,___________________________________.（你越不大可能得感冒）。themoreconfusedIam.thelesslikelyyouaretocatchacold.200612Sincemychildhood,Ihavefoundthat__________________________________________(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)。20096Itissaidthatthosewhoarestressedorworkingovertime__________________________________________.(更有可能增加体重)nothingismoreattractivetomethanreadingaremorelikelytoputonweight.时态考点：1虚拟语气中主从句的时态（见虚拟语气）2宾语从句中时态的用法3句子前后时态一致20076Becauseoftheleginjury,theathlete____________________________.(决定退出比赛)decidedtoquitthematch.200812Throughtheproject,manypeoplehavereceivedtrainingand__________________________________________.(决定自己创业)200812Theanti-virusagentwasnotknown___________________________________________.(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)decidedtolaunchtheirownbusines