lesson-7-Inaugural-Address

Lesson7InauguralAddressbyJohnF.KennedyHighlights•TypeofLiterature•FeaturesoftheSpeech•StructureoftheSpeech•presidentialoath•Thepowertoabolishallformsofhumanlife•Therightsofman•Hardandbitterpeace•oldalliesPoliciestoCentralandSouthAmericaHighlights•itswritmayrun•thequestforpeace•Synecdoche(提喻法)•Theglowfromthatfirecantrulylighttheworld•biblicalstyle•Carefulchoiceofdiction•RhetoricaldevicesStudents’Presentations•1.JohnKennedy•2.PresidentialcampaignTypeofLiterature•PoliticalSpeechwhichtriesto:--explain--convince--persuadeFeaturesoftheSpeech•Addressingoldfriendsfirstwithsweetestwordsandthenfoeswithsharpwords.•Beinglogicalandclear•Employingrhetoricaldevicesandwordstocreatethedesiredemotionalimpact•UsingbiblicalstyledeliberatelyStructureoftheSpeech•Part1{Paragraph1-5}Generalintroductionorevaluationoftheinternationalsituationandgeneralstatementofbasicpolicygoals.StructureoftheSpeech•Part2{Paragraph6-20}Addressingdifferentcountriesanddeclaringdifferentpoliciestooldallies([ə'lai]),thenewstatesandrivals.StructureoftheSpeech•Part3{Para.21-27}AppealingtobothhisfellowAmericansandfellowcitizensoftheworld.1:“avictoryofaparty,butacelebrationoffreedom”•Kennedy,aDemocratic,wontheelectionwithanarrowmarginovertheRepubliccandidateRichardNixon.•intendstowinthesupportoftheRepublicans,•emphasizesthefreedomofAmericanpeopletoelectfreelytheirownheadofstate.••ItgivestheaudiencetheimpressionthatKennedyintendstokeepalowprofile(低调)nowthathebecomesthenewpresidentoftheUnitedStates.1‘anendandabeginning’and‘renewalandchange•DwightD.Eisenhower:34thpresident(Jan.20,1953–Jan.20,1961)Renewal:continuation.ItmayreferstothecorevaluesandtheinstitutionsOftheUSwhichhavebeenhelddearAndhaveremainedunchanged1presidentialoath?ThepresidentialoathwasprescribedintheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates:“IdosolemnlyswearthatIwillfaithfullyexecutetheOfficeofPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andwilltothebestofmyability,preserve,protectanddefendtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.”Paragraph1①parallelismWeobservetodaynotavictoryofpartybutacelebrationoffreedom,symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning,signifyingrenewalaswellaschange.②repetitionof“aswellas”2:Theworldisverydifferentnow.Manhasmadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnologysohehasthepower(scientificfarming,speedytransportation,massproduction,etc.)toabolishpoverty,buthealsohasthepower(missiles,H.bombs,etc)todestroyhumanlife.Hencetheworldisdifferentnow.Thepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpoverty•袁隆平andhisricecultivationThepowertoabolishallformsofhumanlife•HiroshimaaftertheLittleBoyHiroshimavictimsThepowertoabolishallformsofhumanlife•FatMandroppedinNagasaki（长崎）2:Whatbeliefisstillatissuearoundtheglobe?TherightsofmancomenotfromthegenerosityofthestatebutfromthehandofGod.ItreferstoapassageintheAmericanDeclarationofIndependence:•“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRightsthatamongtheseareLife,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness.”2•atissue:indispute;stilltobedecidedEx.“Manypeoplefailtograspwhatisreallyatissuehere”3：“heirsofthatfirstRevolution”•Thefirstrevolution:thewarofindependence.•SonsofLiberty:Foundedin1765byagroupoflocalartisansandshopkeepersinBoston,thisradicalgroupcontradictedtheStampActandotherparliamentaryrevenueprogramsimposedonthembyBritainCoveredwithsecrecy,thispatrioticsocietyhadplayedasignificantroleintheAmericanIndependencefromUnitedKingdom•Implication:asthedescendantsofthosewhofoughtawartogainindependence,wemustalwaysbearinmindthebeliefsandidealsourancestorsfoughtanddiedfor.Wemustbeprepared,ifnecessary,tofightanddieforthemtoday.3①alliteration:TofriendandfoealikePlainexpression:“tomyfriendsandenemies”3②parallelism:thetorchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericans,borninthiscentury,temperedbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace.Temperedbywar:TheAmericansofthe20thcenturyfoughttwoworldwars,sotheyarewelltempered.3Disciplined:receivedtrainingthatdevelopedself-controlandcharacter•Ancientheritage:theAmericanspiritoffightinganddieingforlibertyandhumanrightsblessedbyGod.HardandbitterpeacepeacebutcoldwarThelongrivalryb/wNATO&SovietUnionledtoastrategicandtechnologicalshadowboxing,aseachproducedweapons,strategiesandtacticsthattriedtoanticipatethisfuturewar.Paragraph4①parallelismWeshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,andopposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.②repetitionof“any”Paragraph4③alliterationWeshallpayanyprice,bearanyburdenToassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty④apromiseaswellasawarningParagraph5•①Thismuchwepledge—andmore.•Paraphrase:Wepromisetodothismuchandwepromisetodomore.•②atransitionfromthegeneraltothespecific.•Inthefollowingparagraphshewillbeaddressingdifferentspecificgroupsofnations.Paragraph6•ThinkBeforeYouRead•1)WhatpromisedidKennedygivetotheoldallies?•2)Findouttheantithesesinthisparagraph.•3)Explainthelastsentence.Paragraph6•①alliteration•Wepledgetheloyaltyoffaithfulfriends.•②antithesis:contrastingideasinabalancedstructure•United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofco-operativeventures.Divided,ther