gre数学总结二

数学总结二数学词汇（一）数学符号等于：≡equalto,thesameas,is不等于：＞morethan＜lessthan≥nomorethan加：＋addAtoB,plus,sumofAandB,total减：－minus,less,difference,subtractAfromB乘：×multiply，product除：÷AdividedbyB，AdividedintoB，AdivisiblebyB绝对值：|…|absolutevalue平方：2XsquareX2立方：3Xcube开平方：squareroot开立方：3cuberoot平行：//parallelto垂直：⊥perpendicularto数字前缀1：uni,mono,2:bi,du,di3:tri,ter4:tera,quad5:penta,quint6:hex,sex7:sept，hapta8:oct9:enn10:dec,deka方程Equation方程solution解4.数列和集合arithmeticprogression等差数列geometricprogression等比数列set集合term子集sequence序列term序列中的项inclusive包含序列的首末项exclusive不包含序列的首末项5.排列组合与概率combination组合probability，possibility概率6.数论commondivision公约数commonfactor公因子compositenumber合数（质数与1以外的自然数）consecutiveinteger连续整数digit位dividend被除数divide除以divisor除数divisibleby可整除的evenlydivisible可整除的evennumber偶数factor因子integer整数irrational无理数leastcommonmultiple最小公倍数multiple公倍数naturalnumber自然数negativenumber负数nonzero非零oddnumber奇数positivenumber正数primefactor质因子primenumber质数quotient商rational有理数realnumber实数remainder余数wholenumber整数units’digit个位数tens’digit十位数hundreds'digit百位数2-digitnumber两位数7.单利复利和价格compoundinterest复利cost成本discount折扣downpayment预付款，现付款抵押贷款mortinterestrate利率listprice标价margin利润markup涨价markdown降价markup毛利profit利润purchasingprice购买价retailvalue零售价saleprice销售价simpleinterest单利8.其他代数addition加arithmeticmean算术平均数average平均数base底数closestapproximation近似decimal小树decimalnotation十进制decimalpoint小数点decreased下降后的decrease···to···从···下降至···decereaseby···下降了define定义denominator分母denote表示，代表depreciation折旧distinct不同的expression表达式fraction分数geometricmean几何平均数improperfraction假分数increased增加后的increased···to···从···增加到···increaseby···增加了intermsof用···表达leastpossible最小值maximum最大值minimum最小值multiply乘multiplier乘数numerator分子percapita人均power质数proportionalto正比于properfaction真分数ratio比率reciprocal倒数reduced降低后roundedtothenearesttenth四舍五入到十分位successive，inarow连续的tehth十分位tenths’digit十分位tie平局times几倍twodigits两个数字twiceasmanyAasBA是B的两倍3/2asmanyAasBA是B的3/2倍Ais20%morethanBA比B多20%（A-B）/B=20%9.几何abscissa横坐标acuteangle锐角altitude高arc弧area面积anglebisector角平分线bisect平分center中心chord弦circle圆circumference圆周长circumscribe外切，外接clockwise顺时针concentriccircle同心圆cone圆锥congruent全等的coordinate坐标counterclockwise逆时针cube正方体cylinder圆柱decagon十边形degree角度diameter直径diagonal对角线dimension大小，维度distance距离duenorth正北方equilateraltriangle等边三角形face面height高hexagon六边形hypotenuse斜边isoscelestriangle等腰三角形inscribe内接，内切intersect相交length长度medianofatriangle三角形的中线midpoint中点numberlines数轴obtuseangle钝角octagon八边形ordinate纵坐标overlap交叠parallelogram平行四边形pentagon五边形perimeter周长parallellines平行线perpendicularlines垂直线plane平面polygon多边形quadrant象限quadrilateral四边形radius半径radian弧度（弧长/半径）regularpolygon正多边形rectangularsolid长方体rectangle长方形rightangle直角righttriangle直角三角形square正方形sphere球side边surfacearea表面积straightangle平面segment线段tangent切线triangle三角形vertex（vertices）angle顶角verticalangle对顶角volume体积width宽数学词汇（二）Aabscissa横坐标absolutevalue绝对值accountfor（数量）占acuteangle锐角acutetriangle锐角三角形add加addtoaddition加，加法adjacent相邻adjacentangles邻角algebra代数学algebraicexpression代数式algebraicfraction分式algebraicterm代数项aliquot除得尽数aliquant除不尽数alternateangles内错角altitude高度amount合计angle角anglebisector角平分线apex顶，顶点apiece每人，每个approximately近似的，大约的approximation近似，近似值arc弧，圆周的任意一段area面积arithmetic算术arithmetic(al)average算术平均数arithmetic(al)mean算术平均数或等差中项arithmetic(al)progression或series算术级数，等差级数assumethat假定义……atrandom随机地atrightangleswith与……成直角atthisrate以这样的比率，价格或速度average平均，平均数平均的axis轴Bbalance余额bargraph(chart)条带图base堤边，底面，幂或乘方的底数basearea底面积beacrossfrom在……对面beclosetto最接近……becomposedof由构成beequalto与……相等beequivalenttoantherequation与另一方程痛解befewerthan小于begreaterthan大于begreaterthanorequalto不小于beinscribedin内接于belessthan小于belessthanorequalto不大于beparallelto平行于beperpendicularto垂直于besubstitutedfor代替billion109binomial二项式bisect把……二等分block立体blotout涂掉，删掉bound辩解，范围；邻接Ccalculatetothreedecimalplaces计算结果保留三位小数cancellation约掉，消掉center圆心centralangle圆心角*charge费用，价钱chart图表chord弦circle圆circlegraph(chart)圆形图circular圆形的，环形的circularcylinder圆柱circumference圆的周长clearanequationoffractions分式方程整式化clockwise顺时针coefficient系数column列，圆柱commondenominator公分母commondifference等差数列的公差commondivisor(factor)共因子；公约数commonratio等比数列的公比commonmultiple公倍数complement余角complementaryangle余角completecircle全圆completequadratic(equation)全二次方程complexfraction繁分数compositenumber和数，指大于一而不是质数的整数compound混合物；复利compoundinterest复利compoundannualinterest年复利concentration浓度concentriccircle同心圆congruent（多边形）全等的consecutive连续的consecutiveinteger连续整数consecutiveeven(odd)integer连续偶（奇）数consistof由……构成constant不变的，永恒的；常数constitute构成，组成*contractor承包商coordinate坐标coordinateaxissystem坐标系coordinategeometry解析几何coordinateplane坐标平面correspondingangles同位角，对应角correspondingside对应边*cost成本*costprice成本价counterclockwise逆时针crossmultiplication交叉相乘cube立方体，立方；三次幂cubic立方体的，立方的cubicblock立方体cubicdenominations立方单位cubicsolid立方体cubicunits立方单位cumulativegraph(chart)累积图curve曲线curvedline曲线cylinder圆柱体cylinderic(al)圆柱体的Ddecagon十角形，十边形decimal小数；小数的decimalfraction纯小数decimalplace小数位decimalpoint小数点*deck一幅纸牌decrease减少，减少量deduct扣除，减去degree度；度数（温度和角度）denominator分母denote表示，意味着depth深度diagonal对角线；对角线的diameter直径differ不同，相异difference差，差额digit数字，位（数）*dime一角，十分dimens