人教版九年级英语宾语从句复习

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。什么是宾语从句？主句中的宾语由完整的句子充当。Hesaid(that)heboughtabookyesterday.主谓宾(宾语从句)宾语从句的类型:I.当从句是陈述句时,用“that”引导.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.注：that在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略由that引导的宾语从句宾语从句的类型:Exercises:由that引导的宾语从句1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.当主句为过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态.HesaidwasTomsaidwould宾语从句的类型:Exercises:由that引导的宾语从句3.shesays,Shesawafilmyesterday.4.Ourteachertoldus,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Ourteachertoldustheearthgoesaroundthesun.Shesaysthatshesawafilmyesterday.当主句为现在时,从句时态不限.当从句表达的是客观事实时,其时态不受主句的影响。宾语从句的类型:II.1.当从句是一般疑问句或反意疑问句时，用“if”或“whether”引导。1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.由if或whether引导的宾语从句1.Hewantstoknow,“You’refromAmerica,aren’tyou?2.“Tomhasfinishedhiswork,hasn’the?Themanagerasked.Hewantstoknowif\whetherIamfromAmerica.Themanageraskedif\whetherTomhadfinishedhiswork.2.当从句是反意疑问句时，用“if”或“whether”引导。Exercises:3.Idon’tknow___________________ornot.（是否要下雨）whetheritwillrain*当句末为ornot时，只用whether而不用if.1.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.2.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Heaskedif\whethertheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Jimaskedif\whetherhewasdoinghishomework.由if或whether引导的宾语从句III.当从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?3.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.Exercises:Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?1.Theteachertoldus.Don’tplayonthestreet.2.Shesaid.Openthewindows,please.Theteachertoldusnottoplayonthestreet.Sheaskedme\ustoopenthewindows※当从句是祈使句时用动词不定式表示nottoplaytoopen引述动词有：tell,ask,order等,句型是:tell/ask/ordersb.(not)todosth.宾语从句的时态:主从句时态一致1.当主句是现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Pleasetelluswhereheis.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.Idon’tknowhedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.当主句是过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态.宾语从句的时态:***注意:当从句表达的是客观事实的时候,其时态不受主句的影响。Heaskedwhattimeitwas.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.宾语从句的语序:1.当从句是陈述句时,只需注意人称和时态的变化.1.Lucyasked,“Couldyoudosomethingforme,Tom?”2.Hesaidtome,“Whatisyourname?”陈述语序LucyaskedTomifhecoulddosomethingforher.•Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.宾语从句的语序:陈述语序2.当从句是一般疑问句或是特殊疑问句时,既要注意人称和时态的变化,更要注意把他们改为陈述语序.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.Iwanttoknowif\whetherhelivesthere.改错！★Couldyoutellmewherebuysomestamps?canI★Couldyoutellmewhere?isthepostofficecanI①Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.宾语从句与简单句的互换:在以特殊疑问句词引导的从句中,有些句子可以转化成由“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的形式.使句子由主从复合句变成简单句.当主句中的主语与从句的主语一致时,直接变成简单句Idon’tknowwhattodonext.①CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestop？②Pleasetellhimwhichbookhewouldreadfirst.②Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.2.当主句含有双宾语时,如间宾语和从句主语一致,也可变成简单句.Canyoutellmehowtogettothestop.Pleasetellhimwhichbooktoreadfirst.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirttobuy.[注意]宾语从句中如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess等,变否定句时,应把否定词前移到主句中;变疑问句时,应把主句变为疑问句。eg:一般的宾语从句变否定式同其它的句子一样。I’mafraidIcan’tgothere.恐怕我不能去那儿。Idon’tguessyouknowtheanswertothequestion.宾语从句的否定式:Doyouknowsheisillinhospital?我猜你不知道这个问题的答案。你知道她生病住院了吗?单项选择----Couldyoutellme___thehospital?----It’squitefar.YoucantaketheNo.1bustogothere.A.howIcangotoB.howcanIgettoC.howcanIreachD.whereisAThankyou！